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Early farming adaptation in the Wiśnicz Foothills in the Carpathians. Settlements at Łoniowa and Żerków

100%

Valde-Nowak P.

Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie

2009

tom 1

15-35

Excavations conducted in 2003 - 2006 at the early Neolithic settlement Łoniowa 80, led to the unveiling of the relics of a long post house connected with Linear Pottery Culture (Želiezovcé phase). Inside, two pits with a contour similar to the rectangular were discovered in the stratigraphic relationship with traces of the house construction. On this basis, we can be sure that both pits were created during the construction or re-construction of the house. At least one of the pits (no. 23), due to the set of artefacts (goblet of a "delicate work", a 12-element flint deposit, two trapezes of Jurassic Cracovian flint), can be considered a grave. In addition, the features of the Malice culture were also discovered; they belong to its classical phase. The second settlement at Żerków provided also materials dated at the Želiezovcé phase of the Linear Pottery Culture. A part of the post longhouse was also unearthed here. The peculiarity of the ceramic from Żerków is the ornament of notch, consisting of three to five holes. This type of ornament has not been detected at Łoniowa house. Both these sites, as well as several neighboring ones, are located in the highest zone of the landscape – on the culmination of hilly ranges. This is a deviation from the typical locating of Linear Pottery Culture sites almost exclusively in the lower parts of slopes and terraces. It can be assumed that the villages developing on the culmination of the Wiśnicz Foothills formed the local settlement network. Extremely small territorial distance between settlements under discussion (ca. 1 km) is probably the result of the fragmentation of the foothills surface. In such an approach they can be treated as one big village consisting of several hamlets. Taking into account the high raw-material potential and the high level of flint technology represented by discovered flint assemblages, we can assume that the settlement was an important point in the route along the Dunajec and Poprad rivers.

Some Remarks on Social and Symbolic Significance of the Early Neolithic Longhouses Based on the Applications and Spatial Distribution of Ground Stone Type Tools. The Case of the Linear Pottery Sites from Lesser Poland

100%

Szydłowski M.

Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

2022

tom 17

7-23

This article attempts to present some aspects of the spatial reconstruction, modes of use, and social relations in the longhouse settlements of the Linear Pottery culture (LBK) by means of a contextual distributional analysis of ground stone artefacts. Three LBK settlement complexes from Lesser Poland (southern Poland) were selected for analysis based on a considerable number of finds of ground stone tools yielded by the excavations. Accurate determination of the intended use of a stone object, as indicated by the traces of use on its surface, was of central importance. Based on the above data, the author has distinguished two types of household sectors in LBK settlements with longhouses, namely domestic and communal. It is argued that the inhabitants of a given longhouse used the domestic sector for their purposes, while the latter served the community. Significant differences in the proportions of ground stones were found between settlements and between the settlement phases of a village. This leads the author to consider whether there might have been specialized settlements for a particular microregion in addition to the function served by a single longhouse. Each settlement would have specialized in different household tasks.

Długie domy społeczności kultury ceramiki wstęgowej rytej na Ziemi Chełmińskiej: technika podwójnych słupów

100%

Werra D.

Archeologia Polski

2012

tom 57

nr 1-2

113-132

The issue of longhouses of Linear Pottery Culture communities and the double-post technique used in their construction has been discussed in European archaeological writing since the interward period. House remains are known also from the Chełmno region of Poland, which is situated on the northeastern fringes of the Linear Pottery Culture ecumene. Archaeological remnants of longhouses have been recorded on three sites in this region: Boguszewo, Grudziądz district, site 43a, Bocień, Toruń district, site 5 and Lisewo, Chełmno district, site 31. The double-post technique used in building was discovered at site 31 in Lisewo, justifying the present discussion of the origins and chronology of occurrence of the technique in outer walls of Linear Pottery Culture architecture. It is demonstrated in the article that longhouses making use of the said building technique are not limited to communities attributed to the terminal phase of Linear Pottery Culture development and post-Linear Pottery Culture.