Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Induced mutagenesis in Cicer arietinum

100%

Mullainathan L. , Umavathi S.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

|

2014

|

tom 07

EN

The traditional varieties of chick pea have low potentiality and restricted variability with respect to economic characters. Broadening the genetic base for crop improvement can be quickly achieved through induced mutagenesis. The present study was undertaken in order to comparing the effectiveness and efficiency of mutagens on Cicer arietinum. In this regard, Co – 4 variety of chick pea was subjected to different dose/concentration of Gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kR) and Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mM) for inducing mutation. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency was calculated based on biological damage in M1 and chlorophyll mutations in M2. The results indicated that, mutagenic effectiveness increased with the increase in dose/concentration of mutagen. Intermediate treatments in general were found more efficient in causing less biological damage and inducing maximum amount of mutations. It shows that the chemical mutagens are more effective and efficient than physical mutagen for inducing mutation in Chick pea.

2

Studies on induced physical and chemical mutagenesis in groundnut (Arachis hypogia)

100%

Gunasekaran A. , Pavadai P.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

|

2015

|

tom 08

EN

Mutation breeding has been widely used for the improvement of plant characters in various crops. It is a powerful and effective tool in the hands of plant breeders. In any mutation breeding program, selection of an effective and efficient mutagen is very essential to produce high frequency of desirable mutation. Groundnut (Arachis hypogia) var. VRI-2. was treated with different concentration of physical and chemical mutagen namely gamma rays 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 KR and Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). For inducing mutation various concentration of EMS such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 % for six hours were applied to 200 seed sample of each concentration and one respective control. The LD50 value was observed in 50% of gamma rays and 0.5 % of EMS. The morphological and yield characters were significantly reduced seed germination, seedling survival, days to first flower, plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of grains per plant, grain length and breath, 100 grains weight, grain yield per plant, fresh and dry weight per plant. The increasing doses/concentration of gamma rays and EMS decreased in phenotypic and yield characters in M1generation. The mutagenized populations showed significantly higher variability in the M2 generation. Mutant lines showing higher yield per plant than the respective parents and checks were isolated in M2 and subsequent generation were significantly more pod yield and yield components than the untreated plants.

3

Physical and chemical induced mutagenesis study for identifying lethality dose in chick pea (Cicer arietinum L.) Var. Co - 4

84%

Umavathi S. , Mullainathan L.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

|

2015

|

tom 08

EN

The present study was conducted in order to determine the effect of gamma rays and EMS on seed germination, Seedling height and root length in chick pea to identify the lethal dose (LD50). In this regard, the healthy seeds of chick pea was subjected to different doses/concentrations of gamma rays (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60kR) and EMS (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50mM) for inducing mutation. The effect of gamma rays and EMS was determined by measuring the seed germination, seedling height and root length under the conditions of the M1 generation. The results shows that, the seed germination, seedling height and root length were significantly decreased with increasing doses/concentrations. The LD50 values were observed based on the growth reduction of seedlings after treatments with mutagen. The effective doses/concentrations which caused 50% growth reduction were observed in 40kR in gamma rays and 30mM in EMS.

4

Selekcja UV mutantów drożdży Yarrowia lipolytica do biosyntezy erytrytolu z glicerolu

59%

Rywinska A. , Bak M. , Rakicka M. , Tomaszewska L. , Boruczkowski T. , Lazar Z. , Musial I. , Rymowicz W.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Biotechnologia

|

2012

|

tom 11

|

nr 3

PL

Na drodze mutagenezy indukowanej promieniowaniem UV uzyskano 24 mutanty w szczepie Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1. Selekcja na podstawie analizy wzrostu na podłożu YNB z erytrytolem wskazała 9 szczepów, których powierzchnia kolonii była zbliżona do powierzchni kolonii szczepu wyjściowego. W 7-dobowych hodowlach wstrząsarkowych, w podłożach z glicerolem, drożdże produkowały od 10,3 do 16,6 gdm-3 erytrytolu oraz od 11,5 do 17,9 gdm-3 mannitolu. Do hodowli bioreaktorowych wybrano szczep K1-UV20 oraz K1-UV21. Najwyższe stężenie erytrytolu uzyskano przy wykorzystaniu glicerolu odpadowego oraz z dodatkiem NaCl, z udziałem szczepu K1-UV21, który produkował 78,7 gdm-3 tego związku z wydajnością 0,49 g-g" i z szybkością objętościową produkcji równą 0,68 gdm-3h-1. Badania podobieństwa filogenetycznego, z wykorzystaniem metody RAPD-PCR, wykazały wysokie podobieństwo mutanta Wratislavia K1-UV21 z wyjściowymi szczepami Y. lipolytica.

EN

Twenty-four mutants in strain Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 were obtained after mutagenesis induced by UV irradiation. The selection, on the basis of the growth ability on YNB medium containing erythritol, indicated nine strains with the size of colony surface similar to parent strain. In the 7-day shake-flasks experiment, in glycerol media, yeast produced from 10.3 to 16.6 gdm-3 of erythritol and from 11.5 to 17.9 gdm-3 of manni- tol. For further studies in bioreactor cultures strains K1-UV20 and K1-UV21 were chosen. The highest concentration of erythritol was obtained by strain K1-UV21 on crude glycerol medium, where 78.7 gdm-3 of erythritol was produced corresponding to 0.49 g-g4 yield and 0.68 gdm"3h-1 volumetric productivity. The analysis of philogenetic similarity of based on RAPD-PCR method showed high similarity of the mutant strain Wratislavia K1-UV21 to parental strains of Y. lipolytica.