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1 Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

1 2011

1 Радун А.

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М. Муравьев и М. Катков в оптике польской прессы 2-ой половины ХIX в. На основании корпуса архивных материалов 2-ой газетной експедиции МИД и «ПШЕГЛОНДА ПОЛЬСКОГО»

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Радун А.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

2011

tom 2

109-119

Considerable interest to determine the origin of the formation of a negative stereotype of Russia in the Polish social consciousness in the 19th century is represented by the ratio of Polish conservative and liberal-democratic periodicals describing the government of the Russian empire, its Council of Ministers and public figures. Activities of such men as A. Gorchakov, D. Milutin, F. Berg were subject to severe criticism. The Polish press showed particular hostility in relation to M. Muravyov and M. Katkov. Each word of these two prominent representatives of their times was sharply criticised. Their actions were valued by the Russian government, so it was concluded they did not like Poles. In the Polish press these two names were mentioned more often than other public figures. Every step of the Russian government, which Poles considered to be violent policy of “moskalization”, was explained with socio-political activity of Muraviev who was given a popular nickname of the “hangman”, and publicist Katkov was called in the Polish press as “obscurantism”. These two men were more or less equally responsible for forming a negative image of Russia and Russians in the Polish press. All the negative aspects inherent in the Muscovite cumulate in the persons of Muravyov and Katkov. The issue of building pejorative image of the Russian public and political figures in the Polish press is still waiting to be researched. In our view, the actions of the Russian government and Russian press had a marked influence on the appearance of the image, then became the collective image of the Russian people from the Polish point of view.