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Archaeological and archaeobotanical data from Malice and Lengyel culture site no. 8 in Kraków-Górka Narodowa (Southern Poland)

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Kowalczyk-Matys P. , Kapcia M. , Ostrowski M. , Moskal-del Hoyo M.

tom nr 89/90

19--38

Preliminary data from newly excavated archaeological site no. 8 in Kraków-Górka Narodowa (southern Poland) show that two main phases of Early Neolithic occupation can be distinguished based on pottery finds, one associated with the Malice culture and the other with the PleszówModlnica group of the Lengyel culture. These data are presented along with lithic materials and discussed in the context of the results of the archaeobotanical analysis. Charred plant macro-remains obtained from 18 samples coming from five archaeological features showed that the only cultivated plants documented were two species of cereals: Triticum dicoccum and Triticum monococcum. Wild herbaceous plants were represented by several taxa such as Chenopodium type album, Bromus sp., Echinochloa crus-galli, Sambucus sp. and Fallopia convolvulus, among others. In addition, a single nutshell of hazel Corylus avellana appeared. Among wood charcoal remains, only two taxa were found: Quercus sp. and Fraxinus excelsior.

Makroskopowe szczątki roślinne z czwartorzędowych osadów odkrywki Bełchatów, środkowa Polska

86%

Pyszyński W. , Krzyszkowski D.

tom Vol. 59, nr 12

785-792

The paper presents results of studies on macroscopic remains of wood, herbs and sporophyte plants ound in Quaternary deposits of the Bełchatów outcrop. Their taxonomic position was defined along with condition of wood remains in relation to type of deposits. In Pliocene/ Pleistocene (Praetiglian) sand deposits, the large and well-preserved fragment of poplar wood and in Pilica Interstadial (Chojny series) sands pine branches were discovered. In the latter the compression wood was very well preserved, whereas the normal wood appears highly pressed and the regular ray rows were remaining only in the late wood. Many small fragments of alder wood were also found in Vistulian/Holocene peats and juniper and spruce - in Holocene deposits. Generative and vegetative remains of herbs from Vistulian/Holocene peat deposits were also investigated. In Vistulian/Holocene deposits small fragments of alder wood (Alnus Mill.) were found and in Holocene deposits - small fragments of scotsch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), common spruce (Picea abies Karst), common juniper (Juniperus communis L.) and alder wood (Alnus Mill.). Besides, some sedge (Carex L.) and buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata L.) were discovered in these deposits.