Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Optimization of the Operation of a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant with Hydrocotyle ranunculoides

100%

Quispe R. , Soto M. , Ingaruca E. , Bulege W. , Custodio M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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tom Vol. 20, nr 9

228--236

EN

The objective of the study was to optimize the operation of the municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the Sicaya district with Hydrocotyle ranunculoides. The relative growth rate of the macrophyte was determined, in addition to the relationship between the population growth area and the final weight according to the number of days elapsed. Medium fences were implemented and the tributary and effluent of the WWTP were characterized physicochemically and microbiologically. The results of the characterization corresponding to the tributary were as follows: 616 mg of TSS/L, 109.2 mg of BOD5/L, 305.4 mg of COD/L, 30.3 mg of oils and fats/L and 3 500 000 NMP of thermotolerant coliforms/100 ml. Owing to the implementation of two medium grids, large suspended solids were retained. The highest efficiency of COD removal with respect to the growth area of H. ranunculoides (2 226.96 m2) was 81.53%. While the efficiency of removal of thermotolerant coliforms was 79.2% at a water temperature of 12.32°C . Using the operational optimization model in the WWTP with H. ranunculoides, an area of 3 291.67 m2 of macrophyte population growth was achieved with a removal efficiency of 93.71% COD and an area of 3 591.67m2 to remove 79.95% of the thermotolerant coliforms at a temperature of 13°C.

2

The role of macrophytes in the diurnal distribution of crustacean zooplankton in a littoral of a shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake

88%

Bowszys M. , Hirsz E. , Paturej E.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Biology

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2006

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tom 09

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nr 2

EN

In a mesotrophic, shallow, macrophyte-dominated lake, stable plant cover can be attractive for zooplankton species being a grazer or a prey; dense submerged vegetation, Chara beds in particular, can offer a day-time refuge for cladocerans and some adult copepods. The former use this shelter also at night; on the contrary, young stages of Copepoda distinctively avoided both types of plant covered areas during the day and migrated towards open water. That might resulted from the increased grazing upon zooplankton. The pressure of predatory fish in open water probably forced young fish to seek for a shelter. As Chara beds are too dense to be penetrated, they preferred emergent plant zone. That might encourage copepods to undertake reversed DHM. The present study suggests a significant role of plant cover on diurnal zooplankton distribution. Dense charophyte patches could offer a daytime refuge for cladocerans, and some adult forms of Copepoda, while both groups of planktonic invertebrates did not take the advantage of emergent macrophytes cover to avoid fish predation.

3

Evaluation of the ecological status and diversity of macrophytes of drainage ditches threatened by a pesticide tomb

88%

Grzybowski M. , Szarek J. , Skibniewska K. A. , Guziur J. , Duriasz J.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2010

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tom 25

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nr 3

EN

The research was aimed at determining whether a pesticide tomb affects the ecological status of drainage ditches located in its vicinity as well as how it affects the diversity of the flora of the ditches and in which direction its effect on the surrounding environment is. In addition, the results of the study are a contribution to a comparative analysis of methods for macrophyte evaluation of watercourses used in Poland and to identify the possibilities of their application in investigations of artificial watercourses under the pressure of pesticides. Values of indices of the hydromorphological evaluation (HQA, HMS) were similar for all drainage ditches examined. This points to a negligible effect of the pesticide tomb on the hydromorphological characteristics of the analyzed watercourses. The pesticide tomb was found to affect the ecological status and floral diversity of the drainage ditches. The lowest values of macrophyte and diversity indices were recorded in the first and the second watercourse, whereas higher ones were in the third watercourse. Changes in the indices of ecological status and those of floral diversity observed in the watercourses examined show that the effect of the pesticide tomb on the surrounding ecosystem is consistent with topographic features and proceeds in a north-easterly direction. Both methods of the macrophyte evaluation of the ecological status of watercourses (MTR, MIR) yield different numeric values, yet their results are comparable in terms of the tendency of changes in the ecological status of the analyzed watercourses. In both methods, the highest rank was reported for the third watercourse. The MTR index diversifies the examined watercourses to a smaller extent than the MIR index. The MIR method is better under conditions of lowland Poland for the evaluation of the ecological status of artificial watercourses, as it enables stronger diversification of the ecological status of the watercourses examined due to a higher number of indicatory species.

PL

Przeprowadzone badania mają na celu stwierdzenie, czy mogilnik pestycydowy wpływa na stan ekologiczny rowów melioracyjnych znajdujących się w sąsiedztwie, jak również, w jaki sposób wpływa na różnorodność ich flory oraz jaki jest kierunek tego oddziaływania. Wyniki badań są wkładem do analizy porównawczej metod oceny makrofitów cieków Polski. Istnieje możliwość ich zastosowania w badaniach sztucznych cieków wodnych będących pod wpływem pestycydów. Wartości wskaźników hydromorfologicznej oceny dla rowów melioracyjnych (HQA, HMS) były zbliżone. Wskazuje to na nieznaczny wpływ mogilnika pestycydowego na hydromorfologiczne cechy badanych cieków. Stwierdzono wpływ mogilnika pestycydowego na stan ekologiczny oraz różnorodność roślinności rowów melioracyjnych. Niższą wartość wskaźników makrofitowych oraz wskaźników różnorodności zanotowano w cieku pierwszym i drugim, wyższą w cieku trzecim. Na podstawie zmian wskaźników stanu ekologicznego oraz wskaźników różnorodności roślinności w badanych ciekach stwierdzono, że wpływ mogilnika pestycydowego na otaczające ekosystemy jest zgodny z ukształtowaniem terenu i przebiega w kierunku północno-wschodnim. Obie metody makrofitowej oceny stanu ekologicznego cieków (MTR, MIR) dają liczbowo odmienne wartości. Wyniki są jednak porównywalne w zakresie tendencji zmian stanu ekologicznego w badanych ciekach. W obu metodach najwyższą wartość uzyskał ciek trzeci. Wskaźnik MTR w mniejszym stopniu różnicuje badane cieki niż wskaźnik MIR. Metoda MIR jest lepsza w warunkach Polski niżowej do oceny stanu ekologicznego cieków sztucznych, ponieważ pozwala silniej różnicować stan ekologiczny badanych cieków dzięki większej obecności gatunków wskaźnikowych.

4

Macrophytes as a tool for assessing the trophic status of a river: a case study of the upper Oum Er Rbia Basin (Morocco)

88%

Nouri A. , Soumaya H. , Lahcen C. , Abdelmajid H.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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tom Vol. 50, No. 1

77--86

EN

Macrophytes are one of the main components of the aquatic ecosystem. They are used in several countries as metrics for the ecological assessment of hydrosystems. The objective of our study was to evaluate the suitability of the Macrophyte Biological Index for Rivers (IBMR) to determine a trophic level in the upper Oum Er Rbia basin (Morocco) and to understand physicochemical parameters of water that govern the distribution of macrophyte species. CCA analysis was used to relate the distribution of macrophytes to hydrochemical parameters of water. The CCA analysis shows that the distribution of macrophytes was more correlated with abiotic parameters (EC, WT and DO) than nutrient parameters (PO4-P, NO3-N, NO2-N, NH3-N and CODMn). The recorded values of IBMR in the upper Oum Er Rbia basin indicate that the trophic level of the studied rivers ranged from “moderate” to “very high”. Pearson’s correlation coefficient showed that the IBMR is more correlated with the abiotic parameters such as WT and EC and does not show any significant correlation with the content of PO4-P and NH3-N in water, which makes the IBMR index unreliable for assessing the trophic status related to phosphate and ammonia concentrations in our lotic waters.

5

Spatial structure of macrophytes in the Rotcze Lake [Lublin Polesie Region]

88%

Sugier P. , Lorens B.

Acta Agrophysica

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2002

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tom 67

6

Evaluation of ecological state of small water reservoirs in the Bystrzyca River valley

75%

Sender J. , Cianfaglione K. , Kolejko M.

Teka Komisji Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska Przyrodniczego

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2014

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tom 11

7

The diurnal distribution of cladocerans in a bed of Myriophyllum verticillatum in Lake Wielkowiejskie

75%

Basinska A. , Cichocka M. , Kuczynska-Kippen N.

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tom 38

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nr 1

103-111

8

Effect of pH, dissolved organic carbon and total phosphorus concentrations on selected life history traits of Luronium natans (L.) RAF.

75%

Bazydło E. , Szmeja J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2004

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tom Vol. 52, nr 2

191-200

EN

A hypothesis has been put forward that low pH or high concentration of total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the lake water are the factors responsible for observed extinction of the population of Luronium natans (L.) Raf., protected macrophyte species from the group of isoetids. A study was performed on 525 generative individuals collected from 21 lakes in Pomeranian Lakeland (NW Poland) and a correlation between the biometric characteristics and environmental conditions in the lakes was tested. The following life history traits have been analysed: size of individuals, their fecundity and allocation of biomass. The greatest and most fecund individuals grow in the lake water of pH 6.1-7.0, poor in TP (10.1-20.0 [mi]g dm^-3) and DOC (3.5-6.0 mg C dm^-3). The allocation of biomass of the individuals growing in the optimum conditions is as follows 46-54% in the leaves, 22-31% in the roots and 20-27% in the rhizome. In the lakes with water of pH < 5.0 or of TP3 > 20.1 [mi]g dm^-3 and DOC > 6 mg C dm^3, a statistically significant decrease in the size of the individuals and unfavourable changes in the biomass allocation are found. The main environmental factor responsible for dying out local populations of Luronium natans is a decrease of pH below < 5.0.

9

Diversity of the Rhopalodiaceae Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) on Macrophytes of Different Architecture in Small and Shallow Oxbow Lakes (SE Poland)

75%

Rybak M. , Kochman-Kędziora N. , Pęczuła W.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 5

164--173

EN

The research was conducted in July 2018 on six oxbow lakes of the San River. A total of 21 samples from various macrophyte species were collected. Over 400 species of diatoms were identified in the analyzed materials, 9 of which belonged to the Rhopalodiaceae family. Most of these Epithemia and Rhopalodia species developed as dominants in most of the studied samples. One of reported species – Epithemia selengaensis Vishnyakov, Kulikovskiy & Genkal was first time reported from Poland. The aim of the study was to present the taxonomic diversity of the representatives of the Rhopalodiaceae family growing different macrophyte species in oxbow lakes in the summer aspect.

10

Macrophyte biometric features as an indicator of the trophic status of small water bodies

75%

Nagengast B. , Kuczynska-Kippen N.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2015

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tom 44

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nr 1

11

An attempt to prepare macrophyte index for rivers for assessment watercourses in Kazakhstan

75%

Muratov R. , Zhamangara A. , Beisenova R. , Akbayeva L. , Szoszkiewicz K. , Jusik S. , Gebler D.

Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications

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2015

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tom 03

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nr 2

EN

Monitoring of water ecosystems in Kazakhstan is based generally on chemical indicators. Biological indicators, such as macroinvertebrates and a phytoplankton are rarely used. Sometimes some macrophyte species of are used for the assessment of water quality. The aim of the study was to analyse the possibilities of the introduction of the Polish monitoring system based on aquatic plants for rivers in Kazakhstan watercourses. The Polish method uses the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR) and it has been prepared for the purposes of the EU Water Framework Directive. The systematic structure of Kazakhstan’s water plants were analyzed and compared with the macrophyte list of Poland. Flora of Kazakhstan was used as the main source of information and some recent publications were analyzed as well. It was found that the aquatic flora of Kazakhstan is rich and a total of 240 taxa of emergent and submerged plants are identified in the country. We have confirmed that a large number of aquatic plants recorded in Kazakhstan are recognized as bioindicators. The ecological tolerance and sensitivity of the identified bioindicators was analysed. A preliminary nine taxa with the the highest indicator weight in the MIR system (W = 3) were detected as the most sensitive indicators in Kazakhstan flora: Sciuro-hypnum plumosum, Scapania sp., Ceratphyllum demersum, C. submersum, Potamogeton lucens, P. praelongus, Lemna gibba, Menyanthes trifoliata and Acorus calamus. It was found that the MIR index can be applied in Kazakhstan, especially if we enrich the list of indicative species with the local macrophytes, which were not included in the original version. The list of potential indicator-species includes: Ranunculus altaicus, Ranunculus natans, Althenia filiformis, Nelumbo nucifera, Trapa incise which does not occur in Europe and Nuphar pumila, Nymphoides peltata, Ranunculus rionii, Rorippa palustris, Trapa natans, Utricularia intermedia, U. minor, Eleocharis acicularis and Vallisneria spiralis.

12

Diversity of macrophytes in Lake Rotcze in the Leczna-Wlodawa Lakeland

75%

Sender J.

Teka Komisji Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska Przyrodniczego

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2004

|

tom 01

13

Modelling values of river macrophyte metrics using artificial neural networks

75%

Gebler D. , Kayzer D. , Budka A. , Szoszkiewicz K.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2012

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nr 1/IV

EN

The results of field research at 230 river sections located throughout Poland were used to examine the possibility of predicting values of macrophyte metrics of ecological status. Artificial intelligence methods such as artificial neural networks were used in the modelling. The physicochemical parameters of water (alkalinity, conductivity, nitrate and ammonium nitrogen, reactive and total phosphorus, and biochemical oxygen demand) were used as the explanatory (modelling) variables. The explained (modelled) parameters were the Polish MIR (Macrophyte Index for Rivers), the British MTR (Mean Trophic Rank) and the French IBMR (River Macrophytes Biological Index). The quality of the constructed models was assessed using the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) and the r–Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient between variables modelled by the networks and calculated on the basis of the botanical research. These analyses demonstrated that the network modelling MIR values had the highest accuracy. The lowest prediction accuracy was obtained for MTR and IBMR indices. The differences between particular models are likely to result from better adjustment of the Polish method to local rivers (particularly in terms of indicator species used).

14

Phytocenotic structure and physico-chemical properties of a small water body in agricultural landscape

75%

Sender J. , Kulak A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2014

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tom 67

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nr 2

EN

Small water bodies, until recently considered as wasteland, are an essential element of the so-called small water retention. Their main use can vary significantly, but they always play a positive role by increasing water resources and enhancing the natural values of the landscape. Moreover, by increasing biodiversity thanks to plants forming habitats for many species of flora and fauna, small water bodies act as a biofilter, improving water quality. But these small reservoirs belong to the groups of waters that are most exposed to damage, especially within the catchment area. Because of the invaluable role of small farmland water bodies, a study was undertaken to investigate their phytocenotic structure. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the level of threats and to indicate their role in the development of habitat conditions. The investigated reservoir was created in 2007. Before that time, it functioned as a part of the Zemborzycki reservoir, as they were close to each other. Almost the entire surrounding of this small reservoir consisted of farmland. In 2011 a revitalization project was carried out in the reservoir. Plants typical for wetland habitats were mainly introduced, while synanthropic vegetation was removed. Based on chemical and physical analyses, it can be concluded that the investigated reservoir serves as a natural biofilter thanks to the qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure of macrophytes. After the revitalization project, the investigated pond gained new aesthetic and ecological qualities.

PL

Małe zbiorniki wodne, do niedawna uważane za nieużytki, są podstawowym elementem tzw. małej retencji. Zasadnicze przeznaczenie może być bardzo różne, ale zawsze pełnią pozytywną rolę zwiększając zasoby wodne i wzbogacając walory przyrodnicze krajobrazu. Dodatkowo poprzez zwiększanie różnorodno ści biologicznej, dzięki roślinom je porastającym i tworzącym siedliska dla wielu gatunków flory i fauny, małe zbiorniki wodne pełnią rolę biofiltra, poprawiaj ąc jakość wody. Jednakże te małe zbiorniki wodne nale żą także do najbardziej zagrożonych. Ze względu na nieocenioną rolę małych zbiorników wodnych krajobrazu rolniczego, zostały podjęte badania obejmujące analizę ich struktury fitocenotycznej. Ponadto, podjęto próbę oceny stopnia zagrożenia i wskazanie jego roli w rozwoju warunków siedliskowych. Badany zbiornik powstał w 2007 roku. Wcześniej funkcjonował jako jedna z zatok Zalewu Zemborzyckiego. Niemalże całe bezpośrednie otoczenie małego zbiornika wodnego stanowiły pola uprawne. W roku 2011 przeprowadzono na tym terenie prace rewitalizacyjne. Wprowadzono głównie rośliny siedlisk wodno-błotnych, usunię- to zaś gatunki roślinności synantropijnej. W oparciu o wyniki fizyczno-chemicznych analiz wody zbiornika oraz wód podziemnych i powierzchniowych w bezpo- średnim jego otoczeniu można wnioskować, iż funkcjonuje on jako naturalny biofiltr. Zmiana w obsadzie roślin z pewnością wzmocniła proces oczyszczania wód, przepływających poprzez zbiornik do Zalewu. Po przeprowadzonych pracach rewitalizacyjnych mały zbiornik wodny krajobrazu rolniczego zyskał nowe wartości ekologiczne i estetyczne.

15

An attempt to assess the impact of anthropopressure on the ecological state of urbanised watercourses of Krakow conurbation and the difficulties encountered

75%

Wardas M. , Aleksander-Kwaterczak U. , Jusik S. , Hryc B. , Zgola T. , Sztuka M. , Kaczmarska M. , Mazurek M.

Journal of Elementology

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2010

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tom 15

|

nr 4

725-743

EN

Rivers and streams in cities are treated as urbanised watercourses because of their significant transformation. Their load, channeling and incorporation into the water-sewerage infrastructure are often so considerable that such watercourses can hardly be recognised as an intrinsic component of surface waters. Anthropopressure, as reflected in quantitative and qualitative degradation caused by flow regulation and economic development in the drainage basin area, makes evaluation of the impact of human activity on the aquatic environment somewhat difficult. Based on the recommendations of the Water Framework Directive, an attempt has been made to assess the ecological state of selected tributaries of the Prądnik-Białucha River within the Krakow Conurbation. Aquatic environment sampling of the Sudół Dominikański (Rozrywka) watercourse was performed (September 2005) in order to determine some physicochemical, chemical and biological parameters, paying particular attention to macrophytes. The parameters measured on site: pH, electrolytic conductivity and Eh of water and bottom sediments, and sozological observations, were subjected to analysis. In the laboratory, concentrations of heavy metals, both in water and in solid particles (sediments and suspended matter) and anions in water were determined. The environmental state of the Sudół Dominikański watercourse was compared with that in the area of the Prądnik-Białucha River valley, for which an assessment had been conducted in the previous year (September 2004).

PL

Rzeki i strumienie w miastach, wskutek ich znacznego przekształcenia, traktuje się jako cieki zurbanizowane. Często ich obciążenie i zabudowa infrastrukturą wodno-kanalizacyjną są tak znaczne, że trudno nadal uznawać je za jednolite części wód powierzchniowych. Antropopresja przejawiająca się degradacją ilościową i jakościową w wyniku regulacji przepływu i zagospodarowania zlewni powoduje, że ocena skali wpływu działalności człowieka na środowisko wodne nie jest prosta. Na podstawie zaleceń Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej podjęto próbę oceny stanu ekologicznego wybranych dopływów rzeki Prądnik-Białucha, w obrębie Krakowskiego Zespołu Miejskiego. Wykonano opróbowanie środowiska wodnego cieku Sudół Dominikański (Rozrywka – wrzesień 2005 r.), w kierunku określenia niektórych elementów fizykochemicznych, chemicznych oraz biologicznych, szczególnie zwracając uwagę na makrofity. Analizie poddano mierzone w terenie wskaźniki: pH, PEW i Eh wody i osadów dennych oraz obserwacje sozologiczne. W laboratorium zmierzono zawartość metali ciężkich zarówno w wodzie, jak i cząstkach stałych (osadach i zawiesinach) oraz zawartość anionów w wodzie. Stan środowiska cieku Sudół Dominikański porównano ze stanem w rejonie doliny rzeki Prądnik-Białucha, dla której ocenę wykonano rok wcześniej (wrzesień 2004 r.).

16

Distribution of epiphytic bacteria on the surface of selected species of helophytes and nimpheides from the littoral zone of the Southern part of Jeziorak Lake in Poland

75%

Lalke-Porczyk E. , Donderski W.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2003

|

tom 12

|

nr 1

EN

Research was carried out on the total number of bacteria and the number of heterotrophic epiphytic bacteria occurring on the surface of four selected species of freshwater macrophytes predominant in the littoral zone of the southern part of Lake Jeziorak. The highest numbers of bacteria inhabiting the studied plants were found on the surface of the stems of lesser reedmace, and the lowest numbers on the surface of leaves of floating pond-weed. It was shown that the number of epiphytic bacteria depends on the species of plant, which fragment of it, and the season in which the research is conducted. The results obtained are illustrated with photographs taken under a scanning electron microscope.

17

The concentration of Fe in the aquatic plants in Wadag Lake on Olstynian Lakeland

75%

Grzybowski M.

Biological Bulletin of Poznań. Supplement

|

1996

|

tom 33

18

The concentration of Cu in the aquatic plants in Wadag Lake on Olstynian Lakeland

75%

Grzybowski M.

Biological Bulletin of Poznań. Supplement

|

1996

|

tom 33

19

Algae accompanying macrophytes in a hydroponic lagoon [third stage of sewage purification]

75%

Rakowska B. , Sitkowska M.

|

tom 34

|

nr Suppl.3

20

Response of periphyton community to salinity gradient in tropical estuary, Niger Delta

75%

Chindah A. C.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2004

|

tom 52

|

nr 1

EN

Studies on periphyton of Crinium plants were conducted in the estuary (New Calabar River) of the Niger Delta at 4 different locations during the two major seasons (rainy and dry season). Periphyton samples were collected from an area (of 2 cm by 2 cm) in 3 sets of 3 replicates for biomasses (AFDW-ash free dry weight and chlorophyll a) and for numerical abundance. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, hardness and salinity were also collected from the respective stations. Temperature was considerably uniform but conductivity, hardness and salinity showed increasing graduation in concentration down stream. A total of 110 periphyton species were recorded with diatoms constituting 54% of the occurring species followed by Euglenophyta (21%), Chlorophyta (17%), Cyanophyceae (6%) and Rhodophyta (1.8%). There were strong similarities in the values obtained for species richness, periphyton abundance, and chlorophyll a, AFDW (ash free dry weight) for wet and dry season indicating no seasonal influence. However, the periphyton abundance, chlorophyll a and ash free dry weight distribution suggested strongly influence by the salinity gradient. The values for periphyton abundance ranged from 2621 (±168.5) to 3452.8 (±715.9) indiv. cm⁻². In addition, the combined mean values for chlorophyll a, and ash free dry weight in the system were 8.443 ± 2.51 mg cm⁻² and 0.32 ± 0.07 g cm⁻², respectively.