Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

ЯЗЫКОВАЯ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ МЕЖДУ ОБЩЕСТВОМ И ГОСУДАРСТВОМ В ОЧЕРКАХ АНДРЕ ЖИДА ВОЗВРАЩЕНИЕ ИЗ СССР И ПОПРАВКИ К МОЕМУ «ВОЗВРАЩЕНИЮ ИЗ СССР»

100%

Кулагина О.

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2019

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tom 13

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nr XIII

153-160

PL

For a long time André Gide had been considered as one of the loyal "friends of the U.S.S.R.". However, after his trip to the Soviet Union in 1936, he published essays in which he expressed his strong disappointment. In this article main lan-guage features that are used for the transmission of the author’s impressions from the journey are analyzed, in particular the degree of interference of the to-talitarian state in the citizens’ life and the consequences of this interference.

2

What makes a system less graphical?

88%

Shimojima A.

Machine Graphics and Vision

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2003

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tom Vol. 12, No. 1

99-115

EN

Certain representation systems, loosely called "linguistic" ones, seems to lack the inferential efficiency, the expressive inflexibility, and the expressive richness possessed by certain other systems, loosely called "graphical ones. This paper investigates the semantic mechanism underlying this intuitive phenomenom, and attributes a reason to the fact that semantic interpretation in "linguistic" systems is only applied to fairly specific properties of representations.

3

ЭТНОСТЕРЕОТИПЫ И ИХ ПРАВДИВОСТЬ ВО ФРАНЦУЗСКОЙ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ

88%

Кулагина О.

|

2016

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tom 10

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nr -

507-514

RU

This paper deals with linguistic representation of ethnic heterostereotypes in French literature of the XIX century. The texts under analysis are "Journey from Paris to Jerusalem" by F.-R. de Chateaubriand and "Journey to the East" by G. de Nerval. Ethnic stereotypes associated with both physical and moral portrait of representatives of other cultures are examined in the paper.

4

ЯЗЫКОВАЯ РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ОППОЗИЦИИ «ВЗРОСЛЫЕ – ДЕТИ» В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ ЖАКА ПРЕВЕРА

75%

Кулагина О.

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2017

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tom 11

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nr XI

63-72

RU

This paper deals with linguistic representation of relationship between adults and children in Jacques Prévert’s oeuvre. The texts under analysis are poems from seven collections published at different periods. Various ways of transmissing the conflict between childhood and maturity, which is also the one between youth and old age, are examined in the paper.

5

Les stéréotypes culturels dans Une année chez les Français de Fouad Laroui

75%

Kulagina O.

Romanica Silesiana

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2019

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tom 16

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nr 2

211-220

EN

This paper deals with the linguistic representation of cultural stereotypes that greatly influence the interaction of French and Moroccan cultures in the novel A Year with the French (2010) by Fouad Laroui, a Moroccan-Dutch French-language writer, as the multicultural and autobiographical character of his work makes this text a particularly interesting and credible study material. We are going to put under analysis the linguistic means used to translate the stereotyped view of each culture by the other and the representation of autostereotypes and heterostereotypes. Finally, we will define the impact of these stereotypes on the communicative behaviour of the representatives of the two cultures in question, in particular their way of either becoming more enclosed in their own identity or, on the contrary, of overcoming differences and finding common ground.

6

A Note on Nonemptiness of Cognitive Semantics for Linguistic Representations of Modal Equivalence

75%

Katarzyniak R. , Więcek D.

Computational Methods in Science and Technology

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2018

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tom Vol. 24, No. 4

301--315

EN

In this paper we deal with an original model of technically oriented cognitive semantics of modal equivalences, stated in semi-controlled natural languages and used as surface linguistic representations of internal knowledge states of artificial autonomous systems. The cognitive semantics is defined to support generation of natural language statements extended with auto-epistemic operators of modality, representing subjectively experienced certainty, strong belief and week belief of the autonomous system that the relationship between occurrence of two chosen properties in a real object is the logical equivalence relation. An internal architecture of the autonomous system is briefly presented with particular emphasis on computational modules responsible for verification of compliance of current knowledge processing states with states described by the cognitive semantics as proper for application of a particular case of modal equivalence. The major issue discussed in the paper concerns an original theory of grounding of modal equivalences in empirical knowledge resources, encapsulated in the autonomous system. The whole theory consists of theorems describing basic and advanced properties of the cognitive semantics. In the paper, the attention is limited to presentation and proof of four theorems about nonemptiness of the proposed cognitive semantics. The research results cover the next stage of some research and development efforts, concerning the technical implementation of cognitive computing models, describing the artificial generation of semi-natural languages by the interactive autonomous system to describe their encapsulated knowledge resources.

7

Struktura pojęcia „nadzieja” i jego zróżnicowanie

63%

Gawda B.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio J – Paedagogia-Psychologia

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2018

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tom 31

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nr 4

EN

This study attempts to show the structure of the concept of “hope” basing on the technique affective verbal fluency. Literature presents many theories of hope. Hope is defined as a motivational-cognitive construct, personality trait, and as prospective emotion. The newest conception by A.M. Krafft proposes the holistic view of hope which is rooted in values system and personality. In order to describe the cognitive structure of the concept of hope affective verbal fluency technique was used. A sample of 136 adult participants from the general population was investigated. The linguistic material was analyzed in terms of qualitative and quantitative aspects. The crucial was to identify semantic clusters. Then, the hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted which revealed two main components of the concept of hope, affective and cognitive. Next, the cluster analysis k-means method was used which showed the differentiation of hope concepts in different people/profiles of hope concept. Results indicate that affective verbal fluency technique is useful in the description of the structure of hope concept and the differentiation of this concept. The results basing on language showed lay-concept of hope which is consistent with scientific views of hope. The analysis of linguistic material allows describing differentiation of how lay people perceive hope.

PL

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie struktury pojęcia „nadzieja”, wyłonionej na podstawie techniki afektywnej fluencji werbalnej. W literaturze przedmiotu istnieje wiele koncepcji nadziei. Definiowana jest jako konstrukt motywacyjno-poznawczy, cecha osobowości oraz emocja prospektywna. Najnowsza koncepcja A.M. Kraffta ujmuje nadzieję holistycznie jako konstrukt wkomponowany w system wartości i osobowość człowieka. W celu dokonania opisu struktury tego pojęcia wykorzystano technikę afektywnej fluencji werbalnej. Badaniami objęto 136 osób dorosłych. Materiał językowy poddano jakościowym i ilościowym analizom. Kluczowe było wyodrębnienie klasterów semantycznych. Wykonano hierarchiczną analizę skupień, która ujawniła dwa główne komponenty struktury omawianego pojęcia: afektywny i poznawczy. Z kolei analiza skupień metodą k-średnich wykazała istnienie profili pojęcia „nadzieja”, tj. zróżnicowanie struktury tego pojęcia u różnych osób. Wyniki wskazują, iż technika afektywnej fluencji werbalnej pozwala na ukazanie zarówno struktury, jak i zróżnicowania pojęcia nadziei. Uzyskane dane ukazują zbliżone komponenty potocznego pojęcia nadziei do tych wykazywanych w naukowej literaturze przedmiotu. Analiza języka pozwala zatem na ukazanie tego, w jak zróżnicowany sposób ludzie pojmują nadzieję.