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3 2015

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Experimental testing of influence of commercial depressants on diesel fuels low temperature properties

100%

Baczewski K. , Szczawiński P. , Kamińska M.

tom Vol. 22, No. 1

7--14

The types and action mechanism of depressant additions, which improves the properties of diesel fuels in low temperatures, were presented. The results of a sixteen different depressants influence on cloud point (CP) and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of diesel fuels ONA without additions are given in following elaborate. The depressants were applied to samples of diesel fuel in concentration between 500 and 5000 ppm. The present paper shows correlation of diesel fuels ONA CFPP and ΔCFPP depression between depressants concentration. Only a part from the tested depressant additions has a significant impact on diesel fuel cloud filter plugging point at concentration recommended by their manufacturers. Moreover, some of the additions do not decrease the CFPP value. The depressants can be divided into three groups by their effectiveness: first, the ones which decreases greatly the CFPP (from 3 to 11 degrees) by adding only small amount of them (500 ppm), second, with almost no influence on CFPP values in smaller amounts (500 ppm) but reducing CFPP values in larger quantities (to 5000 ppm), third, with no influence on diesel fuels ONA CFPP even in large concentration. In conclusion, lowering the CFPP value depends on the kind of depressant and its concentration in diesel fuel and not on the diesel hydrocarbon composition with addition up to 7% of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME).

Low temperature properties of fuel mixtures of kerosene and fame type used to supply turbine engines in marine and other non-aeronautical applications

100%

Dzięgielewski W. , Gawron B. , Kulczycki A.

tom nr 2

101--105

A worldwide trend to popularise gradually increasing use of biofuels in various applications was a motivation for gaining interest in FAME as a commonly available biocomponent to fuels combusted in turbine engines. These engines are mainly used in aeronautics, but many of them are also used in other, non-aeronautical areas, including marine navigation. Specific conditions in which fuels are combusted in turbine engines used in these applications are the reason why fuel mixtures of kerosene and FAME type should reveal relevant low temperature characteristics. The article presents results of tests of low temperature properties of mixtures of the jet fuel Jet A-1 and methyl esters of higher fatty acids (FAME). The prepared mixtures contained different contents of FAME. The obtained results present changes of: viscosity, cloud point, pour point, crystallising point, and cold filter plugging point, depending on the percentage by volume of FAME. They also prove that the course of changes of low temperature properties of these mixtures is affected by chemical structure of the biocomponent.

Ocena właściwości niskotemperaturowych paliw zawierających biokomponent uzyskany z procesu estryfikacji tłuszczów zwierzęcych

63%

Łaczek T.

tom R. 71, nr 8

590--595

Artykuł przedstawia ocenę podatności na depresowanie próbek biopaliw B7 i B10 zawierających w składzie biokomponent pochodzący z procesu estryfikacji tłuszczów zwierzęcych. Wykorzystując ocenę właściwości niskotemperaturowych, tj. temperaturę zablokowania zimnego filtru CFPP, temperaturę mętnienia CP oraz test firmy Aral, przeprowadzono analizę efektywności dodatków depresujących stosowanych do biopaliw. W ramach wykonanych badań określono skuteczność działania czterech nowych pakietów depresujących typu WAFI (wax anti-settling flow improvers). W kolejnym etapie badań, na podstawie metodyki firmy Aral (test QSAA FKL 027), została przeprowadzona ocena stabilności właściwości niskotemperaturowych próbek z wybranymi depresatorami. Otrzymane wyniki pozwoliły określić efektywność dozowanych do biopaliw dodatków depresujących WAFI, zawierających estry pochodzące z przeróbki odpadowych tłuszczów zwierzęcych.

This article contains the evaluation of the susceptibility to the use of depressants in biofuels B7 and B10 samples, containing a biocomponent obtained by the esterification of animal fats. Using the evaluation of low-temperature properties, cold filter plugging point (CFPP), cloud point (CP) and Aral’s test, analysis of depressing additives effectiveness used in biofuels was done. Within the confines of tests performed, the operating effectiveness of four new depressing packages of WAFI type (Wax-Anti-Settling-Flow Improvers) was determined. During the next investigation stage, based on the Aral method – QSAA FKL 027, the evaluation of the low temperature properties stability, of the samples with chosen depressants was performed. Results obtained enabled to choose the most effective WAFI depressing additives, dosed into biofuels containing esters obtained from the processing of waste animal fats.