Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Znaczenie wybranych wyrobisk w krajobrazie i turystyce Pogórza Cieszyńskiego

100%

Kasprowska-Nowak K.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego PTG

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2014

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nr 26

2

Kurhany - dziedzictwo kultury w krajobrazie antropogenicznym strefy stepow i lasostepu - oczami archeologa i botanika

84%

Rowinska A. , Sudnik-Wojcikowska B. , Moysiyenko I. I.

Wiadomości Botaniczne

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2010

|

tom 54

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nr 3-4

7-20

3

Krajobrazowe i botaniczne walory nieczynnego kamieniołomu Lipówka w Rudnikach koło Częstochowy

84%

Śliwińska-Wyrzychowska A. , Bogdanowicz M. , Musielińska R. , Bąbelewska A. , Witkowska E.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2014

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tom nr 26

45--55

PL

Celem niniejszej pracy była krajobrazowa i botaniczna charakterystyka nieczynnego kamieniołomu wapienia Lipówka. Badania miały charakter inwentaryzacyjny. Po zaprzestaniu wydobycia w 1989 r., na terenie kamieniołomu wapienia Lipówka wykształciła się mozaika zróżnicowanych siedlisk lądowych i wodnych; jego obszar zajmowany jest przez roślinność pojawiającą się naturalnie jak i nasadzoną w ramach zabiegów rekultywacyjnych. Na terenie kamieniołomu obserwujemy urozmaicony krajobraz – występują płaskie, wklęsłe i wypukłe formy przekształcenia terenu. Większa część kamieniołomu porośnięta jest przez roślinność średnich stadiów sukcesyjnych natomiast ściany skalne pokryte są roślinnością w początkowych fazach sukcesji. Na terenie kamieniołomu występuje 1 gatunek rośliny naczyniowej objęty ochroną całkowitą i 6 gatunków objętych ochroną częściową. Stwierdzono także szereg gatunków z krajowych i lokalnych czerwonych list. Wszystkie te fakty wskazują na duże walory przyrodnicze badanego obiektu.

EN

The aim of this study was landscape and botanical characteristics of closed limestone quarry Lipówka in Rudniki near Częstochowa. A mosaic of different terrestrial and aquatic habitats have developed in this place. Since the cessation of mining in 1989, the quarry area is occupied by vegetation – both the emerging and the fitted naturally within the reclamation treatments. The quarry landscape is varied (territorial and aquatorial geocomplex). Its area is composed by flat, concave and convex forms of terrain transformation. Rock walls are covered with vegetation at various stages of succession. In the area of the quarry there are 6 species of vascular plants that are strictly protected and 4 species that are partially protected. Many species which were found in the quarry are on local and national “red list of species”. All these elements contribute to the high nature values of the abandoned quarry.

4

Czy ochrona naturalnych procesów w przekształconym krajobrazie ma sens? Doświadczenia z planowania i realizacji ochrony Drawieńskiego Parku Narodowego

84%

Pawlaczyk P.

Przegląd Przyrodniczy

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2014

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tom 25

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nr 4

5

Krajobraz antropogeniczny, przestrzenie kreatywne a turystyka

84%

Stryjakiewicz T.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2010

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tom nr 14

52--62

PL

Ekspansja działalności gospodarczej człowieka powoduje, że coraz większe obszary na kuli ziemskiej reprezentują typ krajobrazu antropogenicznego. Rodzi się pytanie, w jakim stopniu krajobrazy te stanowić mogą walor turystyczny lub środowisko rozwoju turystyki. W niniejszym artykule przedmiotem zainteresowania jest jeden ze składników krajobrazu antropogenicznego – tzw. przestrzenie kreatywne, związane najczęściej z unikatowymi obiektami i niestandardowymi działalnościami kulturalnymi. Przestrzenie kreatywne kształtują się poprzez zespolenie trzech elementów: obiektów, wydarzeń i ludzi twórczych. Wszystkie one wpływają na specyfikę krajobrazu antropogenicznego, tworzą niepowtarzalną atmosferę miejsc (genius loci), co w konsekwencji generuje ruch turystyczny. Artykuł prezentuje - na wybranych przykładach – związek między przeobrażeniami krajobrazów antropogenicznych a introdukcją działalności kreatywnych w odniesieniu do trzech typów krajobrazu: miejskiego, wiejskiego i przemysłowego.

EN

Human expansion results in the fact that ever greater areas of the Earth represent anthropogenic types of landscape. A question arises of the extent to which these landscapes can have a tourist value or can facilitate tourism development. This article focuses on one of the components of the anthropogenic landscape, viz. the socalled creative spaces. Creative spaces are usually connected with unique objects and non-standard cultural activities. They are shaped by a union of three elements: object, events and creative people. All of them contribute to the specificity of the anthropogenic landscape and give places their distinctive atmosphere (genius loci), which – as a result – generates tourist traffic. The article presents, using case studies, a connection between the change of anthropogenic landscapes and the introduction of creative activities in relation to three types of landscape: urban, rural and industrial.

6

Mining landscape as a type of cultural landscape

84%

Nita J.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2014

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tom nr 23

203--212

EN

Numerous inactive post-mining excavations left in the landscape do not introduce negative elements; quite contrary, they serve positive functions at present, so attributing the same negative impact to them is a misunderstanding. These are places of biodiversity, scenic diversity and geotourist or tourist attractiveness. Some of them are closely related to local history and create a peculiar form of cultural landscape, which is worth preserving.

PL

Liczne nieczynne wyrobiska pogórnicze pozostawione w krajobrazie nie wprowadzają do niego elementów negatywnych; wręcz przeciwnie, służą one podkreśleniu jego pozytywnej cech w chwili obecnej. Przypisując, więc ten sam wpływ negatywny zarówno czynnym jak i nieczynnym wyrobiskom jest nieporozumieniem. Są to miejsca, różnorodności biologicznej, geologicznej, geoturystycznej o dużej atrakcyjności turystycznej. Niektóre z nich są ściśle związane z lokalną historią i tworzyć swoistą formę krajobrazu kulturowego, które jest warte zachowania na równi z innymi.

7

Natural, anthropogenic and cultural landscape. An attempt to define mutual relations and the scope of notions

84%

Myga-Piątek U.

Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego

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2014

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tom nr 23

39--56

EN

The article aims to order and systemize basic notions related to landscape science. It discusses main research directions as well as mutual relations and notions of natural, anthropogenic and cultural landscape. The article sets forth suggested division and differentiation within these notions, and presents a critical approach to the suggested „narrowing” of research of cultural landscape in particular directions. The paper presents landscapes in an evolutionary approach. It also presents conclusions concerning features of cultural landscapes and the most desirable type of landscapes nowadays. The article has a review and polemic character.

PL

Artykuł poświęcony jest uporządkowaniu i usystematyzowaniu podstawowych pojęć z zakresu nauki o krajobrazie. Omawia dominujące nurty badawcze oraz wzajemne relacje i znaczenia krajobrazu przyrodniczego, kulturowego i antropogenicznego. W artykule przedstawiono propozycję podziałów i rozróżnień w obszarze tych kategorii pojęciowych i krytycznie odniesiono się do propozycji wąskiego „zamykania” badań nad krajobrazem kulturowym w określonych kierunkach. Artykuł prezentuje podejście ewolucyjne. Opisuje główne cechy i typy współczesnych krajobrazów. Tekst ma charakter przeglądowy i polemiczny.

8

Wielkie posiadłości ziemskie w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów i ich wpływ na dzisiejsze środowisko antropogeniczne

84%

Kowalski M.

Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej

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2012

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tom 1

113-138

EN

The heritage of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of Both Nations exerts until today an influence on the shape of the geographical environment of Poland and her eastern neighbours, this fact often not being noticed. A particularly strong imprint on the development of spatial structures results from the existence and functioning of the large feudal property. In the period of the Commonwealth, given the far-reaching decentralisation of authority in the country, such large landed properties enjoyed broad judicial and administrative, as well as economic autonomy. Their position and separate character were in many cases strengthened through the status of principality, entail or county. Under several aspects they reminded of the duchies existing at more or less the same time in the German Reich. Liquidation of the Commonwealth in 1795 brought limitations to the autonomy of the landed estates within the framework of the occupying powers, Russia, Prussia and Austria. They continued, though, to fulfil important administrative, cultural and economic functions. Until peasants were affranchised the landed estates had been the primary organiser of economic life and local administration on rural areas. After the affranchising acts the estates shrunk to the manor farms, employing farmhands, but they still played an essential socio-economic role. Their importance was particularly high under the Prussian occupation, where affranchising had limited dimensions, leaving in the hands of the manor farm owners a significant part of the estate from before (the Prussian way toward the capitalism in farming). In the course of introduction of the socialist system after the World War II, the majority of the landed estates and manor farms were transformed into the state farms, which dominated the landscape of the Polish countryside in many areas of the country. In view of the earlier situation in Prussia, this concerned in a particular manner the western part of the country. At the same time, the peasant family farms functioned, belonging to the successors of the affranchised peasants. Within the framework of the socialist system this sector was subject, as well, to supervision of the state administration and was included in the mechanisms of the socialist economy (e.g. obligatory supplies). Lack of civic tradition, which was especially perceptible on the areas of the former Russian occupation, and was, generally, a far-reaching consequence of the feudal serfdom, was definitely conducive to the introduction of this socialist variety of paternalism. It cannot be excluded that the heritage of feudalism was one of the more important factors facilitating the strengthening of the communist rule in Poland and in the neighbouring countries. The continuity of tradition of the separate socio-economic development of the individual landed estates exerted also influence on the development of characteristic cultural features, leading, in particular, to appearance of the distinct ethnographic groups, and to the development of a separate local and regional awareness. The autonomy of the owners of large estates in terms of religion in the times of the Commonwealth, brought about the differentiated denominational landscape on certain areas. The most striking reflection of these processes is constituted by the community of the Reformed Evangelicals, persisting until today, which developed in the northern part of Lithuania, in the Birże estate of the Protestant line of Radziwiłł family. The administrative separation of the large estates, functioning in many cases in an unchanged territorial form for several centuries, shaped also other elements of the contemporary socio-economic landscape. In the 19th century the landed estates and their internal divisions became the basis for development of the modern territorial administrative division of the country. The traces of these organisational solutions can still be perceived today, first of all in the form of the courses of boundaries of villages, municipalities and counties. Sometimes the existence of the large scale estates (like, e.g., the Zamoyski Entail) influenced the territorial shape of the present-day administrative provinces. The thus described role and significance of the large landed estates allows for considering them as an essential and characteristic element of the political and systemic, as well as socio-economic, order of the Commonwealth, exerting an influence through the consequences of its existence also on the contemporary forms of geographical environment.

PL

Artykuł podkreśla znaczenie wielkich posiadłości ziemskich w ramach systemu polityczno-ustrojowego i społeczno-gospodarczego Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Zwrócono również uwagę na utrzymujące się przez stulecia antropogeniczne formy przestrzenne, będące efektem szczególnie silnego oddziaływania wielkich posiadłości na kształt życia społeczno-gospodarczego. Wpływ ten można dziś dostrzec w sposobie zagospodarowania przestrzeni oraz w formach i przebiegu licznych zjawiskach o charakterze politycznym, kulturowym i gospodarczym w Polsce oraz u jej wschodnich sąsiadów.

9

Wielkie posiadłości ziemskie w Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów i ich wpływ na dzisiejsze środowisko antropogeniczne

67%

Kowalski M. , Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN

Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej

|

2012

|

tom 1

EN

The heritage of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of Both Nations exerts until today an influence on the shape of the geographical environment of Poland and her eastern neighbours, this fact often not being noticed. A particularly strong imprint on the development of spatial structures results from the existence and functioning of the large feudal property. In the period of the Commonwealth, given the far-reaching decentralisation of authority in the country, such large landed properties enjoyed broad judicial and administrative, as well as economic autonomy. Their position and separate character were in many cases strengthened through the status of principality, entail or county. Under several aspects they reminded of the duchies existing at more or less the same time in the German Reich. Liquidation of the Commonwealth in 1795 brought limitations to the autonomy of the landed estates within the framework of the occupying powers, Russia, Prussia and Austria. They continued, though, to fulfil important administrative, cultural and economic functions. Until peasants were affranchised the landed estates had been the primary organiser of economic life and local administration on rural areas. After the affranchising acts the estates shrunk to the manor farms, employing farmhands, but they still played an essential socio-economic role. Their importance was particularly high under the Prussian occupation, where affranchising had limited dimensions, leaving in the hands of the manor farm owners a significant part of the estate from before (the Prussian way toward the capitalism in farming). In the course of introduction of the socialist system after the World War II, the majority of the landed estates and manor farms were transformed into the state farms, which dominated the landscape of the Polish countryside in many areas of the country. In view of the earlier situation in Prussia, this concerned in a particular manner the western part of the country. At the same time, the peasant family farms functioned, belonging to the successors of the affranchised peasants. Within the framework of the socialist system this sector was subject, as well, to supervision of the state administration and was included in the mechanisms of the socialist economy (e.g. obligatory supplies). Lack of civic tradition, which was especially perceptible on the areas of the former Russian occupation, and was, generally, a far-reaching consequence of the feudal serfdom, was definitely conducive to the introduction of this socialist variety of paternalism. It cannot be excluded that the heritage of feudalism was one of the more important factors facilitating the strengthening of the communist rule in Poland and in the neighbouring countries. The continuity of tradition of the separate socio-economic development of the individual landed estates exerted also influence on the development of characteristic cultural features, leading, in particular, to appearance of the distinct ethnographic groups, and to the development of a separate local and regional awareness. The autonomy of the owners of large estates in terms of religion in the times of the Commonwealth, brought about the differentiated denominational landscape on certain areas. The most striking reflection of these processes is constituted by the community of the Reformed Evangelicals, persisting until today, which developed in the northern part of Lithuania, in the Birże estate of the Protestant line of Radziwiłł family. The administrative separation of the large estates, functioning in many cases in an unchanged territorial form for several centuries, shaped also other elements of the contemporary socio-economic landscape. In the 19th century the landed estates and their internal divisions became the basis for development of the modern territorialadministrative division of the country. The traces of these organisational solutions can still be perceived today, first of all in the form of the courses of boundaries of villages, municipalities and counties. Sometimes the existence of the large scale estates (like, e.g., the Zamoyski Entail) influenced the territorial shape of the present-day administrative provinces. The thus described role and significance of the large landed estates allows for considering them as an essential and characteristic element of the political and systemic, as well as socio-economic, order of the Commonwealth, exerting an influence through the consequences of its existence also on the contemporary forms of geographical environment.

PL

Artykuł podkreśla znaczenie wielkich posiadłości ziemskich w ramach systemu polityczno-ustrojowego i społeczno-gospodarczego Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodów. Zwrócono również uwagę na utrzymujące się przez stulecia antropogeniczne formy przestrzenne, będące efektem szczególnie silnego oddziaływania wielkich posiadłości na kształt życia społeczno-gospodarczego. Wpływ ten można dziś dostrzec w sposobie zagospodarowania przestrzeni oraz w formach i przebiegu licznych zjawiskach o charakterze politycznym, kulturowym i gospodarczym w Polsce oraz u jej wschodnich sąsiadów.