Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Financial predictors of corporate insolvency - assessment of the forecast horizon of variables in models of early warning against corporate bankruptcy

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Antonowicz P. , Migdał-Najman K. , Najman K.

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nr 4

39-44

EN

The authors of the study put forward a hypothesis that it is possible to extend the forecast period for the models of discriminant analysis used to assess the risk of enterprise bankruptcy, focusing on the components of these functions in the form of one-dimensional predictors, i.e. the indicators most frequently included in the discriminant functions developed in Poland. Early warning about the growing risk of bankruptcy would be very valuable for any company. The dataset was constructed from all enterprises in Poland that went bankrupt in the years 2007-2013, which was the end of the research project period. Out of the 4,750 business entities that went bankrupt at that time, 2,739 filed financial statements with commercial courts. The main objective was realized using dynamic assessment of the variability of selected one-dimensional predictors of bankruptcy for all of these enterprises. Assessment of the time variability of the indicators under analysis allows conclusions on the predictive possibilities associated with early warning against insolvency of business entities. The results constitute input to the discussion on determination of the longest prognostic horizon that can be adopted in the models of discriminant analysis used to assess the risk of enterprise bankruptcy. Most of them cover an annual forecasting horizon. Only a few authors have attempted to construct models based on data from the two, three, or even four years preceding bankruptcy. The study showed that the main symptoms of the growing risk of bankruptcy in most of the surveyed enterprises are visible much earlier than one year before bankruptcy. This provides an opportunity to correct the predictive models and more time to restructure the company, to prevent bankruptcy. Therefore, the authors of the study have assessed the possibility of extending this forecast period.

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BANKRUPTCY IN SLOVAKIA: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF THE CREDITOR´S POSITION

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Kliestik T. , Misankova M. , Kliestikova J.

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nr 2

221-237

EN

Research background: Bankruptcy shouldn´t be considered only as negative phenomena although its impact is for companies in most cases more than devastating. This change of point of view is invoked by the needs of contemporary socio-economic evolution. If society wants to reach sustainable development, the bankruptcy should be perceived as an immanent part of normal cyclical economic development. Moreover, if the view of bankruptcy is changed in a positive way, it can be a stimulus for innovations, investment and global welfare. But it is not possible without an increase in the effectiveness of national and international bankruptcy law. Purpose of the article: The goal of this study is to analyse the position of a creditor in the case of a debtor´s bankruptcy on the basis of comparative law in the Slovak Republic de lege ferenda. It is because we assume that continuous attention should be given to the issue of the creditor’s position with regard to a debtor´s bankruptcy to achieve sustainable economic development. Methods: The potential consideration de lege ferenda should be based not only on performed legal analysis, but also on performed economic analysis. So, selected countries have been evaluated according to specific economic and legal indicators. We used the interdisciplinary approach based on selection analysis and legal comparative analysis applied to international comparison of the status of creditor and the effectiveness of bankruptcy law from his point of view. Findings & Value added: The applied approach has led us to the detection of the most important insolvency laws, specifically the insolvency laws of the United States and Austria. These legislations were further applied in the context of consideration de lege ferenda over the position of a creditor in the case of a debtor´s bankruptcy in the Slovak Republic.

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Zabezpieczenia finansowe na tle nowej ustawy o imprezach turystycznych i powiązanych usługach turystycznych. Zagadnienia wybrane w zakresie wykonywania gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych

51%

Orzechowska R.

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tom 2(95)

73-87

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie w sposób porównawczy i ocena zmian wprowadzonych ustawą o imprezach turystycznych i powiązanych usługach turystycznych w systemie zabezpieczeń finansowych na wypadek niewypłacalności przedsiębiorców turystycznych. Analiza ogranicza się do wybranych zagadnień, które zdaniem autorki mają istotny wpływ na zasady funkcjonowania tego systemu opierającego się głównie na gwarancjach ubezpieczeniowych. Artykuł rozpoczyna się omówieniem przyczyn popularności gwarancji ubezpieczeniowych. Następne rozdziały poświęcone są podmiotom zobowiązanym do posiadania zabezpieczenia, formom i zakresowi zabezpieczeń oraz obowiązkom, jakie ustawa nakłada na podmioty udzielające zabezpieczeń. Aby lepiej zobrazować skalę i znaczenie nowelizacji, regulacje obecnie obowiązujące zostaną zestawione w najważniejszych aspektach z przepisami, które wkrótce wejdą w życie.

EN

This article aims at presenting a comparative analysis and evaluation of the changes introduced by the Act on package travel and linked travel arrangements in the system of insolvency protection provided by traders. The analysis is limited to selected issues which, in the author's opinion, have a crucial impact on the operation of the system, which relies mainly on insurance guarantees. The article begins with a discussion of the reasons for the popularity of insurance guarantees. The following sections are devoted to the entities obliged to have security, the forms and scope of protection as well as the obligations which the law imposes on entities providing security.