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Content available remote Ke konceptu minimální intervence
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EN
This article provides a theoretical and practical response to the so-called Concept of Minimal Intervention (CMI) first outlined in Cvrček (2008a), and later expanded upon in Cvrček (2008b). The theoretical part uses the analogy with Macura’s (1995) analysis of the early National Revival discourse and presents examples of (un)successful interventions into the language to provide textual proof that the CMI discourse consists of contradictory statements. It is thus revealed that the function of these statements is not to describe the phenomenon, but rather, to serve Cvrček’s own purpose: the negative depiction of language regulation and intervention into language. Presenting evidence from the language counselling service of the Czech Language Institute, the practical part demonstrates that CMI’s call for minimal intervention is not in accordance with the needs of the general public and that the means proposed to minimise intervention by linguists would not work as expected. A current view of the traditional concept of language cultivation, its terminology and methodology – refused by CMI – is also presented.
EN
In recent years the subject of feminine forms of surnames has become a topic of a heated debate in Czech and Slovenian society, taking control of public as well as language experts’ attention. While in Czech the option for women to choose the “masculine form” of surname is still relatively new and it is possible to have the surname without suffix -ov(á) registered only in specific, well-defined cases; in Slovenian the form of surname (in conjunction with the first name) without -ov(a) has been regarded as a fundamental and formal language principle. However, even in Slovenian the use of the generic masculine forms is called into question in specific occurrences. This paper focuses on different sorts of divergences in approaches to feminine forms of surnames in the Czech and Slovenian language system. They will be examined both in the statements of linguists (including the state of codification) and in the lay-persons attitudes (including feminist approach to language). As a valuable source for lay-persons attitudes are being used the databases of inquiries of the Czech and Slovenian language counselling services. Comparing the situation in related languages shows probable trends in feminine forms of Czech and Slovenian surnames. Being in close contact with language users is crucial for the detection and accurate description of any linguistic phenomenon in usage and its explanation in language handbooks. Therefore, this paper also highlights the importance of language counselling services.
EN
The Language Consultation Centre (LCC) of the Czech Language Institute has been offering telephone consultations for almost eighty years. During that time papers about the content of queries were published fairly regularly, but the interaction between callers and LCC employees was mostly disregarded (with a few recent exceptions). Therefore, this paper presents an analysis of the ways that the callers formulate their queries. For this purpose, I examined 102 language queries from 63 recordings of authentic phone calls to the LCC using the methodology of conversation analysis. In the queries I identified recurring components and divided them into seven categories based on their functions: thematizing knowledge deficit, defining the topic of the query, supporting or rejecting the solution, disclaiming authorship (of a “problematic” language form), justifying the query, providing additional information, and signalling transition to the next part of the utterance. This categorization proved that language queries are complex utterances that reflect the norms of the genre of telephone language consulting. In other words, the inquirers are well aware of what information they can present and how, and what they can expect from LCC employees in return.
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