Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Ageing of organic matter in incubated freshwater sediments; in fer ences from C and H isotope ratios of methane

100%

Szynkiewicz A. , Modelska A. , Jedrysek M.-O. , Kurasiewicz M. , Mastalerz M.

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2008

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tom Vol. 52, No 4

383-383

EN

The freshwater sediments were incubated under anaerobic conditions for 570 and 879 days to in vestigate the potential variations in methanogenic pathways due to increasing sediment age and recalcitrance of organic matter. The methanogenic pathways did not shift from acetate fermentation toward CO2 reduction, as indicated by the observed variations of the isotopic composition of methane in natural conditions. It appeared, however, that the observed decrease of methane concentration (from 86 to 39%) and continuous in crease in d13C(CH4) (from –69.7 to –59.0‰) and dD(CH4) values (from –381 to –320‰) resulted mainly from exhaustion of at least one methanogenic substratein the incubated sediments. To better understand processes controlling the variations of delta exp.13C(CH4) and deltaD(CH4) values relative to ageing of organic matter, the method of principal component analysis (PCA) was used. This method offers good comparison of the relation ships between variables when a larger number of parameters control a given process in the same time period. In this study, the PCA indicated three distinctive factors that controlled decomposition of organic matter during the incubation. Factor 1 explained 33% of observed variations among the variables and had positive (0.93–0.92) loadings for electric conductivity and DIC concentration and negative loading for delta exp.13C(CH4) val ues (–0.72). Factor 2 accounted for 28% and had high posi ive loading for deltaD(CH4) value (0.86) and high negative loading for methane concentration (–0.81). Factor 3 accounted for 19% and exhibited high positive loadings for temperature (0.90) and delta exp.13C(DIC) value (0.69). Factors 1 and 2 were directly linked to the methanogenesis and indicated that bigger accumulation of bio-products in sediments is likely important for variations of delta exp.3C and deltaD of methane. This study shows that method of principal component analysis might be a useful tool while studying biogeochemical carboncy cleduring early digenesis of freshwater sediments.

2

Źródła oraz metody badań związków arsenu w próbkach środowiskowych

100%

Burzyńska O. , Siebielska I.

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2012

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tom Tom 14

417--426

EN

The article is a review of information available in literature about arsenic and its compounds. The paper characterizes forms of arsenic that can be found in the environment, main chemical and physical transformations it undergoes, application of arsenic in industry and agriculture, dangers associated with arsenic contamination and its toxicity for humans and the environment. Natural and artificial sources of arsenic are discussed. Final part presents fractionating of arsenic in detail, as well as main methods of arsenic determination in the laboratory.

3

Temporal variation of seismic b‑value in the Himalayas and foreland region and its implications on crustal stress variability

88%

Chetia M. , Gogoi P. R. , Lahiri S. K.

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2023

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tom Vol. 71, no. 4

1675--1692

EN

The temporal variation of seismic b-values during 1964–2020 was investigated for the Himalayas and foreland lying between 69°E-98°E and 21°N-36°N covering a range of more than 3000 km in five different time windows; 1964–1974, 1975–1985, 1986–1996, 1997–2007, and 2008–2020. The b-values show a very significant variation from 0.4 to 3.3. Seismically active areas are either in the phase of incubation or the phase of trigger indicating stress accumulation punctuated release. Since each jump in the magnitude of earthquakes is associated with a logarithmic decrease in frequency, an incubation period can be treated as the occurrence of a large number of low-magnitude earthquakes (cumulative energy released is much smaller than a single big trigger); hence, large b-value and the vice-versa. Thus the low b-value anomaly zones may be regarded as high-stress accumulation zones approaching the phase of triggering. The study area was divided into six type zones based on geological, gravity and DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data. As expected, most of the large-magnitude earthquakes were seen to have occurred in the low b-value regions. A comparative study of variation in b-values with depth for two windows, the western Himalayan syntaxis and the Indo-Burma range shows differences in the stress accumulation and the triggering potential for different ranges of depths. The study reveals that in the central Himalayas and its adjoining region large-magnitude earthquakes are due in the near future as crustal stress accumulation is high in these zones.

4

Chemical stability assessment of soft magnetic composites for biomedical applications

88%

Powojska A. , Niewęgłowska J. , Suska S. , Cavadas A. , Mystkowska J.

Engineering of Biomaterials

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2022

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tom vol. 25, no. 164

2--8

EN

Silicone-based elastic composites with a metallic filler have been strongly developed in recent years. These materials are considered applicable in many fields of science, including medicine. The advantageous mechanical parameters provided by the NdFeB micropowder reinforcement are balanced by the elasticity and biocompatibility guaranteed by the silicone matrix. So far, there have been several reports regarding such composites’ properties important from the biomedical point of view. The article deals with the physicochemical parameters of the new material for medical applications as well as the properties of the incubation liquid. The aim of the work was to determine effects of both the magnetic particles content (0, 30, 50, 70 wt%) and the incubation process under physiological conditions on the physicochemical properties of the material and the solution after incubation. The samples were incubated for various periods of time (8, 16 and 24 weeks) at the temperature of 37°C in a 0.9 wt% NaCl solution. The density, water contact angle, and water absorption of the materials were measured. The electrolytic conductivity, pH value, redox potential, surface tension, and kinematic viscosity were determined for the liquids after the materials incubation. The results obtained for pure silicone and the silicone-based composite reinforced with NdFeB microparticles were compared. The results indicate that incubation affects the samples and liquids, changing their physiochemical properties. For composites, the density decreased, which results in a noticeable concentration of the examined elements in the solutions.

5

Changes in some chemical properties of saline-sodic soils over time as affected by organic residues: An incubation study

88%

Jalali M. , Saeedi Lotf M. , Ranjbar F.

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2020

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tom 53

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nr 1

EN

Salinization and sodification of agricultural lands in arid and semi-arid regions of the world are two limiting factors in the crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of readily available agricultural residues on changing some chemical properties of saline-sodic soils. Wheat, potato, sunflower, and canola residues were separately added into three saline-sodic soils at a rate of 2% by weight and thoroughly mixed with soils. Control and treated soils were incubated for 168 days at a constant moisture and temperature. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soluble cations, available nitrate (NO3-) and phosphorous (P), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were measured during the incubation. The EC increased in the response to the incorporation of plant residues, whereas the pH was reduced. The application of organic components in soils increased CEC and decreased ESP. The results showed that the maximum reduction in ESP was observed in the potato treatment because of the highest Ca2+ concentration. The average reduction in ESP of treated soil samples at the end of incubation followed this order: 16.1% (potato residue-treated soil) >12.7% (canola residue-treated soil) >11.1% (wheat residue-treated soil) >9.6% (sunflwer residue-treated soil). The potato residue was the most effective amendment in changing the chemical properties of saline-sodic soils in comparison with other organic residues. The results indicated that the application of organic residues had a positive impact on reducing the soil sodicity and improving the soil fertility depending on their chemical composition.

6

Effects of Sunset Yellow FCF on immune system organs during different chicken embryonic periods

75%

Colacoglu F. , Selcuk M. L.

Journal of Veterinary Research

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2020

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tom 64

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nr 4

7

Prolonged incubation of non-viable eggs in the Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus

75%

Margalida A. , Bertran J.

Acta Ornithologica

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2006

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tom 41

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nr 2

8

In vitro tests of dense hydroxyapatite materials

75%

Sobczak A. , Kida A. , Kowalski Z. , Wzorek Z.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2009

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tom Vol. 11, nr 1

44-49

EN

The paper presents the results of the calcining process of deproteinised and defatted bone pulp called bone sludge. The calcining process was performed in two stages. The first step of the calcining process was realized at the temperature of 600°C in a rotary kiln. In the second stage the obtained bone ashes were calcined at five different temperatures from 650°C to 950°C for 2 hours in a chamber kiln and in air atmosphere. The products of the calcining process were characterized by the XRD method. Calcium content was determined by titration whereas the contents of total phosphorus and acid-soluble phosphorus - by the spectrophotometric method. The X-ray analysis confirmed that hydroxyapatite is the main component of the calcining products. Calcium and phosphorus contents were kept at the level of 40% and 17.5%, respectively, which corresponded to the Ca/P ratio of not stechiometric hydroxyapatite. In vitro studies, in the simulated body fluid, Ringer liquid and distilled water were realised. The measurements of pH value of SBF and Ringer fluid were realized. Additionally electrical conductivity as well as pH for distilled water where conducted. The goal of these tests was to evaluate chemical durability of dense hydroxyapatite materials.

9

Development of the stomach in the domestic goose (Anser anser f. domestica) from 9th to 25th day of incubation

75%

Jackowiak H. , Kmiecik I. , Skieresz-Szewczyk K. , Prozorowska E.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2014

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tom 56

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nr 1

10

The effect of short-duration influence of a high-induction static magnetic field during incubation on the hatch rate indexes of the Japanese Pharaoh quail [Coturnix coturnix Faraon]

75%

Dobrowolski W. , Danczak A.

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2006

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tom 05

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nr 2

11

A simple, direct plating method, alternative to dilution plating, for estimation of the abundance of Penicillium verrucosum on incubated cereal grain

75%

Czaban J. , Wroblewska B.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2006

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tom 55

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nr 3

EN

Because dilution plating is more labor intensive than direct plating, we would like to propose the use of a direct plating technique for estimation of Penicillium verrucosum abundance in cereal grain in incubation studies, with use of very selective and indicative for the fungus agar DYSG medium. The proposed method is based on the measurement of the diameter of P. verrucosum colonies grown around cereal kernels placed on DYSG medium. In three different experiments wheat grain contained a great range of P. verrucosum CFU number (from <25 to 77 x 10⁶ per 1 g). When P. verrucosum CFU number was at least as high as 10² per 1 g of the grain, 100% of the wheat kernels, placed on the surface of DYSG medium, were surrounded by colonies of P. verrucosum. The diameter (x, mm) of P. verrucosum colonies surrounding wheat kernels on DYSG medium was correlated with the fungal CFU number (y) on the wheat grain. The relationship is described by the exponential regression equation (y = 0.1258 e 0.9309x, R²=0.96). The relationship became linear (y = 0.404 x-0.901, R² = 0.96) after transformation of P. verrucosum CFU numbers to logarithms to base 10.

12

Evaluation of implant recipient interactions by ESR spectroscopy

75%

Plonka P. , Plonka B. , Lukiewicz S. J.

Current Topics in Biophysics

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1994

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tom 18

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nr 1

13

Lipolytic activity and radial daily growth rate changes during incubation of Thermomyces lanuginosus on natural and synthetic fatty substrates

75%

Janda K.

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nr 4

EN

The study was to compare lipolytic activity and radial growth rate changes during the incubation of Thermomyces lanuginosus strains on natural (sunflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and corn oil) and synthetic (tributyrin, Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80, and Tween 81) fatty substrata. The strains were isolated from different natural sources and incubated at 55°С on solid media containing natural and synthetic fatty substrata. The general (mean) lipolytic activity index decreased on natural substrata and increased on synthetic substrata during a five-day incubation period. The general daily growth rate changes were found to be similar on both natural and synthetic fatty substrata. However, the lipolytic activity index and daily growth rate changes were found to be highly differentiated on synthetic fatty substrata. Further studies on determination of the factors affecting the Thermomyces lanuginosus lipolytic activity are needed, due to the species is widely used for biotechnological purposes.

PL

Celem badań było porównanie zmian aktywności lipolitycznej i dziennego przyrostu średnicy kolonii podczas hodowli szczepów Thermomyces lartuginosus na naturalnych (olej słonecznikowy, sojowy, rzepakowy i kukurydziany) i syntetycznych (trójbutyryna, Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80 i Tween 81) substratach tłuszczowych. Szczepy wyizolowano z naturalnych źródeł i hodowano w temperaturze 55°С na pożywkach stałych zawierających wyżej wymienione substráty tłuszczowe. Wartości średnie współczynnika aktywności lipolitycznej miały tendencję malejącą i rosnącą podczas hodowli odpowiednio na substratach naturalnych i syntetycznych. Zmiany średnich wartości dziennego przyrostu średnicy kolonii były podobne na obu rodzajach substratów. Jednakże zróżnicowanie zmian współczynnika aktywności lipolitycznej i dziennego przyrostu średnicy kolonii na substratach syntetycznych było znaczne. Dalsze badania mające na celu określenie czynników wpływających na aktywność lipolityczną Thermomyces lartuginosus mają duże znaczenie z biotechnologicznego punktu widzenia.

14

Changes in the qualities of stallion semen after incubation with Streptococcus zooepidemicus

75%

Danek J. , Wisniewski E. , Krumrych W. , Dabrowska J.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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1996

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tom 40

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nr 2

EN

The influence of ß-haemolytic Streptococcus organisms at concentrations of 100 x, 200 x, and 500 x 10³ cells/ml sperm incubated at 37°C for 60 min with stallion semen suspension on the motility, viability and morphology of the semen, and AspAT activity in seminal plasma was examined. S. zooepidemicus at a concentration of 500 x 10³ cells/ml exhibited a particularly unfavourable effect on semen. All parameters measured altered significantly after a 60 min incubation. The activity of AspAT also changed during a prolonged incubation of sperm with a suspension containing 500 x 10³ S. zooepidemicus/ml semen; after a 24 h incubation the activity of AspAT was enhanced by more than 38% in comparison to the initial value.

15

D2-dopamine receptor-mediated stimulation of inositol trisphosphate formation in chick retina

75%

Zawilska J. B. , Krzemieniewska B. , Orszulak-Michalak D. , Nowak J. Z.

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nr 4

16

Reproduction sites and rate in Arion lusitanicus

63%

Kozlowski J. , Kozlowska M.

Folia Malacologica

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1999

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tom 07

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nr 4

17

Evaluation of the biomedical properties of hydroxyapatite obtained from bone waste

63%

Sobczak A. , Kida A. , Kowalski Z. , Wzorek Z.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2009

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tom Vol. 11, nr 1

37-43

EN

The method of obtaining hydroxyapatite by thermal treatment of deproteinised and defatted bone pulp called bone sludge was presented. The products of the calcining process were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The calcium content was determined with titration, whereas the contents of total phosphorus - with a spectrophotomertric method. X-ray investigations confirmed that hydroxyapatite was the main component of the calcining products in the calcining process. The FT-IR spectra confirmed that all organic substances were removed during the calcining process. On the basis of the research into physiological liquids the propensity to resorption of hydroxyapatite bioceramic was evaluated.

18

Contextual effects on routine persistence: the case of a social subsystem

63%

Kandora M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie

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2018

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tom Nr 77

85--106

EN

Organizational routines form the background and ensure the linkage of most everyday activities inside an organization. They have also been the subject of extensive scholarly inquiry over the last thirty years. Nevertheless, extant Routine Theory does not explain unequivocally their origin. It also provides only poor guidance on how to shape them in practice. In particular, there is a dilemma of how to facilitate their persistence whilst reducing the randomness of this process on the one hand, and, on the other, to maintain its effectiveness, dependent on the right degree of management involvement (and the associated cost). This article drafts one of the possible approaches to address this issue, referred to as incubation, and identifies factors influencing routine persistence (based on a thorough review of the literature), specific to the social subsystem of the organization. The identified set of factors may be further used to steer the routine incubation process.

PL

Rutyny organizacyjne spajają większość codziennych działań uczestników organizacji. Są również, od ponad trzydziestu lat, przedmiotem szczególnego zainteresowania nauk o zarządzaniu. Dostępna baza teoretyczna nie wyjaśnia jednak jednoznacznie ich genezy. Dostarcza też jedynie ubogich wskazówek dotyczących ich kształtowania w praktyce. Pojawia się w szczególności dylemat, jak je utrwalać, aby z jednej strony ograniczyć przypadkowość tego procesu, a z drugiej zachować jego efektywność, w tym racjonalny poziom zaangażowania kierownictwa. W niniejszym artykule zasygnalizowano jedno z możliwych podejść do rozwiązania tego problemu zwane inkubacją i dokonano identyfikacji czynników rutynotwórczych (na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu), właściwych podsystemowi społecznemu organizacji, które stanowią podzbiór parametrów sterujących tym procesem.

19

Incubator for individual eggs of fish

63%

Bardega R. , Luczynski M.

Environmental Biotechnology

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2007

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tom Vol. 3, No. 2

49-51

EN

We have constructed and tested a device for incubation of individual eggs of fish. We measured the diameter of fertilized and water hardened eggs of vendace (Coregonus albula). Each egg developed in a separate incubator, which was a modified Pasteur pipette. Incubation of 315 eggs resulted in 249 hatched embryos (eleutheroembryos). The technique enabled identification of each eleutheroembryo hatching from a given egg. Example of relationship between external diameter of egg and the length of eleutheroembryo showed potential applications of the technique in studies on fish reproduction biology.

20

Nest construction costs affect nestling growth: a field experiment in a cavity-neating passerine

63%

Moreno J. , Lobato E. , Gonzalez-Braojos S. , Ruiz-de Castaneda R.

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nr 2