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Aquapores in lymnaeid snails

100%

Pienkowska J. R. , Tomkowiak E. , Lesicki A.

Folia Malacologica

2012

tom 20

nr 1

Radix spp.: Identification of trematode intermediate hosts in the Czech Republic

80%

Hunova K. , Kasny M. , Hampl V. , Leontovyc R. , Kubena A. , Mikes L. , Horak P.

Acta Parasitologica

2012

tom 57

nr 3

Lymnaeid snails of the genus Radix serve as intermediate hosts of some schistosomes and fasciolids. In Europe, delineation of species within the genus Radix is unresolved and, therefore, spectrum of snail hosts susceptible to trematode infections is under discussion. We used and compared three criteria for species delineation using snails collected at 43 localities. (a) Sequence analysis of ITS-2 rDNA disclosed that the collected snails belong to four species — R. auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758), R. peregra (Müller, 1774), R. lagotis (Schrank, 1803) and R. labiata (Rossmaessler, 1835) (criteria and names are based on the work of Bargues et al. 2001). Occurrence of R. peregra in the Czech Republic was confirmed by molecular data for the first time. (b) Characterization of reproductive system disclosed differences in location, size and shape of bursa copulatrix and its ductus. Unfortunately, some R. labiata specimens shared morphological features of reproductive organs with R. lagotis. (c) Statistical analysis of shell morphology proved that significant differences exist among particular species. One prediction model showed that correct classification of species may be achieved in 82-84% of cases. However, identification of individual snails in the field (without knowledge of respective snail population and use of statistical tools) still remains a complicated issue due to overlaps of shell characteristics. Concerning the role in trematode transmission, R. lagotis, R. labiata and R. peregra are susceptible to Trichobilharzia regenti. Also, successful experimental infections of R. lagotis and R. labiata by Fascioloides magna were accomplished.

Distributional outline of lymnaeid snails [Gastropoda] in the fascioliasis endemic area of Mazandaran, Iran

80%

Moghaddam A. S. , Massoud J. F. , Mahmoodi M. , Khoubbane M. , Artigas P. , Periago M. V. , Fuentes M. V. , Bargues M. D. , Mas-Coma S.

Acta Parasitologica

2004

tom 49

nr 2

In Iran, more than 100 humans and many livestock species have shown to be infected in the northern province of Mazandaran, at the Caspian Sea shore. This picture suggested the need for further multidisciplinary studies to ascertain the extent of the problematics. Three species of lymnaeids were found throughout most of Mazandaran: Lymnaea (Stagnicola) palustris, a secondary intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica; Galba truncatula, the main intermediate host of F. hepatica: and Radix gedrosiana, a member of the auricularia complex transmitting F. gigantica. Environmental microhabitat requirements are different for the three species, but sometimes the three were found in the same locality. The geographical distribution of the three lymnaeids agrees with the distribution of human and animal fascioliasis, differences in fascioliasis prevalences between western and eastern Mazandaran not appearing to be related with lymnaeids. Moreover, the overlapping distributions of G. truncatula and R. gedrosiana also agree with the overlapping distributions of F. hepatica and F. gigantica detected in Mazandaran animals. Although the three lymnaeid species may be found in all the months, interesting differences were detected. Whereas L. (S.) palustris appears to be more or less stable throughout the year, with only one acrophase around June, G. truncatula and R. gedrosiana showed an evident biseasonal distribution, with abundance and population density peaks in spring-beginning of summer and autumn. Such lymnaeid population biseasonality suggests a higher contamination risk by the two fasciolid species for both humans and animals in these two seasons and the corresponding detection of an increase of acute human cases attending the health centres. However, lymnaeid population dynamics do not explain the main peak of human diagnosed patients in the February-March period in Mazandaran. Peculiar culinary habits, as the custom of producing and stocking the traditional "delar" and its use as condiment sauce for many vegetables and food, may explain this chronological disagreement, tacking into account the long viability that fasciolid metacercariae can reach.