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EN
Interest for possibilities of the industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) growing in Latvia is increasing year by year and they are considered as one of the most promising renewable biomass sources to replace non-renewable natural resources for manufacturing of wide range industrial products. The aim of this research was to evaluate of biomass potential of some industrial hemp varieties to be recommended to grow in Latvia and clarify carbon content. The biometric parameters of ten industrial hemp cultivars have been investigated in 2011-2012. Depending on the variety the green over-ground biomass varies from 36 - 54 t ha-1 in 2011 and from 48 - 75 t ha-1 in 2012. The highest green over-ground biomass was obtained cultivar ‘Futura 75’ up to 75 t ha-1. The carbon content in hemp stems was found from 41.62 – 45.38% . The article defines the key specific requirements for the hemp harvesting machines.
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2011
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tom 2
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nr 1
24-35
EN
This paper proposes a dynamic economic model with physical capital and renewable resources. Different from most of the neoclassical growth models with renewable resources which are based on microeconomic foundation and neglect physical capital accumulation, this study proposes a growth model with dynamics of renewable resources and physical capital accumulation. The model is a synthesis of the neoclassical growth theory and the traditional dynamic models of renewable resources with an alternative approach to household behavior. The model describes a dynamic interdependence among physical accumulation, resource change, and division of labor under perfect competition. Because of its refined economic structure, our study enables some interactions among economic variables which are not found in the existing literature on economic growth with renewable resources. We simulate the model to demonstrate the existence of equilibrium points and motion of the dynamic system. Our comparative dynamic analysis shows, for instance, that a rise in the propensity to consume the renewable resource increases the interest rate and reduces the national and production sector's capital stocks, wage rate and level of the consumption good. Moreover, it initially reduces and then increases the capital stocks of the resource sector and the consumption and price of the renewable resource. The stock of the renewable resource is initially increased and then reduced. Finally, labor is redistributed from the production to the resource sector.
EN
Potential water resources in the upstream part of the Komering sub-watershed, in March each year ranges from 645.49 m3/sec. With a debit of that size, it should be able to increase national agricultural production in South Sumatra, Indonesia. However, in August – September, the discharge of water availability in the upstream part of the Komering sub-watershed decreased to only 43.08 m3/sec. To analyze the reduced mainstay discharge of the Upstream Komering sub-watershed, due to poor land use practices in the upstream area and the effects of climate variability, it can be analyzed by analyzing land cover conditions, the value of rain variability, and the magnitude of evapotranspiration and validation of direct measurement of river discharge in the field. Changes in land use for the upstream part of the Komering sub-watershed, which are used mostly by residents as community plantation areas, have increased the critical condition of the upstream Komering sub-watershed area of 2,517,560 Km2, or about 65.66% of the total upstream Komering sub-watershed. From the measurement of debit data at the Perjaya Dam in the last fifteen years (2005–2019), the largest main discharge value in 2 weeks to two months in April was 241.67 m3/sec, while the smallest mainstay discharge occurred in the first 2 weeks of October at 54.69 m3/sec. A large difference between the largest and smallest mainstay discharge, it is necessary to think of a way so that the availability of water is always maintained throughout the year (the difference between the mainstay discharge between the rainy season and the dry season so that it is not so extreme). Some ways that can be done to maintain the availability of water include making a reservoir that can be used during the dry season, or increasing storage in the soil by reforestation and harvesting rain.
EN
We prove the existence of infinitely many periodic solutions and complicated dynamics, due to the presence of a topological horseshoe, for the classical Volterra predator-prey model with a periodic harvesting. The proof relies on some recent results about chaotic planar maps combined with the study of geometric features which are typical of linked twist maps.
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EN
Dunaliella salina accumulates large amounts of intracellular glycerol in response to the increases in salt concentration, thus is a potential source for producing fuel grade glycerol as an alternative to biodiesel-derived crude glycerol. D. salina lacks a cell wall; therefore the mode of harvesting Dunaliella cells is critical to avoid cell disruption caused by extreme engineering conditions. This study explored cell disruption and glycerol leakage of D. salina under various centrifugal stresses during cell harvesting. Results show a centrifugal g-force lower than 5000 g caused little cell disruption, while a g-force higher than 9000 g led to ~40% loss of the intact cells and glycerol yields from the recovered algal pellets. Theoretical calculations of the centrifugal stresses that could rupture Dunaliella cells were in agreement with the experimental results, indicating optimisation of centrifugation conditions is important for recovering intact cells of D. salina enriched in glycerol.
EN
Herbal plants and spices, due to their aromatic and medicinal properties, are widely used in pharmacy, cooking, cosmetology and agriculture. The increase in the number of willow plantations for energy crops has enhanced the interest of the salicylic glycosides contained in the willow bark which shows multidirectional pharmacological activity. The small-scale production of herbs and spices requires the application of agricultural machines and horticultural implements adjusted to the area cultivated. In this paper, the comprehensive characteristics of the medicinal properties of willow are presented. Newly developed machines used for the mechanisation of the establishment and cultivation of herbs and spices are also described. The machines presented are a part of the technology developed at the Rzeszow University of Technology which can also be used for the mechanisation of biomass production. In order to improve the physicochemical properties of the soil and increase the amount and quality of yield, natural organic fertilisers can be used. Therefore, the paper presents the correct method of storing manure and a device for the application of solid and liquid fertilizers to the soil as well as a device for monitoring the state of the soil-water environment.
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Content available Investigation on inertia characteristics of corncobs
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Content available remote Analiza możliwości mechanizacji zbioru warzyw gruntowych
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PL
Do zbioru warzyw gruntowych stosowane są coraz częściej specjalistyczne lub odpowiednio adaptowane maszyny. Przeanalizowano możliwości mechanizacji zbioru tych gatunków warzyw, które są najczęściej uprawiane w Polsce. Przedstawiono stosowane metody zbioru, uwarunkowania zastosowania zbioru kombajnowego oraz budowę i działanie wybranych maszyn.
EN
Recently the ground vegetables are more and more often harvested with specialistic or properly adapted machines. Paper analysed the possibilities to mechanize the harvesting of field cultivated vegetable species most frequently grown in Poland. The methods of harvesting, conditions of harvesters' application, construction and functioning of selected machines were discussed.
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Content available Zespoły żniwne do zbioru rzepaku
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PL
Przeprowadzono badania studyjne i eksploatacyjne dotyczące określenia ilości strat nasion rzepaku powodowanych przez zespoły żniwne kombajnów zbożowych. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań wykazano, że najwięcej strat nasion rzepaku powstaje przy zbiorze tradycyjnym (klasycznym) zespołem żniwnym z biernym rozdzielaczem łanu. Przeprowadzona modernizacja stołu zespołu żniwnego jak i zastosowanie aktywnego rozdzielacza łanu z napędem hydrostatycznym pozwoliła na obniżenie strat nasion podczas zbioru do poziomu 13-18 kg/ ha.
EN
The seed losses in working and studio researches of harvest headers were determined. It was resulted that the most losses of rapeseed were generated at traditional (classical) headers with passive divider. The modernization of toble the harvest header and active divider of canopy with hydrostatical driver allowed reduced the seed losses at harvest up to 13-18 kg/ha.
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