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PL
Badania wykonano na 28 cielętach w wieku 14 dni. Cielętom podawano preparat chromowy, w dawce 0,5 mg/szt. przez 5 dni przed i 5 dni po transporcie. U cieląt żywionych paszą z dodatkiem chromu, zanotowano niższą ogólną liczbę leukocytów i limfocytów we krwi. Przeprowadzona analiza histologiczna narządów wewnętrznych cieląt wykazała niewielkie zmiany w obrębie płuc, wątroby, grasicy oraz jelicie biodrowym.
EN
The purpose of this research was to define of the influence of organic chrome supplement on the selected blood cells and organs' tissues of calves, which were under the transport stress. The examination was executed on 28 calves, which were 14 days old. The calves ware being fed by chrome preparation in the dose of 0,5 mg per one calf per day during 5 days before and after transportation. Calves, being fed with the chrome supplemented fodder had lower rate jof leukocytes and lymphocytes in blood. The histological analysis of calves internal organs revealed small changes in lungs, liver, thymus and ileum.
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EN
Preslaughter handling of poultry includes such activities as feed withdrawal, catching the birds on the farm, loading them into transport containers, and transporting them to the slaughterhouse. Within a relatively short time of preslaughter handling, the birds are subjected to a number of negative stimuli that are new to them. Sudden food and water withdrawal, contact with people, brutal removal, change of environment, upset flock hierarchy, noise, traffic, and unfavorable environmental conditions, shake the natural balance of the organism and cause stress. Stress stimuli are received in many areas of the brain, activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system, which release a number of substances affecting the state of mobilization of the body in order to defend against the stressor. This results in a changed behavior of birds, actuates a series of metabolic pathways in order to obtain energy, and stimulates the immune system. As a result, there are changes in many physiological parameters, such as the heart rate, body temperature, and the concentration of hormone and energy substances. The research conducted in the Division of Meat Technology at the SGGW in Warsaw showed that prolonged transport and high temperatures during preslaughter transport strained the organisms of chickens and led to stress.
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