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Content available Propozycja nowych krosien malarskich
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EN
In v iew o f con se rv a tion requirements and h e r e to fo r e a ch iev em en ts, the author p rop o se s n ew con stru c tion s o f display and auxiliary p ainting screens. O ver ten basic fea tu res o f th e se w e ll-d e sign ed pain tin g sc reens m e e t c o n tem p o rary dem ands. T h e presented display screen is made entirely o f metal, its arms are o f aluminium and the remaining e lem en ts are steel. T he auxiliary screen use s metal for m ou n ting the canvas and regulating its strain, w h ile the arms are are w o o d e n . Both types apply n ew m e th od s o f m oun tin g the canvas and n ew systems o f r egulating the strain by using sc rews w h ich make it possib le to corre ct the strain o f the canvas in tw o d irections and in an unhampered and fluid manner. T h e w h o le op e ra tion b e c om e s simple and c o n v en ien t. T h e author for e se e s tw o type s o f such regulation for the auxiliary screen: based on a single„frame or tw o - frame structure. T h e latter enables the regulation o f each side separately. Str etching the canvas o n the screen is a simple, quick and effic ien t op e ra tion p e r fo rm ed by applying uniform pressure a lon g the w h o le length o f its sides, eliminating the unfavourable e ffe c ts o f the traditionally used small nails. The free space obta in ed thanks to the n ew m e th od o f placing the canvas o n the oute r sid e s o f the screen arms makes it possible to utilise it for multiple con se rv a tion undertakings, such as d ou b lin g on a vacuum table. Both type s o f the screen can be disassem bled. T h e ease o f the assembly and disassembly o f the auxiliary sc reen, to g e th e r w ith the p ossibility o f changing its size means that it can be used as a portable device. Both discussed sc reens can be o f great use for a more e ffe ctive p ro te c tion o f paintings against damage , as w e ll as eliminate unfavourable factors and facilitate the w o rk o f conse rvator s.
EN
Contemporary conservation o f easel paintings executed on canvas attaches increasing importance to the application o f suitable painting frames, both exposition and auxiliary, employed for conservation purposes. Attention is paid to their considerable impact upon the state o f the preservation o f the paintings. Even a brief review o f the development of the frames indicates how much has been accomplished for the elimination o f the negative effects caused by them. The nineteenth and, in particular, the twentieth century witnessed the appearance o f numerous new frame constructions. Some were devised as rather complicated equipment whose task was an automatic adaptation to changes in the paintings caused by micro-climatic conditions. The analysis o f various types o f frames shows that their construction and functioning can prevent the destruction o f the paintings, albeit not totally. This fact is connected with the imperfection o f the base i.e. the canvas, which relatively easily succumbs to micro-climatic oscillations. In the majority o f cases, the presented types o f frames, especially the most modern ones, do not accelerate the process o f aging and damage; nonetheless, they too do not prevent the natural aging o f paintings. A large group o f the new constructions can be used, apart from their exposition function, as auxiliary frames for conservation. Such purely auxiliary frames are the object o f studies. The contemporary constructions of specialist frames, either exposition or auxiliary, are to a growing extent made o f metal.
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