Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Bicarbonate and calcium-magnesium hydrochemical indicators for the assessment of human impact on the groundwater chemistry – a case study from the Holy Cross Mts. region (Poland)

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Prażak J. P.

Geological Quarterly

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2013

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tom Vol. 57, No. 1

135–-140

EN

Hydrochemical indicators are widely used for assessment of groundwater chemistry. They were established mainly for mineral water in order to understand their origin and chemical classification. In the case of fresh water, they are used occasionally because quality classifications are based on concentrations of individual components and physical properties in relation to the permissible standards established for water intended for human consumption. Natural in Polish climate, bicarbonate-calcium and bicarbonate-calcium-magnesium waters are commonly used for drinking. In many places, ions emitted from pollution outbreaks have already caused chemical changes of water and it is often the first symptom of their contamination. The author has evaluated the scope and trends of these changes in the groundwater of the Holy Cross region in Poland using the bicarbonate and calcium-magnesium indicators.

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Hydrochemical zoning of valley peatlands as a result of water supply conditions: examples from Poland

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Ziułkiewicz M. , Fortuniak A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2016

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tom Vol. 42, no. 1

39--53

EN

The chemical composition of water from two peatlands was investigated. Both peatlands, which are nature reserves, are located in central Poland in the Widawka and Rawka River valleys. The study concerned groundwaters, peat waters from different depths, and waters from draining ditches. The research permitted determination of the hydrochemical zoning of the peatlands resulting from the complex character of the water supply. The hydrochemical interpretation of surface waters outflowing alongside the ditches, in terms of their similarity to particular zones, provides an insight into the water-feeding structure of the peatlands. In the evaluation, hydrochemical indicators were applied, which have been used in hydrogeological studies. They are based on equivalent concentrations of the major ions: sodium, calcium, chlorides, and sulphates, selected from other hydrochemical elements by means of principal component analysis (PCA), conducted individually for each peatland. The analyses showed a high contribution of unconfined and confined groundwaters to the water supply, with clearly distinguishable zones, in terms of their transit through the structures of the peatlands.

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Leech communities in the upper reaches of the Stepnica River (nw Poland)

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Raczyńska M. , Chojnacki J. C. , Hałupka M.

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tom Vol. 15, nr 3

70--75

EN

The paper describes taxonomic composition of leeches (Hirudinea) in the strongly anthropogenically altered upper reaches of the Stepnica River in Western Pomerania. The numbers of respective species of the Hirudinea were analyzed in the context of such environmental factors as: instantaneous flow, dissolved oxygen content, and calcium content. It was noted that most leech species inhabited the headstream, and factors deterrent to their occurrence included the presence of hydrogen sulfate and siltation.

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Analysis of Trends and Impacts of Anthropogenic Factors on Groundwater Quality

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Smyrnov V. , Mitryasova O. , Salamon I. , Mats A. , Chvyr V.

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 7

210--218

EN

The study is dedicated the dynamics of groundwater quality in the Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) during the period from 2021 to 2024. It was determined that the concentration of chlorides, sulfates and mineralization in water in 2022 increased by 2–3 times (1190 mg/dm3 ) compared to 2021 (453 mg/dm3 ), which is due to the use of sea water in the central water supply and the consequences of a man-made disaster that arose under the influence of military operations. Trends in changes in water quality depending on the season and the influence of various factors on the geochemical composition of underground water resources are analyzed. The results obtained indicate a change in groundwater quality. According to the water quality classification according to the water pollution index (WPI), the observed trend indicates a transition from water of quality class II, characterized as “clean water”, to water of quality class III, which reflects a moderate level of pollution.

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Temporal Patterns of Quality Surface Water Changes

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Mitryasova O. , Pohrebennyk V. , Salamon I. , Oleksiuk A. , Mats A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 4

283--295

EN

The dynamics of hydrochemical parameters of surface waters from the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river was analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of temporal and spatial monitoring data, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental status of the Inhulets river (Ukraine) waters by hydrochemical indicators was carried out. The study performed a comparative analysis of the river water quality assessment using different methods: an integrated assessment based on the calculation of water pollution indexes, pollution rate. A result of the evaluation of water quality in certain classes: in terms of ammonium ions and BOD5 – III quality class, the water is slightly polluted; phosphate content – V quality class, water is very low in the bottom; according to the content of suspended solids, in phosphates and BOD5 – III class of water quality, water is polluted; by a concentration of chlorides – V class of quality, degree of purity – very dirty; the value of suspended solids and chlorides – III class; in terms of the sulfate content – IV class. In general, the very excessive concentration of substances in the middle course remains stable, the environmental state is poor (quality class IV).

6

Hydrochemical Indicators Dynamic in Surface Water

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Mitryasova O. , Cieśla M. , Nosyk A. , Mats A.

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tom Vol. 22, nr 8

111--122

EN

On the basis of the analysis of wide temporal monitoring data, a forecast of the integrated hydrochemical indicators of the waters of the Inhul river (Ukraine) was carried out. The performed analysis was also the basis for the determination of a mathematical model of natural fluctuations of the indicators studied. The determined sinusoidal dependence of the integrated water quality indicators allowed determining the average time of fluctuations concerning the processes of self-organisation of river waters. In practice, the developed mathematical models may constitute a valuable support and supplement to the existing models in the field of prediction of self-organization processes of river waters. They may also contribute to even more effective minimization of undesirable effects of anthropogenic impact on aquatic ecosystems.

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Mineralne wody lecznicze Iwonicza Zdroju w świetle badań wskaźników hydrochemicznych

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Winid B. , Lewkiewicz-Małysa A.

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2005

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tom T. 21, z. 2

49-67

PL

Wody mineralne Iwonicza Zdroju związane są z II i III poziomem piaskowców ciężkowickich jednostki śląskiej. Są to wody kwasowęglowe typu Cl-HC03-Na i typu HC03-CI-Na, zawierające między innymi takie składniki swoiste, jak jodki i bromki. W artykule przedstawiono wskaźniki hydrochemiczne wykorzystywane przy charakterystyce wód zasolonych i analizowano ich wartości w porównaniu do wody morskiej i wód zamkniętych struktur geologicznych. Wartości wskaźnika chlorkowo-bromkowego Cl/Br < 300 i wskaźnika siarczanowości [...] świadczą o współwystępowaniu wód mineralnych Iwonicza za złożami bituminów. Natomiast inne wskaźniki oparte na zawartości jonów: Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl- i HCO3- świadczą o zasilaniu ujęć z aktywnej strefy wymiany wody. Na podstawie porównania wartości stosunków jonowych w wodach ośmiu ujęć stwierdzono, że wraz z mineralizacją rośnie wartość wskaźnika [...], maleje natomiast wartość wskaźnika [...]. Zmiany chemizmu obserwowane na przestrzeni ostatnich kilkunastu lat dotyczą przede wszystkim zawartości jonów chlorkowych. Wysładzanie się wód dotyczy szczególnie wód o niższej mineralizacji. Korzystny z punktu widzenia balneologicznego wzrost zawartości CO2 może być przyczyną zmiany wartości pH.

EN

Mineral waters of Iwonicz Zdrój are connected with the second and the third Ievel of Ciężkowice sandstones of Śląsk unit. These are Cl-HCO3-Na and HCO3-CI-Na type acid carbon waters containing such specific components like iodide and bromide. In the paper hydrochemical indicators used for saline waters characterization have been presented and their value has been analysed in comparison to sea water and to waters of closed geological formation. The value of indicators chloro-bromide CI/Br < 300 and sulfatation indicator [...] prove the co-existence of mineral waters of Iwonicz and bitumin deposits. While the other indicators based on the ion content: Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, CI- and HCO3- speak about supplying water intakes from active zone of water exchange. On the basis of the comparison of ion ratio value in eight water intakes it has been stated that aIong with mineralization growth there is an increase in the [...] value indicator, and a decrease in the [...] value indicator. The changes in chemism that have been observed during the last few years concern mainly the content of chloride ions. Water freshening refers particularly to waters of lower mineralization. And the increase of CO2 content, beneficial from the balneological point of view, may be the cause of change in the pH value.

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Wody mineralne Rymanowa Zdroju - zależności między składnikami chemicznymi w okresie ostatnich dziesięciu lat

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Winid B. , Lewkiewicz-Małysa A.

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2006

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tom T. 22, z. 1

51-71

PL

W rejonie Rymanowa Zdroju występują wody nisko-, średnio- wysokozmineralizowane, które udostępniono zarówno w ich naturalnych wypływach (źródłach), jak i za pomocą odwiertów. Wody słabo- i średniozmineralizowane są typu HCO3-Ca i HCO3-Ca-Mg, natomiast wody wysokozmineralizowane typu HCO3-Cl-Na i Cl-HCO3-Na. Są to wody kwasowęglowe i szczawy zawierające takie składniki swoiste, jak jod, brom, fluor i kwas metaborowy. Na podstawie analiz chemicznych wykonywanych w ciągu ostatnich dziesięciu lat dla jedenastu ujęć policzono proporcje między jonami i porównywano ich wzajemne zależności oraz zmienność w badanym przedziale czasowym. W artykule przedstawiono wskaźniki hydrochemiczne wykorzystywane przy charakterystyce wód zasolonych i analizowano ich wartości w porównaniu do wody morskiej. Wartości wskaźnika chlorkowo-bromkowego i wskaźnika siarczanowości świadczą o związku wód mineralnych ze złożami bituminów. Zawartość Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3– i proporcje między tymi składnikami a zawartością chlorków są takie jak dla wód zwykłego obiegu hydrologicznego. Wody niskozmineralizowane różnią się zakresami wartości wskaźników: [...] a przede wszystkim wspomnianymi już wcześniej: [...]. Zmiany mineralizacji objawiające się przede wszystkim obniżeniem zawartości głównego składnika chlorków obserwowane na przestrzeni ostatnich dziesięciu lat dotyczą ujęć naturalnych wypływów wód wysokozmineralizowanych. Niekorzystne z punktu widzenia balneologicznego jest też obniżenie zawartości składników swoistych, które także obserwuje się głównie w ujęciach naturalnych wypływów wód wysokozmineralizowanych.

EN

In the region of Rymanów Zdrój lowly-mineralized, medium-mineralized and highly-mineralized waters occur. They have been made accessible both at their natural outflows (springs) and by bore-holes. Lowly--mineralized and medium-mineralized waters are of HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Ca-Mg type while highly mineralized waters are of HCO3-Cl-Na and Cl-HCO3-Na type. These are acid carbon and oxalate waters containing such during the last ten years for eleven water intakes, the proportion among the ions has been calculated and ions interrelations and variability during the examined period of time have been compared. Hydrochemical indicators used for saline water characterization have been presented in this article and their value has been analyzed in comparison to the sea water. The values of the chloro-bromide indicator and sulfatation indicator prove the co-existence of mineral waters and bitumin deposits. The content of: Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl– and HCO3– as well as the proportions between these components and the chloride content are the same as those of the regular hydrological cycle. Lowly-mineralized waters differ in the range of indicators value: [...] and above all they differ in the already mentioned: [...]. Changes of mineralization manifesting mainly by the reduction in the content of the main chloride component, observed during the last ten years, refer to the natural outflows of highly-mineralized waters. From the balneological point of view the reduction in the content of the specific components, observed mainly in the intakes of highly-mineralized waters natural outflows as well, seems to be unfavourable.

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Wody termalne Uniejowa w świetle interpretacji wskaźników hydrochemicznych

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Sapińska-Śliwa A. , Lewkiewicz-Małysa A. , Winid B.

Wiertnictwo, Nafta, Gaz

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2011

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tom T. 28, z. 1-2

359-369

PL

Wody termalne Uniejowa zostały udokumentowane trzema otworami wiertniczymi: Uniejów IGH-1, Uniejów PIG/AGH-1 i Uniejów PIG/AGH-2. Wody te występują w warstwie piaskowca dolnokredowego budującego synklinorium mogileńsko-łódzkiego. Są to wody typu chlorkowo-sodowego (Cl-Na) wykorzystywane do celów ciepłowniczych, rekreacyjnych i balneologicznych. Na podstawie analiz chemicznych wód policzono proporcje między jonami i porównano ich wzajemne zależności. Wartości wskaźników są odzwierciedleniem procesów zachodzących podczas krążenia wód w strefach ich przepływu. Dyskutowane wartości wskaźników oraz ich zmienności mogą świadczyć o związku z aktywną strefą wymiany.

EN

Thermal waters in Uniejów have been documented using three geothermal wells: Uniejów IGH-1, Uniejów PIG/AGH-1 and PIG/AGH-2. These waters occur in Lower Cretaceous sandstone layer builds synclinorium mogileńsko-lodz. These are the type of water-sodium chloride (Cl-Na) is used for heating, recreation and balneology. Based on chemical analysis of water balance between the ions were counted and compared to their mutual dependence. Index values are a reflection of processes occurring during water circulation in the areas of their movements. Discussed the indicators and their variability may indicate a connection with the exchange of active zone.

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Chemizm niezagospodarowanych wód mineralnych rejonu Buska-Zdroju i Solca-Zdroju

63%

Chowaniec J. , Gągulski T. , Gorczyca G.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2015

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tom Vol. 63, nr 10/1

645--651

EN

In Busko-Zdrój and Solec area two types of therapeutic waters: Cl–Na, S, I and Cl–Na, I are explored. Mineralization of these waters varies from 12.1 g/dm3 to 67.0 g/dm3 (brines). In this area we are also dealing with not utilized mineral water discharges appearing as springs as well as outflows in abandoned mineshafts. There are four chemical types with mineralization from 2.37 g/dm3 to 48.45 g/dm3. Water of the SO4–Ca type is related to a Miocene gypsum bearing series which is leached by meteoric water. This is a shallow water circulation. Water of the Cl–Na type (infiltrating brines) is linked to a deep water circulation occurring in the Upper Jurassic beds. Water of Cl–SO4–Na and Cl–SO4–Ca types is assorted water related to Miocene and Upper Cretaceous beds.