Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Rapid normalization of severe hypercholesterolemia mediated by lipoprotein X after liver transplantation in a patient with cholestasis - a case report

100%

Jankowski K. , Wyzgał A. , Wierzbicka A. , Tronina O. , Durlik M. , Pruszczyk P.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2015

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tom 62

|

nr 3

621-623

EN

Hypercholesterolemia is a common disorder in adult population, but total cholesterol concentrations beyond 1000 mg/dl occur rarely, and are found in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, in chronic graft-versus-host disease of the liver, after intravenous infusion of fat emulsion (intralipid), in newborn infants with immature liver function, and in obstructive biliary cholestasis. Cholestasis induces a dramatic increase in plasma cholesterol and the appearance of an abnormal lipoprotein, lipoprotein X (LpX), in the plasma. We report a case of severe hypercholesterolemia mediated by LpX in a patient transplanted for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), who was qualified for liver re-transplantation (re-LTx) due to chronic cholestasis. Four months after re-LTx, the cholesterol concentration was normal. The problems in diagnosis and treatment are discussed.

2

Czynniki ryzyka chorób układu krążenia (CVD) a stres życiowy i zawodowy u policjantów

89%

Czaja-Mitura I. , Merecz-Kot D. , Szymczak W. , Bortkiewicz A.

Medycyna Pracy

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2013

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tom 64

|

nr 3

335-348

EN

Background: Several studies have shown an association between work-related stress and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, only a few studies concerned the police. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the general and work-related stress, and the functioning of the circulatory system in the police staff. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 126 policemen (aged 37.8±7.3 years), with average employment duration of 14.4±7 years. The study comprised the assessment of health status based on the medical examination and medical history of identified diseases, cardiovascular risk factors and symptoms, dietary habits, physical activity, intake of drugs, data on the family history, determinations of serum total cholesterol, HDL and LDL fractions, triglycerides, and fasting glycemia. The stress level was assessed using the Questionnaire for the Subjective Assessment of Work and Perceived Stress Scale. Results: On medical examination hypertension was found in 36% of the people under study. Chest discomfort was reported by 60% of the subjects. Average body mass index (BMI), serum cholesterol and LDL were elevated (22.7±4.1, 222.6±41.7 mg/dl and 142.7±39.7 mg/dl, respectively). Mean triglyceride, HDL fraction and fasting glucose levels were normal in the whole group. The levels of general and occupational stress were 34.9±4.8 and 128.0±33.3, respectively, being higher than in other occupational groups. In the group with the highest level of stress, there were significantly more people with circulatory problems (81%), drinking strong alcohol at least once a week (27%), working in a 3-shift system (40.5%) and working overtime (44%). Conclusions: The results show that the police are a group at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases due to work-related stress. Med Pr 2013;64(3):335–348

PL

Wprowadzenie: W wielu badaniach wykazano związek między stresem związanym z pracą a czynnikami ryzyka chorób układu krążenia. Tylko nieliczne z nich dotyczyły policjantów. Cel pracy: Celem pracy była ocena związku między stresem ogólnym i zawodowym a funkcjonowaniem układu krążenia u policjantów. Grupa badana: Badania przeprowadzono u 126 policjantów w wieku 37,8±7,3 lat, o średnim stażu pracy: 14,4±7 lat. Metody: Badanie obejmowało: ocenę stanu zdrowia na podstawie badania lekarskiego i wywiadu dotyczącego stwierdzonych chorób, czynników ryzyka i dolegliwości ze strony układu krążenia, nawyków żywieniowych, aktywności fizycznej, używek oraz wywiadu rodzinnego, badania stężenia cholesterolu całkowitego, frakcji HDL (high density lipoprotein - lipoproteina wysokiej gęstości) i LDL (low density lipoprotein - lipoproteina niskiej gęstości), trójglicerydów i glikemii na czczo. Poziom stresu oceniano z zastosowaniem „Kwestionariusza do subiektywnej oceny pracy” i Skali Spostrzeganego Stresu. Wyniki: Nadciśnienie tętnicze w badaniu lekarskim stwierdzono u 36% osób. Dolegliwości w klatce piersiowej zgłaszało 60% osób. Średni wskaźnik masy ciała (body mass index - BMI), stężenie cholesterolu i frakcji LDL było podwyższone (odpowiednio: 22,7±4,1; 222,6±41,7 mg/dl i 142,7±39,7 mg/dl). Średnie stężenie triglicerydów, frakcji HDL i glukozy na czczo w całej grupie było w normie. Poziom stresu ogólnego i zawodowego był wyższy niż w innych grupach zawodowych (wynosił odpowiednio: 34,9±4,8 i 128,0±33,3). W grupie o najwyższym poziomie stresu istotnie więcej było osób z dolegliwościami ze strony układu krążenia (81%), spożywających mocny alkohol co najmniej raz w tygodniu (27%), pracujących w systemie 3-zmianowym (40,5%) i w godzinach nadliczbowych (44%). Wnioski: Wyniki badania wskazują, że policjanci są grupą o wysokim ryzyku sercowo-naczyniowym związanym ze stresem zawodowym. Med. Pr. 2013;64(3):335–348

3

EDIBLE MUSHROOMS IN PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT OF HUMAN DISEASES

88%

MUSZYNSKA B. , SUŁKOWSKA-ZIAJA K. , ŁOJEWSKI M. , OPOKA W. , ZAJĄC M. , ROJOWSKI J.

Medicina Internacia Revuo

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2013

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tom 25

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nr 101

170-183

EN

In recent years an increase in the consumption of edible mushrooms has been observed. In many countries mushrooms have been a popular delicacy, as they add flavor and texture to a meal. Mushrooms are able to accumulate both primary and secondary metabolites. Some of them may play an antioxidant role, e.g. phenolic and indole compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, sterols, ascorbic acid, ergothioneine and carotenoids and are a source of elements, e.g. selenium. Indole compounds fulfill the role of neurotransmitters or their precursors, exhibit antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging actions, regulate the diurnal cycle in humans and take part in blood coagulation. Biologically and therapeutically active metabolites of fungi are used to treat such serious diseases as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, atherosclerosis and cancer. The intake of mushrooms clearly has a cholesterol-lowering effect or hypocholesterolemic effect by different mechanisms such as decreasing VLDL, improving lipid metabolism, inhibiting of activity of HMG-CoA reductase, and consequently preventing the development of atherosclerosis. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds occurring in mushrooms also may contribute to reduce the atherosclerosis risk.

4

The effect of the type and amount of fat in diet on the composition of fatty acids in tissue lipids in experimental hypercholesterolaemia

75%

Ziemlanski S. , Budzynska-Topolowska J. , Rodkiewicz B.

Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm

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1991

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tom 18

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nr 4

EN

The efects were studied of the quality and amount of dietary fat on the pattern of fatty acids in the lipids of the serum and certain tissues (adipose fat, perirenal fat, liver, heart, testes) of guined pigs during experimentally induced hypercholesterolemia. During 12 weeks the animals received experimental diets containg 10% or 20% of energy from animal fats (butter, lard 2:3), sunflower oil or low-erucic rapeseed oil. Two control groups were chosen, receiving diets for animals without cholesterol or with 0.1% cholesterol added. The addition of cholesterol to the diet raised the content of the essential unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the adipose fat and hepatic lipids, and decreased their content in myocardial lipids. In testicular lipids changes were noted in the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The addition of vegetable fats to the diet increased the content of linoleic acid in these tissues with a simultaneous decrease of arachidonic acid synthesis. It may be supposed that there is an upper range of arachidonic acid synthesis in the lipids of the studied tissues independent of dietary EFA and PUFA value.

PL

Oznaczano wpływ ilości i jakości tłuszczu na skład kwasów tłuszczowych lipidów surowicy krwi i wybranych tkanek (tłuszcz zapasowy, wątroba, serca, jądra) świnek morskich w warunkach doświadczalnej hipercholesterolemii. Zwierzętom podawano w ciągu 12 tygodni diety doświadczalne zawierające 10% i 20% energii z tłuszczu zwierzęcego (masło, smalec 2; 3), oleju słonecznikowego lub oleju rzepakowego bezerukowego. Zastosowano dwie grupy kontrolne otrzymujące diety hodowlane bez cholesterolu oraz z dodatkiem 0.1% cholesterolu. Stwierdzono, że dodatek cholesterolu do diety hodowlanej wywołuje wzrost zawartości NNKT i PUFA w tłuszczu zapasowym i lipidach wątroby, przy jednoczesnym spadku tych kwasów w lipidach serca. W lipidach jąder stwierdzono zmiany w sytezie długołańcuchowych wielonienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych. Dodatek do diety tłuszczów roślinnych zwiększa zawartość kwasu linolowego w badanych tkankach, przy jednoczesnym hamowaniu syntezy kwasu arachidonowego. Można przypuszczać, że istnieje określony górny limit syntezy kwasu arachidonowego w lipidach badanych tkanek niezależnie od ilości NNKT i PUFA w diecie.

5

Hypercholesterolemia and prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the light of preventive medical examinations of employees in Poland

75%

Śliż D. , Marcinkiewicz A. , Olejniczak D. , Jankowski P. , Staniszewska A. , Mamcarz A. , Walusiak-Skorupa J.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2019

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tom 32

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nr 6

865-872

EN

Long-term exposure to hypercholesterolemia is the cause of atherosclerosis, which in turn causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. In developed countries, including Poland, vascular diseases are the main cause of death. They affect an ever younger part of the population, including the working population. The authors address the problem of epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases, unsatisfactory detection and treatment, economic consequences for the health care system, and the possibilities of using occupational medicine services in the prevention of this health problem. Due to the fact that the early detection of diseases caused by high blood cholesterol levels is relatively low in Poland, obligatory occupational medicine examinations seem to be a key element of the second-line prevention. Therefore, it seems natural to consider the idea of extending the scope of obligatory examinations and introducing tests that allow lipid disorders to be detected at an early stage. This can contribute to a general improvement of the health of the population, and to economic benefits, such as a decrease in the costs of treatment of the disorders that have been detected too late. Broadening the scope of occupational examinations is also important from the perspective of public health and epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases, thus being an element of prevention of civilization diseases. It means improving health and building health awareness, and it should translate into regular health examinations. The performance of these examinations should result not only from the obligation, but also from the patient’s conviction about the importance of early detection of disorders, including lipid disorders, for an effective therapy. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(6):865–72

6

PCSK9 – nowe perspektywy farmakoterapii hipolipemizującej u pacjentów z chorobą wieńcową

75%

Pauli N. , Rac M.

Farmacja Polska

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2020

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tom 76

|

nr 6

312-317

EN

Optimal hypolipemic therapy reduces the risk of cardiovascular death. The drugs used in Poland are: statins, ion exchange resins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, fibrates and proprotein subtylsin/cexin type 9 converting enzyme inhibitors (PCSK9). The function of PCSK9 is to bind receptors for LDL (LDLR) and reduce their amount in cell membrane, mainly hepatocytes and in circulation. The gene encoding PCSK9 is located on chromosome 1p32.3. The mature transcript consists of 12 exons, 692 amino acids. PCSK9 is synthesised as a zymogen and consists of several domains. The N-domain is a catalytic site inhibitor causing the mature PCSK9 protein to be catalytically neutral. PCSK9 acts through the transcription factor SREBP-2 - a protein that binds steroid response sequences. It is a mechanism of regulation through feedback. The LDLR receptor contains a domain structurally similar to the epithelial growth factor EGF-A, which is essential for recirculating the receptor from the endosome to the cell membrane. PCSK9 binds to this fragment of LDLR. Binding of EGF-A fragment by PCSK9 leads to internalisation of LDLR and its retention in the cell followed by degradation in lysosomes. A slightly different mechanism of action of PCSK9 is also possible. It binds inside the LDLR cell which has been internalized after the LDL particle has been attached. Then such a complex is degraded in the lysosome. The expression of PCSK9 promotes apoB100 secretion in liver cells. Thus, PCSK9 provides homeostasis in intracellular cholesterol transport. The polymorphism of a single nucleotide of PCSK9 gene associated with overexpression of PCSK9 protein leads to increased LDLR degradation in lysosomes. Decreasing the amount of LDLR results in a decrease in the receptor capture of LDL particles and prolongation of their retention in plasma. In this situation, LDL particles may undergo chemical modification (oxidation, glycosylation) and damage endothelial cells. Inhibition of PCSK9 gene expression or inhibition of PCSK9 activity is the aim of therapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and its complications. The drugs injected are interfering RNA and monoclonal antibodies. Studies confirm that by reducing the activity of SREBP-2, PCSK9 inhibitors are effective in reducing plasma LDL concentration, not only preventing LDLR degradation, but also reducing PCSK9 itself from liver. Thus, they reduce the risk of cardiovascular death or the need for hospitalization due to unstable coronary disease and coronary revascularization. The knowledge of molecular basis of PCSK9 and its inhibitors seems important in clinical practice due to the need of using these drugs in the treatment of lipid disorders, in accordance with the current cardiologic standards.

PL

Optymalna terapia hipolipemizująca zmniejsza ryzyko zgonu z przyczyn sercowo-naczyniowych. Lekami stosowanymi w Polsce są: statyny, żywice jonowymienne, inhibitory wchłaniania cholesterolu, fibraty i inhibitory proproteinowej konwertazy subtylizyny/keksyny typu 9 (PCSK9). Funkcją PCSK9 jest wiązanie receptorów dla LDL (LDLR) i zmniejszenie ich ilości w błonie komórkowej, głównie hepatocytów oraz w układzie krążenia. Gen kodujący PCSK9 jest zlokalizowany na chromosomie 1p32.3. Dojrzały transkrypt składa się z 12 eksonów, z 692 aminokwasów. PCSK9 syntetyzowany jest w postaci zymogenu i składa się z kilku domen. N-domena jest inhibitorem miejsca katalitycznego powodując, że dojrzałe białko PCSK9 jest katalitycznie obojętne. PCSK9 działa poprzez czynnik transkrypcyjny SREBP-2 – (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2) białko wiążące sekwencje odpowiedzi na sterole. Jest to mechanizm regulacji poprzez sprzężenie zwrotne. Receptor LDLR (low density lipoprotein receptor) zawiera domenę EGF-A (epidermal growth factor). PCSK9 wiąże się z tym fragmentem LDLR, co prowadzi do jego internalizacji i zatrzymania w komórce, a następnie degradacji w lizosomach. PCSK9 może też wiązać LDLR wewnątrz komórki. Nadekspresja białka PCSK9 prowadzi do zwiększenia degradacji LDLR w lizosomach. Zahamowanie ekspresji genu PCSK9 lub zahamowanie aktywności białka PCSK9 jest celem terapii w leczeniu hipercholesterolemii i jej powikłań. Lekami podawanymi w iniekcjach są małe interferujące RNA (siRNA, small interfering RNA) i przeciwciała monoklonalne. Badania potwierdzają, że zmniejszając aktywność SREBP-2, inhibitory PCSK9 są skuteczne w redukcji stężenia LDL w osoczu, nie tylko zapobiegając degradacji LDLR, ale też zmniejszając wydzielanie samego PCSK9 z wątroby. Znajomość molekularnych podstaw mechanizmu działania PCSK9 i jego inhibitorów wydaje się ważna w praktyce klinicznej, z uwagi na konieczność stosowania tych leków w terapii zaburzeń lipidowych.

7

Hypercholesterolemia antagonized heart adaptation and functional remodeling of the mitochondria observed in acute diabetes mellitus subjected to ischemia/reperfusion injury

75%

Ferko M. , Farkasova V. , Jasova M. , Kancirova I. , Ravingerova T. , Duris Adameova A. , Andelova N. , Waczulikova I.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

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2018

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tom 69

|

nr 5

8

Ultrastructural studies of the liver during experimental hypercholesterolaemia

75%

Fortak A. , Fortak W.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

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1999

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tom 37

|

nr 2

9

Synergistic antiproliferative activity of tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] and lovastatin

75%

Sora M. K. , Kruszewski A. A. , Stoklosa T. , Czyzyk J. , Lasek W. , Malejczyk J. , Jakobisiak M.

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tom 42

|

nr 4

10

Critical evaluation of normotensive rats as models for hypercholesterolaemia-induced atherosclerosis

75%

Pisulewski P. M. , Kostogrys R. B. , Lorkowska B. , Bartus M. , Chlopicki S.

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tom 14

|

nr 2

11

Wpływ melatoniny na czynność układu sercowo-naczyniowego

63%

Sewerynek E.

Folia Medica Lodziensia

|

2010

|

tom 37

|

nr 1

69-87

EN

The ageing process is associated with an increasing number of cardiovascular incidents, both acute and chronic. Also the concentrations of certain hormones undergo a gradual decrease with age, including: oestrogens, androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroapiandrosterone sulphate or melatonin. The association between melatonin and circulation has been the subject of interest for the last few years. It has also been demonstrated that the vasospastic or vasodilative effects of melatonin depend on the activation of certain receptors by the hormone. Cardioprotective effects of melatonin have been demonstrated in both experimental and clinical studies. In cardiac ischemia-reperfusion models or in the course of oxidative process induction, following the administration of medical agents with cardiotoxic effects, protective effects of melatonin have been demonstrated. In patients with ischaemic heart disease, lower nocturnal melatonin concentrations were found vs. those in a group of healthy persons; the more severe cardiac disease and the higher risk for sudden cardiac death, the lower melatonin concentrations are observed. Lower melatonin concentrations have also been confirmed in patients with hypercholesteronaemia and increased LDL-cholesterol fraction levels, as well as in patients with arterial hypertension. Melatonin administration normalised blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension. The presented paper aims at summarising the up-to-date knowledge of the role of melatonin in circulation control.

PL

melatonin. The association between melatonin and circulation has been the subject of interest for the last few years. It has also been demonstrated that the vasospastic or vasodilative effects of melatonin depend on the activation of certain receptors by the hormone. Cardioprotective effects of melatonin have been demonstrated in both experimental and clinical studies. In cardiac ischemia-reperfusion models or in the course of oxidative process induction, following the administration of medical agents with cardiotoxic effects, protective effects of melatonin have been demonstrated. In patients with ischaemic heart disease, lower nocturnal melatonin concentrations were found vs. those in a group of healthy persons; the more severe cardiac disease and the higher risk for sudden cardiac death, the lower melatonin concentrations are observed. Lower melatonin concentrations have also been confirmed in patients with hypercholesteronaemia and increased LDL-cholesterol fraction levels, as well as in patients with arterial hypertension. Melatonin administration normalised blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension. The presented paper aims at summarising the up-to-date knowledge of the role of melatonin in circulation control.

12

Selected aspects of endothelial dysfunction and their influence on the atherosclerosis process modeled and analyzed by Petri net based approach

63%

Formanowicz D. , Kozak A. , Formanowicz P.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2011

|

tom 92

|

nr 4

13

Zaburzenia lipidowe u pacjentów z zawrotami głowy

63%

Zielińska-Bliźniewska H. , Urbaniak J. , Jałocha-Kaczka A. , Michalska J. , Olszewski J.

Aktualności Neurologiczne

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2012

|

tom 12

|

nr 3

143-148

EN

Introduction: The aim of this work was to evaluate lipid disorders in patients with vertigo. Material and methods: Study population included a group of 918 patients, thereof 598 women and 320 men, aged 18–83 (mean age 55±0.5 years), treated for vertigo at the Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Military Medical Academy, University Teaching Hospital in Lodz since 2009 thru 2011. Each patient underwent a detailed interview with otolaryngological, otoneurological, neurological and ophthalmological examination as well as transcranial ultrasound and computed tomography of cervical spine and head to exclude organic diseases of central nervous system. Laboratory tests included serum total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum HDL and LDL, and serum glucose levels. Results: Among 918 vertigo patients,539 cases (58.71%) had central vertigo whereas 379 (41.28%) – mixed vertigo, thereof 366 women (67.90%) with central vertigo and 232 (61.21%) with mixed vertigo. Among 320 men (34.78%), 173 (32.09%) had central vertigo and 147 (38.78%) – mixed vertigo. Lipid fraction analysis in patients with vertigo revealed elevated total cholesterol levels in 67.03% of patients studied, thereof 71.34% men and 64.76% women. Higher LDL cholesterol levels were found in 51.57% of the patients, thereof 54.83% men and 49.83% women. HDL cholesterol levels were normal in most of the patients (61.99%). Triglyceride (69.45%) and glucose (59.25% men and 67.78% women) levels were within normal limits. Conclusions: Lipid disorders, particularly those expressed by elevated total cholesterol and LDL fraction, can be considered as risk factors in vertigo.

PL

Wprowadzenie: Celem pracy była ocena zaburzeń lipidowych u pacjentów z zawrotami głowy. Materiał i metody: Badania przeprowadzono na grupie 918 chorych, w tym 598 kobiet i 320 mężczyzn, w wieku 18–83 lat (średnia wieku 55±0,5), leczonych w latach 2009–2011 w Klinice Otolaryngologii i Onkologii Laryngologicznej z Zespołem Pracowni Audiologicznych i Foniatrycznych Uniwersyteckiego Szpitala Klinicznego im. WAM w Łodzi z powodu zawrotów głowy. U wszystkich chorych przeprowadzono szczegółowy wywiad, badanie przedmiotowe otolaryngologiczne, otoneurologiczne. Każdy pacjent był konsultowany neurologicznie, okulistycznie i internistycznie oraz miał wykonywane USG naczyń doczaszkowych, tomografię komputerową odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa i głowy w celu wykluczenia schorzeń organicznych ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Przeprowadzono także badania laboratoryjne, takie jak stężenie cholesterolu całkowitego, triglicerydy, frakcję cholesterolu LDL i HDL oraz stężenie glukozy w surowicy krwi. Wyniki: W grupie 18 pacjentów z zawrotami głowy u 539 (58,71%) miały one pochodzenie ośrodkowe, a u 379 chorych (41,28%) charakter mieszany, w tym u 366 kobiet (67,90%) rozpoznano zawroty pochodzenia ośrodkowego, a u 232 (61,21%) typu mieszanego. Spośród 320 mężczyzn (34,78%) z zawrotami głowy u 173 (32,09%) stwierdzono zawroty pochodzenia ośrodkowego, a u 147 (38,78%) typu mieszanego. Analizując stężenia frakcji lipidów u badanych, odnotowano podwyższone wartości cholesterolu całkowitego u 67,03% z nich, w tym u 71,34% mężczyzn i 64,76% kobiet. Podwyższone stężenia frakcji cholesterolu LDL zaobserwowano u 51,57% pacjentów, w tym u 54,83% mężczyzn i 49,83% kobiet. Frakcja HDL cholesterolu u większości chorych (61,99%) była w normie. Również stężenie triglicerydów u większości badanych (u 69,45%) nie odbiegało od normy, podobnie jak stężenie glukozy (u 59,25% mężczyzn oraz 67,78% kobiet). Wnioski: Zaburzenia lipidowe, zwłaszcza cholesterolu całkowitego i frakcji LDL w surowicy krwi, mogą być jedną z przyczyn zawrotów głowy.

14

Modulatory effect of concomitant administration of sitagliptin and vitamin E on inflammatory biomarkers in rats fed with high fat diet: role of adiponectin

63%

Sakr H. F. , Abbas A. M. , Khalil K. , Shata A. M.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

|

2019

|

tom 70

|

nr 6

15

Bile acid transport in hypercholesterolemic resistant rabbits

63%

Izzat N. N. , Overturf M. , Weisbrodt N. W. , Loose D. S.

|

nr 3

79-84

EN

We examined bile acid transport and expression of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) in ileal preparations to determine if alterations in bile acid excretion contributed to a hypercholesterolemia-resistant phenotype in rabbits (CRT/mlo). Taurocholate transport was not different between normal (NR) and CRT/mlo rabbits fed regular diet. However, feeding cholesterol-enriched diet reduced taurocholate transport significantly in CRT/mlo rabbits (0.53±0.06 pmol/µg protein) compared to regular diet (0.95±0.14 pmol/µg protein), but had no effect in NR rabbits. Cholesterol-enriched diet increased ASBT mRNA in CRT/mlo (2.6 ± 0.7 to 5.4 ± 0.1); no significant changes occurred in NR. Some CRT/mlo rabbits carry a polymorphism in ASBT at amino acid 333 (P333L). In transfected HEK293 cells, TC transport of P333L allele was significantly lower (0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.13 ± 0.01 pmol/µg protein/15 sec, P< 0.05). This allele was not found in NR rabbits. The data suggest that the phenotype of the CRT/mlo rabbit is due to changes in bile acid transport as well as bile acid metabolism.

16

The current view on biological potency of cationically modified chitosan

63%

Stefan J. , Lorkowska-Zawicka B. , Kaminski K. , Szczubialka K. , Nowakowska M. , Korbut R.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

|

2014

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tom 65

|

nr 3

17

Molecular characterization of Polish patients with familial hypercholesterolemia: novel and recurrent LDLR mutations

63%

Chmara M. , Wasag B. , Zuk M. , Kubalska J. , Wegrzyn A. , Bednarska-Makaruk M. , Pronicka E. , Wehr H. , Defesche J. C. , Rynkiewicz A. , Limon J.

Journal of Applied Genetics

|

2010

|

tom 51

|

nr 1

95-106

EN

Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is caused by mutations in the genes coding for the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB), or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). In this study, a molecular analysis of LDLR and APOB was performed in a group of 378 unrelated ADH patients, to explore the mutation spectrum that causes hypercholesterolemia in Poland. All patients were clinically diagnosed with ADH according to a uniform protocol and internationally accepted WHO criteria. Mutational analysis included all exons, exon-intron boundaries and the promoter sequence of the LDLR, and a fragment of exon 26 of APOB. Additionally, the MLPA technique was applied to detect rearrangements within LDLR. In total, 100 sequence variations were identified in 234 (62%) patients. Within LDLR, 40 novel and 59 previously described sequence variations were detected. Of the 99 LDLR sequence variations, 71 may be pathogenic mutations. The most frequent LDLR alteration was a point mutation p.G592E detected in 38 (10%) patients, followed by duplication of exons 4-8 found in 16 individuals (4.2%). Twenty-five cases (6.6%) demonstrated the p.R3527Q mutation of APOB. Our findings imply that major rearrangements of the LDLR gene as well as 2 point mutations (p.G592E in LDLR and p.R3527Q in APOB) are frequent causes of ADH in Poland. However, the heterogeneity of LDLR mutations detected in the studied group confirms the requirement for complex molecular studies of Polish ADH patients.

18

A note on the development of a rat model for cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism - short report

63%

Pisulewski P. M. , Kopec A. , Cieslik E.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2002

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tom 11/52

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nr 4

EN

Twenty-four growing male rats of Wistar strain, weighing initially 120±3.5 g were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each and fed four different diets for 14 days: I - control diet (AIN-93G with soybean oil as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g), II - high-cholesterol diet (AIN-93G with soybean oil as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g + 1 g/100 g cholesterol), III - high-cholesterol diet (AIN-93G with lard as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g + + 1 g/100 g cholesterol), and IV - high-cholesterol diet (AIN-93G with lard as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g lard + 1 g/100 g cholesterol + 0.5 g/100 g cholic acid). On the day 14, the rats were anaesthetized and killed by withdrawing blood from the heart to obtain serum samples. The most striking increases (PcO.Ol) in the serum total and LDL+VLDL cholesterol were induced by the diet containing lard and supplemented with cholesterol + cholic acid (Group IV). Conversely, feeding the above diet to rats produced minimum (P<0.01) concentrations of the serum HDL cholesterol. It is concluded that the present animal model may be useful for evaluating the role of dietary factors in the development or regression of hypercholesterolemia.

PL

Badania przeprowadzono na 24 rosnących szczurach albinotycznych (osobnikach męskich szczepu Wistar) o początkowej masie ciała 120±3,5 g. Zwierzęta rozdzielono losowo do 4 równoliczebnych grup (6 osobników w grupie), które żywiono czterema dietami półsyntetycznymi (tab. 1) przez 14 dni: I - kontrola - dieta AIN-93G z olejem sojowym jako źródłem tłuszczu: 7 g/100 g, II - dieta AIN-93G z olejem sojowym jako źródłem tłuszczu: 7 g/100 g + cholesterol 1 g/100 g, III - dieta AIN-93G ze smalcem jako źródłem tłuszczu: 7 g/100 g + cholesterol 1 g/100 g, IV - dieta AIN-93G ze smalcem jako źródłem tłuszczu: 7 g/100 g + cholesterol 1 g/100 g + kwas cholowy 0,5 g/100 g. Po zakończeniu doświadczenia, od szczurów w stanie narkozy, pobierano krew przez nakłucie serca. W uzyskanej surowicy krwi oznaczano enzymatycznie zawartość cholesterolu całkowitego, frakcji HDL oraz triacylgliceroli. Zawartość cholesterolu frakcji LDL+VLDL obliczano jako różnicę pomiędzy zawartością cholesterolu całkowitego i frakcji HDL. Najwyższy poziom cholesterolu całkowitego i frakcji LDL+VLDL, a także najniższy poziom frakcji HDL, uzyskano u szczurów żywionych dietą IV (tab. 2). W podsumowaniu, możliwość wywołania drastycznej hipercholesterolemii u szczura laboratoryjnego pozwala na wykorzystanie tego modelu zwierzęcego do badań nad żywieniowymi czynnikami rozwoju lub regresji hipercholesterolemii.

19

Effect of oxidised repeseed oil with garlic on the concentration of 7-ketocholesterol, malondialdehyde, and free fatty acids in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits

63%

Zalejska-Fiolka J. , Kasperczyk A. , Kasperczyk S. , Blaszczyk U. , Birkner E.

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nr 3

EN

The influence of a balanced diet (21 g% protein, 34 g% fat, 45 g% carbohydrate) with an isocaloric addition of non-oxidised or oxidised rapeseed oil, with and without garlic, on the development of hypercholesterolaemia was examined in 18 adult male rabbits divided into 3 equal groups. The rabbits from group 1 were fed fresh rapeseed oil, group II - received oxidised rapeseed oil, and group III - was given oxidised rapeseed oil and garlic. The concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and free fatty acids (FAME) in blood serum was determined. The experiment lasted 24 weeks. At the beginning, and every six weeks, the rabbits were weighed and blood was taken. After the experiment was completed, the aorta was dissected for histological examinations. It was found that oxidised rapeseed oil caused an increase in the concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and FAME at the end of the experiment. MDA concentration increased in the 6th week of the experiment but did not appreciably change at the end of it. The obtained results suggested that the diet caused the development of hypercholesterolaemic alterations in the aorta wall and increased temporarily the level of 7-ketocholesterol, FAME, and MDA. Diet rich in oxidised oil modified significantly homeostasis of lipids in plasma and blood serum. The administration of garlic in such a diet inhibited atherosclerotic changes in the aorta wall and this seemed to be related to the decreasing concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and MDA in plasma and FAME in blood serum.

20

Profilaktyka hipercholesterolemii w populacji kobiet

51%

Szostak W. B. , Cybulska B.

Żywność, Żywienie a Zdrowie

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1999

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tom 08

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nr 3

271-272