Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Badania milenijne Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii PAN w Sandomierzu i na ziemi sandomierskiej

100%

Buko A.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2017

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tom 65

187-198

EN

On the initiative of the Department for Studies on the Origins of the Polish State established in 1949 extensive archaeological excavations were undertaken throughout the country. Sandomierz with the whole its region was an important spot on the map of these research. Both historical places of worship and early urban centres dating back to the beginnings of the Polish State are located in the area. In the case of Sandomierz there are also written sources that prove the centre’s exceptional significance at the dawn of the State of the First Piasts. It is not surprising that the expectations of both historians and archaeologists towards excavations conducted in the town area and the entire region were high from the very beginning. In the paper the most significant results of archaeological research that took place in the Sandomierz region in the years 1958-1968 were discussed.

2

Retroaktywna „defaszyzacja faszyzmu” w interpretacji Emilio Gentilego

100%

Sondel-Cedarmas J.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2017

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tom 39

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nr 1

123-139

EN

The text is devoted to the concept of “retroactive trivialization of fascism” developed at the beginning of the 21st century by an Italian historian — Emilio Gentile. According to Gentile, the phenomenon of “banalization of fascism”, inaugurated in the postwar years in neo-fascist memorialism and continued by some of the contemporary historians, consists in: 1) negation of totalitarian character of Italian fascism and presenting it as an authoritarian dictatorship of traditionalistic type; 2) challenging the existence of “positive” fascist ideology, and in 3) characterizing Mussolini’s regime as a personal “duce” dictatorship created on the basis of traditional elites. In the Gentile’s concept, fascism constituted “an Italian road to totalitarianism”, was atotalitarian experiment having its own positive ideology and forming ademonstration of new, revolutionary, and totalitarian nationalism.

3

Carl Schmitt w polskich interpretacjach politologicznych (1984–2007)

75%

Święcicki Ł.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2019

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tom 41

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nr 4

133-161

EN

The article discusses Polish political-science interpretations of the German legal and political theorist Carl Schmitt. It gives an overview of the main literature published between the 1980s and 2000s. Polish political scientists became interested in Schmitt only after a period of intensive studies conducted by lawyers. Polish political science, ideologically oriented during the times of the communist regime, took its leading role in Schmitt’s reception with the transformation of Poland’s political system. Interestingly, the flow of new translations of Schmitt’s writings in the first decades of the century shifted the reception substantially and moved it towards more philosophical and theological interpretations. The interpretations present in the field of political science have been divided into two kinds based on different methodologies: the first, focused on Schmitt as a political theorist, which aims at introducing his substantial contributions to political science, and the second, which focuses on Schmitt as a representative of conservatism. The article may serve as a practical introduction to Polish political-science research on Schmitt.

4

„Wyznania antysemioty” - z semiotyki średniowiecznej kultury Europy Zachodniej

75%

Jakóbczyk S.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2011

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nr 3

195-210

PL

The purpose of this paper is to discuss extreme views on the sign (interpretable, hermeneutic) character of “humanist objects”, the so called artefacts, and the abuse of methodological choices which produce them. Apart from several introductory sen-tences, I shall remain, however, concerned with these objects, the thing in itself, rather than pseudo-philosophical meanderings “beyond the thing”. Simply, I would like to provide several examples, arguments against the criticised views.inning of the 1930s. Some of the travellers visited the state seeking to be reassured in their negative opinion. Others, in contrast, went there convinced that they travelled to a country of universal social justice. However, they did not realise to what an extent the programme of their visit depended on the Soviet propaganda machine. The combined reading of texts by Antoni Słonimski, Andre Gide, Melchior Wańkowicz and Bernard Shaw shows the USSR as a country whose directions of development are difficult to foresee.

5

Carl Schmitt w polskich interpretacjach prawniczych (1928–2008)

75%

Święcicki Ł.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2014

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tom 36

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nr 4

101 - 131

EN

The main objective of the paper is to present and discuss the main legal-theoretical interpretations of Schmitt’s thought that were carried out in Poland between 1928 and 2008. Leaving aside political or philosophical perspectives, the author examines one dimension of the reception of Carl Schmitt’s thought in Poland, i.e. the reception developed by legal theorists and historians. Schmitt, a renowned German legal theorist of the 20th century, was known to Polish legal science in the 1920s but his esteem was by far less than Kelsen’s. The fact which deeply influenced the pre-war (1930s) and post-war reception of his theories in Poland was his access to the Nazi movement. In the following decades Schmitt was morally condemned as a‘Kronjurist’ of the Third Reich. In the 1990s theorists began to interpret his thought in amore neutral, value-free way.

6

Zbrodnia Raskolnikowa – wieczna zagadka

65%

Kruszelnicki M.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2017

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nr 13

EN

The article focuses on one of the major mysteries concealed in Fyodor Dostoevsky’s oeuvre up to the present day, namely the main cause of a double murder committed by Raskolnikov in Crime and Punishment. I present selected scholarly interpretations of Raskolnikov’s deed, some of them being already classical and ever inspiring for subsequent readings of the novel, some using extremely persuasive argumentation on one of Raskolnikov’s possible motives. Each of these readings becomes an object of my commentary and critical assessment as I indicate those fragments in Dostoevsky’s novel which undermine their claim to provide an ultimate solution of Raskolnikov’s reason for crime. This presentation leads to the conclusion that Crime and Punishment is unusually open for interpretations, which probably have more to say about the philosophical identity of their authors rather than about Dostoevsky’s intentions in creating his famous protagonists. Eventually I claim that the novel’s main secret – Raskolnikov’s motive for murder – is never to find its one, satisfactory explanation and that this is what makes a literary work a true, immortal masterpiece.

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Cult Image or Decor? Options for the Interpretation of Deities on Provincial Coinage from Asia Minor in an Overview of Research History

63%

Filges A.

Electrum

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2023

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tom 30

235-272

EN

The interpretation of figures of deities on the reverse of the coins of Asia Minor cities of the imperial period is usually done in several steps. The deity is generally quickly determined. It is difficult, however, to establish the superior intention behind the depiction. Does the figure refer to a real cult statue of the emitting city, is the image ‘only’ a reference to a local cult or was it chosen to symbolise, for instance, political connections of cities? The essay brings together opinions from 140 years of international numismatic scholarship and thus offers an overview of the changing patterns of interpretation as well as their range in general. In the end, a more conscious approach to the figures of the gods on coins and a more reflective methodological approach are recommended.

8

Człowiek każdy, jako fenomen „czterdzieści i cztery”. Przegląd interpretacji

63%

Saja K.

In Gremium. Studia nad Historią, Kulturą i Polityką

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2020

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tom 14

175-191

PL

Artykuł ma na celu dokonanie przeglądu koncepcji odczytania słów „czterdzieści i cztery” z dramatu Dziady, części III Adama Mickiewicza oraz zaprezentowanie nowej autorskiej interpretacji. Interpretacja ta będzie się odwoływać do historii rodu Napoleona Bonaparte. Prześledzimy powiązania Widzenie ks. Piotra z Napoleonem I, Napoleonem II oraz Ludwikiem Napoleonem Bonaparte. Analizie zostanie również poddana niezachwiana wiara Mickiewicza w siłę tego francuskiego rodu.

EN

The article aims to review the concept of reading the words “forty and four” from Adam Mickiewicz’s drama Dziady (Part III) and to present a new author’s interpretation that makes reference to the history of the Napoleon Bonaparte family. We will follow the links of the Widzenie ks. Piotra with Napoleon I, Napoleon II and Ludwik Napoleon Bonaparte. Mickiewicz’s unwavering faith in the strength of this French line of monarchs will also be analysed.

9

Inkluzje spraw polityczno-społecznych i światopoglądowych w badaniach z zakresu historii sztuki średniowiecznej. Studia przypadku

51%

Waszak P.

Świat Idei i Polityki

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2016

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nr 15

477-491

PL

Sztuka średniowieczna nierzadko pełniła funkcje polityczne. Po nakreśleniu zakresu i przykładu aspektów politycznych w iluminatorstwie ottońskim następuje analiza ujęć sztuki średniowiecznej. Podejście do architektury romańskiej może być nacechowane światopoglądem charakterystycznym dla danej epoki. Tym ważniejsze są szeroko zakrojone, przeprowadzane badania obejmujące architekturę romańską w Polsce. Podejmowane są próby demitologizacji sztuki i odideologizowania podejścia do niej. Omówiono dwa odmienne przykłady upolitycznienia odbioru dwóch bardzo znanych gotyckich statui. Rozważania, których celem było wskazanie aspektów politycznych w podejściu do dzieł sztuki w ich analizach, prowadzą do wniosku o konieczności uwzględniania zmiennego czynnika politycznego, ale też zwracania uwagi na dzieła sztuki po prostu jako obiekty artystyczne.

EN

Medieval art frequently had political functions. After depicting the scope of political aspects and an example of political thoughts in Ottonian illuminated manuscripts there is an analysis of perspectives on medieval art. For example, point of view at Romanesque architecture can be marked in terms of outlook typical for a particular period. All the more important is the large-scale recent research on Romanesque architecture in Poland. There are attempts at demythologization of art and attempts to free the approach to art from ideology. Two different examples of well-known Gothic equestrian statues were discussed. Approaches to both sculptures and reception of them became politicized. The aim of discussions in this article was to point the political aspects in approach to works of art and in analyses of them. One of the conclusions is that the changing within the space of time political factor should be in many cases taken into consideration. In addition to that, the works of art should always be treated first of all as aesthetic, artistic objects.

10

Linda problem – the tame solution in question

51%

Olszewski A.

Analecta Cracoviensia

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2019

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tom 51

209-217

PL

Po krótkim przypomnieniu, na czym polega tzw. problem Lindy oraz jego rozwiązania przez Kahnemana i Tversky’ego (KT), wskazuję na implikacje ich rozwiązania tego problemu. Pośród tych implikacji podkreślam znaczenie relacji pomiędzy prawdopodobieństwami przypisanymi zdaniom: „Linda is active in a feminist movement” (F) oraz „Linda is a bank teller and active in a feminist movement” (T∧F); Kahneman i Tversky kładli główny nacisk na relację pomiędzy prawdopodobieństwami przypisanymi zdaniom: „Linda is a bank teller” (T) and „Linda is a bank teller and active in a feminist movement” (T∧F). Idąc po tej linii, formułuję hipotezę badawczą H0 o postaci: „co najmniej 85% respondentów wybierze zdanie F, jako bardziej prawdopodobne niż zdanie (T∧F), a możliwość przeciwna zostanie, konsekwentnie, wybrana jedynie przez co najwyżej 15% respondentów”, którą to hipotezę zerową formułuję na podstawie wyników badań samych Kahnemana i Tversky’ego. Następnie przytaczam wyniki badań sondażowych wykonanych wśród studentów (N0.1. i N0.2.), które częściowo odrzucają sformułowaną hipotezę, zgodnie z metodologią badań statystycznych. Na koniec prezentuję pewne rozumowanie wspierające osiągnięte rezultaty i formułuję krytyczne uwagi względem koncepcji heurystyk KT.

EN

After a brief reminder of the, so called, Linda problem and its solution by Kahneman & Tversky (KT) (the tame solution), I point out the implications of the solution adopted by the KTs. Among these implications, I emphasize the importance of the relation of probability between the sentences: ‘Linda is active in a feminist movement’ (F) and ‘Linda is a bank teller and active in a feminist movement’ (T∧F); while in KT’s paper the main emphasis was put on considering the relationship between the probability of sentences: ‘Linda is a bank teller’ (T) and ‘Linda is a bank teller and active in a feminist movement’ (T∧F). I offer a critical argument against the zero hypothesis H0 that ‘at least 85% of the respondents will choose the sentence F as more likely than the sentence (T∧F), and the opposite consequently will be selected at most by 15% of the respondents;’ being drawn from the assumptions made by Kahneman and Tversky. This hypothesis will be further partially refuted by means of results from the surveys N0.1. and N0.2. Then the reasoning supporting the result of surveys is presented and finally critical conclusions will be derived.