Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Determination of physical and mechanical properties of limestones used as marble in Tut-Adiyaman Region in Turkey

100%

Rizaoğlu T. , Çoşkun C. , Camuzcuoğlu M.

Mining Machines

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2022

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tom vol. 40, iss. 3

141--148

EN

This study aimed to reveal the petrography and physical-mechanical properties of limestones, which have an important reserve and are used as marble, in Tut district of Adıyaman province, which is one of the important cities of southeast Anatolia. As a result of petrographic analysis of the rock known commercially as Emprador, it was determined that it is bioclastic limestone with abundant nummulite fossils. Density, dry and saturated unit weight, water absorption, surface roughness, abrasion resistance and uniaxial compressive strength tests were applied to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the limestones. According to the test results obtained, the density of the limestones, dry unit weight, saturated unit weight, water absorption by weight, water absorption by volume, average surface roughness, ten points roughness average, maximum roughness value, Bohme abrasion resistance and uniaxial compressive strength values were determined as 2.486 gr/cm3, 2.478 gr/cm3, 2.52 gr/cm3, 1.482%, 3.644%, 3.31 μm, 16.24 μm, 20.03 μm, 8.958 cm3/50cm2 and 1004.03 kgf/cm2 respectively. The results show that the limestones in and around Tut (Adıyaman) county can be used in large areas for decorative purposes, with their physical and mechanical properties, as well as their colour tone and the texture formed as a result of the calcite veins being shaped like a natural pattern.

2

Some Remarks on the Significance of Gold Based on Byzantine Ekphraseis of Works of Art

88%

Garnczarska M.

Studia Ceranea

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2020

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tom 10

83-121

EN

The abundance of gilding is considered to be a particularly characteristic feature of Byzantine art. This attribute can be confirmed by even a cursory analysis of works of art. In short, Byzantine artists used gold on a large scale, showing great technical skill. It is therefore quite surprising that this issue has not yet received a separate, comprehensive study. Admittedly, researchers recognize the presence of gold but unfortunately, they almost do not go beyond general observations. On the one hand, they emphasize the primary role of the symbolic meanings of gold, and, on the other, they indicate the high material value of this precious metal. These comments are usually very general and their authors rarely refer to specific primary sources. Their observations, however, speak more about present-day ideas about Byzantine culture than about it itself. The indicated problem is an important and extensive task to be done, hence this paper is only an outline of the most important questions, each of which requires a separate and in-depth study. Therefore, this synthetic article introduces the most basic points associated with the understanding of gold in Byzantium. For this purpose, selected examples of Byzantine texts in which their authors referred to gold in a strictly artistic context are analysed. Thus, the main thesis is as follows: in Byzantine painting, gold, one of the most important devices of artistic expression, was used on a large scale primarily for aesthetic reasons.

3

Flexural characterization of polymer concrete comprising waste marble and date palm fibers

88%

Rokbi M. , Rahmouni Z. E. A. , Baali B.

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tom nr 22(2)

169--182

EN

Three-point bending. Abstract This work is an experimental approach for the development and characterization of a polymer concrete reinforced with natural fibers. The polymer concrete consists of sand (Quartz) and orthophthalic polyester used as a binder. Marble powder was used to ensure the continuity of the particle size of the granular mixture. As reinforcement, 2% of chopped date palm fibers (short, very short or mixed) were added. For comparison, identical polymer concrete flexure specimens reinforced with the same content of short E-glass fibers were also prepared and tested. All specimens were initially cured at room temperature and then post-cured for 6 h at 70°C. The results of three-point bending on smooth specimens with different rates of charges (marble), showed that the flexural and compressive strength were improved by adding 20% of marble, and were 31.80 MPa and 67.42 MPa respectively. The flexural strength of specimens showed that the improvement or the degradation of polymer concrete properties seemed to be attributed to the nature of fibers (treated or untreated), and/or to the fibers sizing (short, very short or mixed).

4

Study on the shear creep characteristics of anchored jointed rock masses under creep fatigue loading

88%

Song Y. , Li Y.-Q.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2022

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tom Vol. 60 nr 4

625--635

EN

To study creep characteristics of deep rock masses under low-frequency earthquakes and other loads, sandstone and marble samples were used to characterize soft rock and hard rock, respectively. Shear creep tests of anchored rock masses under fatigue loading were carried out by using the graded loading method. A new nonlinear rheological model was constructed to characterize mechanical properties of anchored rock masses under fatigue loading. Creep fatigue curves of soft rock and hard rock have clear creep characteristics including instantaneous, attenuation, steady-state and accelerated creep stages. This work provides new insights into the stability of rock masses.

5

Reactivity of marble wastes for potential utilization in wet flue gas desulphurization

88%

Altun N. E.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2016

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tom Vol. 52, iss. 1

497--509

EN

Wastes of most marble types are distinguished with their superior CaCO3 content and potential to utilize them as an alternative to limestone. Control of SO2 using marble wastes in wet flue gas desulphurization (WFGD) units of coal fired thermal power plants is an important opportunity. In this study, nine types of marble wastes were evaluated in terms of their ability to dissolution (reactivity) in an acidic environment. The reactivity was expressed as fractional conversion with time with respect to the chemical composition and particle distribution of wastes as well as temperature and pH of solution. Dissolution reaction rate constants were also computed. Reactivity of the wastes varied significantly with chemical compositions of the marble types. The same marble type displayed different dissolution profiles as a function of test conditions (fineness, temperature, pH). Higher contents of CaCO3 and Fe2O3 positively influenced dissolution ability and rates, whereas increased MgCO3 content had adverse effects. The changes in particle size, temperature and pH influenced the reactivity. The reactivity increased with decreasing particle size. Also, higher temperature and increased acidity favored dissolution ability of the marble wastes. Our results showed that under optimized conditions marble wastes, having a higher content of CaCO3 and low content of MgCO3, are potential SO2 sorbent alternative.

6

The tectonometamorphic evolution of the marbles in the Ladek-Snieznik Metamorphic Unit, West Sudetes

88%

Jastrzebski M.

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tom 37

7

Technical issues of exploitation of marble used in the ancient times and nowadays in quarries of iscehisar in the massif of Afyon

75%

Ruszkowski M.

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2016

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tom nr 4

83--88

EN

The purpose of this paper is to present the technical issues related to mining and quarrying of marble in Iscehisar quarris in Asia Minor

8

Chemometric characterization studies of marbles by atomic absorption spectrometry

75%

Akçay H. , Demir C. , Özer U. , Güçer Ş.

Chemia Analityczna

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1999

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tom Vol. 44, No. 3B

577-589

EN

A method is proposed for the characterisation of marble samples used in historical build-ings in Bursa, Turkey. Determination of heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, Ag, Ni, Mn, Cd, Zn, Fe, Co and Mg in original marbles have been carried out by atomic absorption spectro-photometer, and Na and K by atomic emission spectrophotometer. Information about geographical origin is often required of marble samples. In order to obtain such information, principaI component analysis, correlation analysis and cIuster analysis techniques can be used as valid tools for processing series of data from chemical analysis. The techniques were applied to the raw and standardised data, showing different clusters related to the origin of marble sampIes. Some predictions about the origin of samples are made and showing the potential of chemometric techniques and their possible contribution to the characterisation of marbles used in historical buildings.

PL

Analiza głównego czynnika, analiza korelacyjna i analiza kIasterów zostały wykorzystane do badania podobieństw chemicznych marmurów z różnych starożytnych budyn-ków w Turcji. Danymi do utworzenia odpowiednich matryc były wyniki oznaczeń Cu, Pb, Ag, Ni, Mn, Cd, Zn, F e iCo metodą AAS oraz Na i K metodą AES w próbkach marmurów. Przeprowadzona analiza chemometryczna pozwolił a na określenie miejsc pochodzenia marmuów.

9

Marmur. Dwie wersje artykułu hasłowego do „Słownika ludowych stereotypów językowych”

75%

Mazurkiewicz M.

Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury

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1990

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tom 3

71–75

PL

Autorka przedstawiła dwie wersje artykułu hasłowego marmur. Pierwsza – silnie uschematyzowana, adresowana raczej do odbiorców z kręgu badaczy folkloru i języka, druga – ujęta swobodniej, przeznaczona do szerszego odbioru (także dla nieprofesjonalistów). Zasadnicze kategorie, stanowiące o strukturze kognitywnej hasła, są w obu wersjach eksplikacji takie same: (1) usytuowanie w nadrzędnej klasie wraz z etymologią słowa; (2) wygląd; (3) cechy nie związane z wyglądem; (4) kolekcje (współwystępowanie); (5) zastosowanie jako materiału. Wersja pierwsza jest pozbawiona odniesienia do języka ogólnego, wersja druga – jako bardziej popularna – zawiera takie odniesienie. Inne jest w obu wersjach miejsce odnotowania liczby potwierdzeń wystąpienia wyrazu: w wersji pierwszej – łącznie z dokumentacją, w wersji drugiej – w ramach eseistycznej eksplikacji. Poza tym dokumentacja dla obu ujęć jest jednakowa.

EN

The author presents two versions of an entry for the word marble. The first, highly schematized version is addressed to a rather specialized audience, i.e. folklore researchers and linguists. The second definition – treated more freely – is addressed to a wider audience (also to non-professionals). The underlying categories that constitute the cognitive structure of both entries are the same: (1) they are placed within the superordinate class along with the etymology of the word; (2) its appearance; (3) its characteristics unrelated to the appearance; (4) sets (co-occurrence); (5) the application as the material. The first version does not include a reference to general language, while the second version does include such a reference. The location of the record confirming the number of occurrences of the word is different in the two definitions; in the first version – included in the examples; in the second – as a part of an essayistic explication. Apart from this difference, the examples provided are the same.

10

Mechanical response of notched marble beams under bending versus acoustic emissions and electric activity

75%

Kourkoulis S. K. , Pasiou E. D. , Dakanali I. , Stavrakas I. , Triantis D.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2018

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tom Vol. 56 nr 2

523--547

EN

An experimental protocol, including the combined application of both innovative and traditional sensing techniques, is described aiming to explore the mechanical response of marble and also to check the possibilities of detecting precursor phenomena designating upcoming catastrophic fracture. The protocol consisted of three-point bending tests with notched prismatic beams made of Dionysos marble, the material extensively used for restoration of the Acropolis of Athens monuments. The sensing system improvised included techniques relying on completely different physical foundations, which permit simultaneous detection and recording of the Pressure Stimulated Currents, Acoustic Emissions, three dimensional displacement fields and Notch Mouth Opening Displacements. Analysis of the results revealed interesting features of the mechanical response of Dionysos marble and indicated, also, that classical Continuum Fracture Mechanics fails to describe accurately the response of marble, at least in the presence of notches. In addition, strong correlations between the Pressure Stimulated Currents, the rate of acoustic hits and the rate of change of the opening of the pre-existing notch have been enlightened. Moreover, the onset of catastrophic crack propagation appears following distinguishable changes of the Pressure Stimulated Currents recorded. Therefore (and taking into account the very small size of the respective sensors as well as the simple complementary equipment needed), it is concluded that the specific technique could be considered as a simple and reliable tool for an alternative approach to the in-situ Structural Health Monitoring of classical stone monuments.

11

Marble from Neolithic quarries at the Bílý Kámen Hill near Sázava (Central Bohemia, Czech Republic) and its petrographic-geochemical characterization

75%

Přichystal A. , Burgert P. , Gadas P.

Geological Quarterly

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2019

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tom Vol. 63, No. 4

811--821

EN

The longest known prehistoric quarries for non-siliceous (non-flint) rocks in continental Europe were discovered on the Bílý Kámen Hill in central Bohemia (Czech Republic) already in the period between the World Wars. Due to post-war events, this has been all but forgotten, and awareness of this important locality still exists only in the local research community. Its research potential has not yet been exhausted. The article presents the first exact mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the raw material extracted in these prehistoric quarries. The raw material is fundamentally different from some of the marble artefacts from nearby workshops. The aim of this research is to create a solid foundation for the future detailed study of prehistoric artefacts made from marble and to review the deep-rooted idea of their distribution within the oldest agricultural communities in Central Europe.

12

Nowe metody badań fasad wykonanych z krajowych marmurów i wapieni

75%

Góralczyk S. , Stankiewicz J.

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Górnictwa Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje

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2006

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tom Vol. 115, nr 46

63-72

PL

Stosowane obecnie metody badań płyt przeznaczonych na zewnętrzne okładziny ścienne obejmują głównie badania wytrzymałościowe, w tym wytrzymałość na zginanie, ściskanie oraz odporności na warunki atmosferyczne w tym m.in. nasiąkliwości i mrozoodporności. Metody badań zawarte w normach nie uwzględniają wpływu złożonych warunków atmosferycznych, które oddziałują głównie na wyroby z marmurów i wapieni, czego efektem są odkształcenia i w konsekwencji niszczenia okładzin ściennych. W artykule przedstawiono projekt metody badań laboratoryjnych, które w stosunkowo krótkim czasie pozwalają określić podatność danego surowca na złożone działanie warunków zewnętrznych, a tym samym zakwalifikować wyrób jako przydatny do zastosowania na zewnętrzne okładziny. Wyniki badań dotyczą najczęściej stosowanych polskich marmurów i wapieni.

EN

In article new test method of marble and limestone slabs to use for external cladding are given. An opinion about influence of different temperature and high humidity for bowing of slabs cladding in building facades is mainly an object.

13

Reimpiego e spolia nella tarda Antichità alla luce del materiale litico proveniente dal complesso archeologico di San Severo a Classe

63%

Tůmová H. , Cirelli E.

Studia Hercynia

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2019

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tom 23

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nr 1

55-78

EN

The article aims to present results of the analysis of stone artefacts (fragments of architectural decoration, sarcophagi, opus sectile) from the late antique basilica and adjacent medieval monastery of San Severo in Classe (Ravenna, Italy). The research is focused on the qualitative and quantitative study of stone artefacts with regards on signs of their reuse. A hypothesis of the application of late antique materials in medieval reconstructions of San Severo monastic complex is discussed on the basis of lithotype and provenance study of stone artefacts and the late antique marble trade in the Mediterranean.

14

Eksploatacja podziemna kamieni blocznych - podstawowe aspekty geologiczne i górnicze

63%

Galos K. , Guzik K.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN

|

2013

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tom nr 84

25--36

PL

Podziemna eksploatacja kamieni blocznych jest rozpowszechniona w wielu krajach europejskich, a także w Ameryce Północnej. Jej popularność będzie jednak niewątpliwie rosnąć, przede wszystkim w związku z uwarunkowaniami środowiskowymi i kwestią dostępności terenu. Metoda ta zapewnia często długoletnią działalność górniczą, umożliwiając eksploatację tylko wybranych partii masywu skalnego, bez konieczności usuwania nadmiernego nadkładu, przy zredukowanym do minimum wpływie na powierzchnię terenu oraz niższych kosztach rekultywacji w porównaniu do eksploatacji odkrywkowej. Eksploatacja podziemna w chwili obecnej dotyczy niemal wyłącznie skał osadowych (głównie wapienie) oraz niektórych metamorficznych (np. marmury). Najbardziej znane przykłady podziemnej eksploatacji kamieni budowlanych występują we Włoszech, a także w Wielkiej Brytanii, Portugalii i kilku innych krajach Europy południowej. Najczęstszą przyczyną uruchamiania eksploatacji podziemnej skał blocznych jest występowanie zapotrzebowania na materiały kamienne, których wydobycie metodą odkrywkową jest utrudnione bądź niemożliwe. Istotnym aspektem eksploatacji podziemnej musi być gwarantowana długoterminowa stabilność geomechaniczna pustek poeksploatacyjnych. Warunki geostrukturalne (tektonika, litologia) determinują zarówno plan wyrobisk podziemnych, jak też metody pozyskiwania bloków w przodkach eksploatacyjnych. Najczęstszym stosowanym systemem eksploatacji podziemnej jest system komorowo-filarowy. Istotna jest także możliwość prowadzenia eksploatacji wybranych części złóż, charakteryzujących się najkorzystniejszymi parametrami jakościowymi. Za podjęciem podziemnej eksploatacji przemawia również stwierdzany wielokrotnie wzrost możliwości pozyskania bloków w głębiej położonych partiach złóż. Powoduje to, że uzysk bloków w kopalniach podziemnych jest rzadko mniejszy niż 60%. W Polsce podziemna eksploatacja krajowych skał blocznych nie była dotychczas prowadzona. Najbardziej interesujące perspektywy rozwoju eksploatacji metodą podziemną mogą dotyczyć m.in. marmurów, serpentynitów i sjenitów na Dolnym Śląsku oraz wapieni (marmurów technicznych) w rejonie Krakowa i Kielc.

EN

Underground extraction of dimension stone is widespread in many European countries and in North America. Its popularity will undoubtedly grow, mainly due to environmental considerations and the accessibility of deposits for extraction. This method commonly results in long-term mining operations, allowing for the extraction of only selected parts of the rock mass without the necessity of overburden removal, reduced impact on the surface environment, and lower costs of reclamation as compared to open pit mining. Currently, underground mining is almost entirely associated with sedimentary rocks (mainly limestone) and some metamorphic rocks (e.g. marble). The best-known examples of underground exploitation of building stones are found in Italy, the UK, Portugal, and several other countries in southern Europe. The most common reason for initiating underground dimension stone mining is demand for certain stone materials which cannot be obtained from opencast mining. An important aspect of such operations is guaranteed long-term geomechanical stability of post-mining voids. Geostructural conditions (tectonics, lithology) determine both the plan of underground workings, as well as the method of blocks at the mining faces. The room-and-pillar system is the most common operating system of extraction. It is important to have the opportunity for selective mining of the parts of a deposit showing the best quality parameters, which allows for higher yield of the blocks (rarely less than 60%). In Poland, the underground extraction of dimension stone has not yet been conducted. The most interesting prospects for the development of an underground operation method may include — among other materials — marble, serpentinite, and syenite in Lower Silesia and limestone (technical marble) in the area of Cracow and Kielce.

15

Szansa dla marmuru z Rogóżki ?

63%

Szwed-Lorenz J. , Ślusarczyk S.

Górnictwo Odkrywkowe

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2014

|

tom R. 55, nr 6

29--33

PL

W artykule opisano historię eksploatacji i wykorzystania marmurów ze złoża Rogóżka leżącego w Kotlinie Kłodzkiej nieopodal Stronia Śląskiego. Scharakteryzowano jakość tych skał oraz obecny stan zagospodarowania obszaru złoża. Rozpatrzono możliwości i szanse jego ponownej eksploatacji lub innego sposobu zagospodarowania terenu nieczynnych wyrobisk dawnej kopalni.

EN

This article tells about history of exploitation and use of marble from Rogóżka deposit situated in Kłodzka Valley nearby Stronie Śląskie.Specified the quality of these rocks and the current state of development of the deposit area. Examined the possibilities and opportunities of re-operation or different way of development of old mine 's inactive working areas.

16

Waloryzowanie kopalin skalnych. Cz. 2, Materiał bloczny : skały metarmorficzne i osadowe

63%

Pietrzyk-Sokulska E.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2011

|

tom nr 2

38-42

17

Budowanie z najszlachetniejszego kamienia

63%

Grundkowski J.

Warstwy, Dachy i Ściany

|

2007

|

tom nr 2

62-63

18

Experimental study on the dynamic tensile mechanical properties of marble under water and oil conditions

51%

Li C. , Liu D. , Zhu Y.

|

tom Vol. 69, nr 3

317--330

EN

To investigate the dynamic tensile properties and energy dissipation characteristics of marble in three different conditions: dry, water-saturated, and oil-saturated, a Brazilian disk splitting test was conducted using a 50 mm diameter Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) device. The findings indicate that the peak strain and dynamic tensile strength of the three conditions increase with strain rate, exhibiting a clear strain rate effect. Additionally, lubricating effects of water and oil weaken internal shear sliding friction, thus promoting crack expansion. Furthermore, immersion of fluid in marble weakens the cementation of internal mineral particles, leading to lower tensile strength of marble saturated with water and oil compared to dry marble under dynamic impact. When analyzing the energy dissipation of marble, both the absorption energy and dissipation energy density increase with oil strain rate, indicating a positive correlation. Moreover, numerical results obtained from ANSYS/LS-DYNA correspond well with experimental data, thus verifying and interpreting the experimental outcomes.

19

The study of the characteristics of sand concrete based on marble waste sand

51%

Bebhalilou M. I. , Belachia M. , Houari H. , Abdelouahed A.

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

|

2020

|

tom Vol. 30, no. 1

130--144

EN

The present study aims to valorize the waste and in particular the waste from the Fil-fila quarry. The main reason for choosing the waste from this quarry was the need to reduce the impact on the environment (by reducing stockpiling) and the raw material cost (economic reason). This study therefore consists in recovering this type of waste (discarded powder subject to weather changes) as sand in partial replacement of dune sand in the formulation of sand concrete with percentages of 5, 10, 15 and 20 %, by studying the behavior of these concretes in the fresh state (workability, density and occluded air) and the properties in the hardened state (compressive and tensile strength by bending, absorption by immersion, shrinkage and weight loss, chemical effect of HCl and H2SO4 solutions), and subsequently comparing the results obtained with reference samples (0%) based on ordinary sand. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the substitution of ordinary (dune) sand with marble waste sand provides acceptable results from the point of view of workability, strength and durability. These observations are likely to widen the field of applications of these sand concretes based on marble waste.

20

Fizyka w mikroskali, czyli o kroplach Pickeringa, mikrokapsułkach oraz strukturach liquid marbles

51%

Kubiak T.

|

tom T. 75, z. 2

17--25

PL

Mikrostruktury typu rdzeń-powłoka ze względu na ogromny potencjał aplikacyjny są coraz powszechniej wytwarzane i badane przez fizyków. Szczególne zainteresowanie budzą sferyczne obiekty złożone z ciekłego rdzenia i zaadsorbowanych na jego powierzchni cząstek stałych, które tworzą otoczkę. Tak zbudowane krople Pickeringa, mikrokapsułki oraz struktury liquid marbles zdolne są do bezpiecznego transportowania i kontrolowanego uwalniania substancji aktywnych, w tym leków przeciwnowotworowych. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono metodę, wykorzystującą pole elektryczne do formowania kropli Pickeringa zarówno z powłoką jednorodną, jak i heterogeniczną (janusową oraz łaciatą). Omówiono również sposób wzmacniania pokrycia wspomnianych kropli w celu uzyskania mikrokapsułek oraz strategię kontrolowanego wyzwalania ich zawartości z wykorzystaniem bodźca ultradźwiękowego. W ostatniej części tekstu przybliżono metody formowania i funkcjonalizowania struktur liquid marbles.

EN

Core-shell microstructures due to their great application potential are increasingly produced and studied by physicists. Spherical objects composed of a liquid core and solid particles adsorbed on its surface and forming a shell are of particular interest. Pickering droplets, microcapsules and liquid marbles that have such a structure are capable of safely transporting and controlled release of active substances, including anticancer drugs. This article presents an electric field based method of forming Pickering droplets both with a homogeneous and heterogeneous (Janus and patchy) coating. The method of strengthening the shells of the mentioned droplets in order to obtain microcapsules and the strategy of controlled release of their content using an ultrasonic stimulus are also discussed. The last part of the text shows the techniques of forming and functionalizing liquid marbles.