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Nekropolie wilanowskie : historia, problemy konserwatorskie

100%

Fijałkowski W.

1998

nr 3

218-227

The history of the residence of Jan III Sobieski, king of Poland, in Wilanow, located 10 kms to the south-east of the centre of Warsaw, dates back to the early Middle Ages. The beginnings of a settlement in this terrain are testified by an early mediaeval cemetery from the thirteenth-fourteenth century, discovered in 1955-1961 at the site of he later parish church, erected at the end of the fifteenth century. The transference of the church at the end of the seventeenth century to the west was accompanied by the establishment of a cemetery existing up to the first quarter of the nineteenth century. A new cemetery was created in 1816, far from the palace and village buildings and designed in the form of a small circle with a chapel-mausoleum in the centre (1824- 1826). In the mid-nineteenth century, the cemetery was expanded and given the form of a Greek cross which at the end of the century became a square with rounded edges. The original shape of the cemetery was deformed during the second world war. The first attempt at its regulation and harmonious development linked with the composition configuration of the royal residence in Wilanow was made after the war. Difficulties encountered by the realisation of this project led to a second design, proposed in 1996; its implementation should be favoured by the new sociopolitical conditions in Poland.