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Mapy na kartkach pocztowych jako źródło informacji o krajobrazie

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Kulczyk S.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

2012

tom nr 16

241--250

Kartki pocztowe są istotnym elementem ikonografii turystycznej, ale stosunkowo rzadko stanowią przedmiot badań naukowych. Oprócz zdjęć i rysunków na pocztówkach umieszcza się również mapy i nawiązujące do nich obrazy. To szczególne źródło kartograficzne wydaje się stanowić ważny zasób informacji o krajobrazie. Na podstawie analizy treści grupy współczesnych map opublikowanych w formie kart pocztowych omówiono przedstawiono charakter zawartych na nich informacji o krajobrazie oraz zaproponowano typologię tego typu obrazów kartograficznych.

Postcards form an important part of tourism iconography. Not only photographs and pictures, but also various types of cartographic images are displayed on them. However indispensable in tourism practice, postcards are rarely a subject of scientific research. This specific source of cartographic images could be an interesting source of information on landscape. Basing on rich material of contemporary cartographic postcards the content analysis has been conducted and the typology of such images has been proposed.

Between tradition and modernity of the cultural landscape research. Discussion on methodology

100%

Myga-Piątek U.

tom nr 9

75--91

At present, geographic work, and landscape research in particular, is carried out basing on three coexistent paradigms. The first is the classical paradigm arising from the neo-positivist orientation with scientistic approach. Representatives of this approach follow the rule of objectivity and independence of perception of the object (landscape) in relation to the observer (subject). The principal determinant of this approach is methodological unity and rationalism based on the rules of quantitative, mathematical-statistical description. Foremost among others, this trend is representted by followers of the eastern school of landscape research, named “landshaftovedeniye”. Among the classical followers of this approach, there were L.. S. Berg, N. A. Solontsev, A. G. Isachenko, F. N. Milkov, D. L. Armand, V. J. Preobrazhensky, A. I. Perelman, N. A. Gvozdetsky. The second is the system paradigm, which develops as a modification rather than opposition to the first approach. In this aspect, studies of systems (geosystems) have become a new cognitive criterion. Its principal assumption is the holistic concept of nature. Studies of the landscape as a geosystem present the structuraldynamic and functional aspects. This trend is widely noticeable in papers by authors of landscape syntheses created within the scope of interdisciplinary landscape ecology, which is very popular currently (papers by A. Richling, M. Pietrzak, K. Ostaszewska, J. Solon, Forman and Godron, W.B. Soczawa, among other authors). The third is the humanist paradigm, which develops along with the system paradigm. It points out the role of man in the process of landscape shaping and its cultural conditions in a particular environmental context, thus referring to the idea of unity of nature and culture. It is based on papers by leading possibilists, including P. Vidal de la Blache (1922), and the so-called landscape approach, represented in Polish geography by S. Nowakowski, M. Dobrowolska, F. Bujak, or J. and F. Plit, among others. Coexistence of those paradigms results in discrepancies in understanding and interpretation of the landscape. The presentation will show the current stage of research and prospected further studies of cultural landscape resulting from the possible combination of the classicist approach of humanist geography and use of new research methods and sources.