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Aristotle’s Rejection of an Infinite Body: An Interpretation of Physics, III,5, 205a25–28

100%

Marcinkowska-Rosół M.

Eirene. Studia Graeca et Latina

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2014

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tom 50

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nr 1-2

165-175

EN

The article deals with Physics III,5, 205a25–28 and examines its function in Aristotle’s argumentation against the existence of an infinite sensible body. Since attempts to connect this passage with the preceding argument (205a23–25) have so far proved unsuccessful, scholars have resorted to transposing this text after Ph. 205a19 or 205b1 or to postulating a lacuna directly before it (205a25). This paper shows why those proposals are unsatisfactory and instead proposes anoth- er, less radical solution which consists in interpreting the passage in its transmitted context. More precisely, instead of trying to connect it with 205a23–25 it suggests treating the text as elliptical and seeing in 205a25–28 an important step in an argument based on Aristotle’s theory of natural place, one that is directed against the existence of an infinite heterogeneous body composed of a finite number of constituents (205a22–28).

2

Fundamental Solution for the Plane Problem in Magnetothermoelastic Diffusion Media

88%

Kumar R. , Chawla V.

Computational Methods in Science and Technology

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2013

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tom Vol. 19, No. 4

195--207

EN

The aim of the present paper is to study the fundamental solution in orthotropic magneto- thermoelastic diffusion media. With this objective, firstly the two-dimensional general solution in orthotropic magnetothermoelastic diffusion media is derived. On the basis of thegeneral solution, the fundamental solution for a steady point heat source in an infinite and a semiinfinite orthotropic magnetothermoelastic diffusion material is constructed by four newly introduced harmonic functions. The components of displacement, stress, temperature distribution and mass concentration are expressed in terms of elementary functions. From the present investigation, some special cases of interest are also deduced and compared with the previously obtained results. The resulting quantities are computed numerically for infinite and semi-infinite magnetothermoelastic material and presented graphically to depict the magnetic effect.

3

On Language Equations with One-sided Concatenation

75%

Baader F. , Okhotin A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2013

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tom Vol. 126, nr 1

1--35

EN

Language equations are equations where both the constants occurring in the equations and the solutions are formal languages. They have first been introduced in formal language theory, but are now also considered in other areas of computer science. In the present paper, we restrict the attention to language equations with one-sided concatenation, but in contrast to previous work on these equations, we allow not just union but all Boolean operations to be used when formulating them. In addition, we are not just interested in deciding solvability of such equations, but also in deciding other properties of the set of solutions, like its cardinality (finite, infinite, uncountable) and whether it contains least/greatest solutions. We show that all these decision problems are EXPTIME-complete.

4

Spinoza’s Ode to Reason

63%

Koistinen O.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2021

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nr 3

265-279

EN

In this paper, the main features of Spinoza’s conception of Reason are laid out. First, how Reason differs on the one hand from opinion and imagination and on the other hand from intuitive knowledge. After that the validation of Reason is considered. As I interpret Benedict de Spinoza, even finite subjects enjoy freedom of Reason. I will give the reasons for this doctrine which seems to be inconsistent with Spinoza’s universal determinism. One of the most fascinating aspects of Spinoza’s rationalism is that the acts of reason are intrinsically motivating in bringing joy to the thinker. I will try to make sense of that view. In the concluding section of the paper, I try to make sense of how this affective feature of reasoning as an intrinsically joyful activity leads to rational love of God which, if things go well, leads to intellectual love of God in which our blessedness or salvation lies.

5

Does there Exist an Algorithm which to Each Diophantine Equation Assigns an Integer which is Greater than the Modulus of Integer Solutions, if these Solutions form a Finite Set?

63%

Tyszka A.

Fundamenta Informaticae

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2013

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tom Vol. 125, nr 1

85--99

EN

Let En = {xi = 1; xi + xj = xk; xi · xj = xk : i; j; k ∈ {1,...,n}}. We conjecture that if a system S ⊆ En has only finitely many solutions in integers x1,...,xn, then each such solution (x1,...,xn) satisfies |x1|,...,|xn| ≤ 22n−1. Assuming the conjecture, we prove: (1) there is an algorithm which to each Diophantine equation assigns an integer which is greater than the heights of integer (non-negative integer, rational) solutions, if these solutions form a finite set, (2) if a set M Í \mathbbN is recursively enumerable but not recursive, then a finite-fold Diophantine representation of M does not exist.

6

An Ontology for the In-Between of Motion: Aristotle’s Reaction to Zeno’s Arguments

63%

Crubellier M.

Peitho. Examina Antiqua

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2021

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tom 12

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nr 1

123-149

EN

This paper proposes an interpretation of Books V and VI of Aristotle’s Physics as being (at least partly) a reaction to Zeno’s four “arguments against motion” that Aristotle expounds and discusses in Phys. VI 9. On the basis of a detailed textual analysis of that chapter, I show that Zeno’s arguments rest on a frame of a priori notions such as part and whole, in contact, between, limit, etc., which Aristotle takes over in order to account for the inner structure (here called “the In-Between”) common to all facts of motion and change. That frame allows him to develop a specific ontology for that inner structure – although it exists only potentially according to the Aristotelian orthodoxy – because he needs such an ontology in order to vindicate the reality of motion and change.

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On the Origins of the Very First Principle as Infinite: The Hierarchy of the Infinite in Damascius and Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite

63%

Ottobrini T. F.

Peitho. Examina Antiqua

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2019

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tom 10

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nr 1

133-152

EN

This paper discusses the theoretical relationship between the views of Damascius and those of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite. While Damascius’ De principiis is a bold treatise devoted to investigating the hypermetaphysics of apophatism, it anticipates various theoretical positions put forward by Dionysius the Areopagite. The present paper focuses on the following. First, Damascius is the only ancient philosopher who systematically demonstrates the first principle to be infinite (traditional Greek thought tended to regard the arkhē as finite). Second, Damascius modifies the concept and in several important passages shows the infinite to be superior and prior to the finite (previously this assumption was held only by Melissus and, sporadically, by Gregory of Nyssa and Plotinus). Third, Damascius’ theory of being (infinite, endless and ultrarational) is the strongest ancient articulation of the nature of the One which is a clear prefiguration of the negative theology developed by Dionysius the Areopagite.

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Argument „ze skończoności” jako wariant kosmologicznego uzasadniania istnienia Boga

51%

Łagosz M.

Studia Philosophiae Christianae

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2021

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tom 57

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nr 1

47-72

EN

In this paper I examine a variant of the cosmological argument for the existence of God – the ‘proof from finitude’, and develop Georg W.F. Hegel’s intuitions on this issue. In conclusion, I point out the danger of confusing the cognitive order (the finite as a premise for “proving” the reality of the infinite) with the ontic order (the presumed dependence of the infinite – especially as realised in God – on the finite).

PL

W artykule analizuję pewną odmianę kosmologicznej argumentacji za istnieniem Boga – „dowód ze skończoności”. W punkcie wyjścia opieram się na intuicjach Georga W.F. Hegla, które rozwijam. W swoich heglowskich inspiracjach ograniczam się do Wykładów z filozofii religii (t. 1 i 2). W konkluzji wskazuję na niebezpieczeństwo pomieszania porządku poznawczego (skończone jako przesłanka „dowodzenia” realności nieskończonego) z porządkiem ontycznym (domniemana zależność nieskończoności – w szczególności tej realizującej się w Bogu – od tego, co skończone).

9

Wdrożenie chaosu. Uwagi o Il dettaglio e l’infinito. Roth, Yehoshua e Salter (Detal i nieskończoność. Roth, Yehoshua i Salter) Luki Alvina

32%

Taraborrelli C.

Forum Poetyki

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2022

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nr 30

EN

Il dettaglio e l’infinito by Luca Alvino is a collection of short critical essays dedicated to three famous novelists, Ph. Roth, A. Yehoshua and J. Salter, who devote their creative effort, according to Alvino, to chaos and the minutiae of human existence. They reject any delusional paradigm of a universe governed by order, instead focusing their narrative attention on the flickering dynamism of existence, unorderly in all its manifestations. Luca Alvino’s prose is transparent and fluid, and his work offers not only a precise and clear analysis of the literature examined, but also more or less occasional hints that encourage the reader to apply the same reasoning to other authors and arts other than literature, eventually suggesting glimpses of an alternative way of approaching the world surrounding us and its expression.

PL

Il dettaglio e l’infinito autorstwa Luki Alvina to zbiór krótkich esejów krytycznych, poświęconych trzem znanym powieściopisarzom, Philipowi Rothowi, Abrahamowi Yehoshule i Jamesowi Salterowi, którzy swą twórczą uwagę poświęcają, zdaniem Alvina, chaosowi oraz drobiazgom ludzkiej egzystencji. Odrzucają oni każdy rodzaj paradygmatu, który oferuje czytelnikowi iluzję wszechświata rządzonego przez określony porządek, w to miejsce koncentrują swój narracyjny wysiłek na spotkaniu z migotliwością istnienia, nieuporządkowanego we wszystkich swoich przejawach. Praca Luki Alvina jest przejrzysta i płynna i oferuje nie tylko precyzyjną i jasną analizę badanej literatury, ale również – rozsiane mniej lub bardziej przypadkowo – wskazówki umożliwiające czytelnikowi zastosowanie ukazanego rozumowania do innych autorów oraz innych niż literatura rodzajów sztuki, finalnie sugerując mu reorientację sposobu podejścia do otaczającego nas świata i jego ekspresji.