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EN
Franz Theodor Kugler’s (1808–1858) work on the general history of art is well known owing to English and German speaking scholars. Researchers from outside Pomerania are less familiar (or not at all) with the content and significance of the Pommersche Kunstgeschichte published in 1840. The purpose of this article is to discuss the value of this publication. It is one of the first studies of Pomeranian art history in Europe and in the world. Kugler described the most important monuments of the region, especially those located in towns and along transportation routes, which he visited in the summer of 1839. Although he noticed that art in Pomerania originated in pagan times, he mainly demonstrated examples of Christian art from the period of the twelfth century onwards. Pomeranian art was thus Christian and Germanic to him. His analysis concludes with examples from the eighteenth, and a few from the nineteenth century. He was the first researcher to pose the question of the existence of Pomeranian art as a specific art, distinctive from others. In order to address this question he tried to identify its characteristics, which the article tries to point out. Many of Kugler’s theses were maintained and developed by Polish art historians after 1945, which proves the value of his intuition as a researcher. Kugler’s monograph laid the foundation for further research into Pomeranian art. Paradoxically, however, its existence delayed work on the first comprehensive inventory of the region’s historic sites because it was considered by some to be a quasi-inventory of historic monuments.
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Review of the book by Anna Sylwia Czyż, Bartłomiej Gutowski, „Podręcznik do inwentaryzacji polskich cmentarzy i nagrobków poza granicami kraju”, Narodowy Instytut Polskiego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego za Granicą POLONIKA, Warszawa 2021, ss. 210, il. 83, tabl. XXIV
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Recenzja książki Anny Sylwii Czyż i Bartłomieja Gutowskiego, „Podręcznik do inwentaryzacji polskich cmentarzy i nagrobków poza granicami kraju”, Narodowy Instytut Polskiego Dziedzictwa Kulturowego za Granicą POLONIKA, Warszawa 2021, ss. 210, il. 83, tabl. XXIV
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Students of the Geodesy Faculty of AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow organized in the years 1974.2001 fourteen scientific expeditions. The aim of each expedition was to perform surveying documentation of an object of the world cultural heritage in Europe, Asia and Africa. The objects covered by inventory were as follows: Koranic school El-Attarine in Fez (Marocco), citadel (Fig.3) in Aleppo (Syria), medieval school Mustansirija College in Bagdad (Iraq), amphitheatre Sabratha (Libya), Templar church in Segovia (Spain), Saint George rotunda in Thessaloniki (Greece), old city buildings (including Kevelaer, Germany), city walls of Kotor (Montenegro), Koranic school Bu Inania in Fez (Marocco), old wooden buildings in Bergen (Norway). Fig. 1, 3, 6, 7 present typical inventory documents . drawings in orthogonal projection, Fig. 2 presents horizontal section. Fig. 5 shows hard and dangerous inventory measurements (leveling measurement on citadel walls in Aleppo (Syria). The inventory works were partly ordered by UNESCO and documentations were handed down to this organization. The students. activity supported restoration of historical buildings in order to preserve them for the future generations.
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Digitization of documentation of white cards is currently a key aspect of preservation of national heritage. Destructive processes of archival documentation, escalation of acts of vandalism, consequences of war operations that have left their stamp on architectural objects as well as monuments of nature contributed to adaptation and introduction of the fifth form of national heritage, which is “digitization”. Digitization shall ensure the re-creation of not only lost national treasures in the future, but also shall enable researchers in architecture, archeologists, historians, conservators a research and an analysis of chosen objects and records related to it in a non-invasive and interactive way. Objects subject to digitization will be able to be analyzed more thoroughly since digital data rendered available by electronic means shall enable and facilitate an interdisciplinary research process. In the article, the author presents results that compare two methods for digitization of the chosen architectural object. Documentation consists in recording and preserving of the fragment of façade and the chosen architectural detail of the considered object. The object subject to analysis is the "Tenement under the singing frog" built in 1889-90 acc. to the project by Teodor Marian Talowski, in Kraków at Retoryki 1 St. For an analyzed example, research has consisted in application of photogrammetry and laser scanning methods to acquire information on spatial geometry of researched object and compare discrepancies of newly generated 3D models. The object presented has undergone a comparative analysis, based on which the key aspects have been isolated and then demonstrated in a graphic way, as well as specific issues related to them, such as precision and effect of distortion have been discussed. The objective of the work has been presentation of possibilities of practical application of photogrammetry as a cheaper method of digitization of architectural objects in relation to scanning method, applicable in digitization and preservation of national heritage consisting in development of new interactive documentation (white card).
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Content available remote Model gęsty od rzeźb i sztukaterii
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Artykuł omawia doświadczenia firmy Dephos w zakresie inwentaryzacji architektonicznej i malarskiej na przykładzie kościoła parafialnego w Michalicach na Opolszczyźnie. Przedstawia technologie fotogrametryczną oraz skanowanie laserowe jako sprawdzone narzędzie kompleksowej rejestracji geometrii oraz koloru. Zawiera opis możliwości tych technologii oraz ich przydatność. Omówiono etapy oraz efekty prac pomiarowych.
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The study presents advanced measurement methods used in the inventory of historic buildings, focused on the Potocki Palace in Krzeszowice. The paper addresses two main measurement methods that led to obtaining comprehensive and accurate documentation. The first technique was terrestrial laser scanning, using specialised laser scanners to collect data. In order to represent the actual colours and texture of the object under study, the scanning method was supported by photogrammetry. The second method was low-ceiling photogrammetry, which provided even more accurate data about the Palace. Data processing resulted in a three-dimensional (3D) solid, consisting of a multi-million-point cloud. This was followed by a vectorisation process, which made it possible to obtain a full-dimensional representation of the studied object. The results facilitated a detailed analysis of the Potocki Palace, including the identification of damage and changes occurring over the years. The resulting documentation provides a solid basis for future conservation, modernisation and research work related to the building. The paper also points out the potential applications of contemporary technologies in order to visualize inventoried objects. The technique of Virtual Reality (VR) and showing the object in 3D that has been popular so far, has recently found even broader application, providing input for the construction of the so-called Augmented Reality (AR).
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About Stanislaw Wyspiański’s Two Stays in the Lemkivshchyna Region Stanisław Wyspiański’s works are traditionally associated with Young Poland, belonging axiologically to the world of Western culture and Latin Christianity. Nevertheless, from his early youth the Artist took a keen interest in the Borderlands of the Republic of Poland, as well as the artistic culture of Eastern Christianity. Wyspiański’s familiarity with these issues was brought by a solo trip to Lviv and the surrounding areas, which he took in August 1887. Two years later, unexpectedly and rather accidentally, the Artist, together with Józef Mehoffer, found himself in the Lemko village of Królowa Ruska (today, Królowa Górna), where, during a two-day stay, he made a drawing and descriptive inventory of the seventeenth-century artistic furnishings of the interior of the local church, in addition to holding a consultation with the Lemkos and a Greek Catholic priest on the design of a new iconostasis for the temple. The second of Wyspiański’s stays in the Lemkivshchyna region took place in the summer of 1901, when the Artist and his family lived for five weeks in the Lemko town of Deszno, near Rymanow-Zdrój, in a house for patients that does not exist today. The field research conducted by the author of this article has made it possible not only to verify previous speculations on the question of where the Wyspiański family lived in 1901, but also to gather convincing factual material on the basis of which it is possible today to infer such matters with certainty.
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O dwóch pobytach Stanisława Wyspiańskiego na Łemkowszczyźnie Twórczość Stanisława Wyspiańskiego tradycyjnie wiązana jest z Młodą Polską, przynależąc aksjologicznie do świata kultury zachodniej oraz chrześcijaństwa łacińskiego. Mimo to Artysta od wczesnej młodości żywo interesował się Kresami Rzeczypospolitej, a także kulturą artystyczną chrześcijaństwa wschodniego. Znajomość tej problematyki przyniosła Wyspiańskiemu indywidualna wycieczka do Lwowa i okolic, którą odbył w sierpniu 1887 roku. W dwa lata później, nieoczekiwanie i raczej przypadkowo, Artysta, wraz z Józefem Mehofferem, znalazł się w łemkowskiej wsi Królowa Ruska (dzisiaj Królowa Górna), gdzie w ciągu dwudniowego pobytu rysunkowo i opisowo zinwentaryzował siedemnastowieczne wyposażenie artystyczne wnętrza miejscowej cerkwi, ponadto odbył naradę z Łemkami oraz księdzem greckokatolickim na temat projektu nowego ikonostasu do świątyni. Drugi z pobytów Wyspiańskiego na Łemkowszczyźnie miał miejsce w lecie 1901 roku, kiedy to Artysta wraz z rodziną mieszkał przez pięć tygodni w łemkowskim Desznie, opodal Rymanowa-Zdroju, w nieistniejącym dziś domu dla kuracjuszy. Badania terenowe, które przeprowadził autor artykułu, pozwoliły nie tylko zweryfikować dotychczasowe domysły w kwestii miejsca, gdzie Wyspiańscy zamieszkiwali w 1901 roku, ale też zebrać przekonujący materiał faktograficzny, na podstawie którego można dziś o tych kwestiach wnioskować w sposób pewny.
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