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1 Krzemiński T.

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Krajobraz higieniczno-estetyczny miast i wsi pomorskich w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym

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Krzemiński T.

nr 2

35-56

Pomerania in the Second Republic of Poland was considered to be a civilized region, particularly with respect to the lands which were formerly under Russian rule and to Galicia. Legal regulations and technical infrastructure inherited from the Prussians met the highest sanitary-hygienic criteria. The period of WWI, exceptionally hard life conditions in the first years after the war, the change of political and economic relations entailed lowering the sanitary and esthetic condition of Pomeranian towns and villages. It affected the image of the new Polish state negatively. The state and local authorities started to fight neglect and bad habits, wishing to improve the sanitary condition and to eliminate the negative stereotype of “Polish economy”. The administrative measures to enhance the level of hygiene and the esthetic condition of districts took place aft er a medical doctor Felicjan Sławoj Składkowski became Home Secretary in October 1926. The minister’s directives contributed to sorting out many neglected issues related to hygienic culture, also in Pomerania. The continuous scrutiny of the police and authorities, giving high fines for not following directives reduced the initial reluctance of Pomeranian society to improve the hygienic level. In many cases sanitary and esthetic conditions of towns and villages improved (i.e. bigger towns – Toruń, Grudziądz, Gdynia; smaller towns – Chełmża), but there still remained poor districts where sanitary conditions were far from any civilized norms.