Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Regional passenger aircraft type of An-158 with a hybrid propulsion parametric concept

100%

Loginov V. , Ukrainets Y. , Kravchenko I. , Yelans’ky O. , Fil S. , Pushylin O.

|

tom Nr 4 (277)

14--26

EN

This study proposes a concept for the design and development of a modification of the An-158 regional passenger aircraft equipped with a hybrid propulsion system. The propulsion configuration includes two turboprop engines and two electric engines, with multidirectional propellers positioned symmetrically at the wing tips. This innovative design reduces wingtip vortices, decreasing inductive drag and improving aerodynamic efficiency. Parametric analyses were conducted using the modular software systems “Integration 2.1” and “Propeller 2.2” for typical flight profiles of the An-158. Despite the added weight from hybrid components, the modified aircraft design demonstrated reduced fuel consumption and harmful emissions in taxiing, takeoff, and climb modes. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid propulsion to enhance environmental performance while maintaining operational efficiency.

2

Investigation of Harmful Chemical Compounds from Dual-Fuelled Diesel Engine

84%

Smigins R. , Skrzek T. , Górska M. , Pawlak G.

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2020

|

tom Vol. 14, no 4

21--29

EN

This paper investigated the impact of the exhaust gas recirculation on the concentration of selected harmful chemical compounds from the AVL 5402 research diesel engine powered with diesel fuel (DF) and compressed natural gas (CNG). The engine was operated in the dual fuel mode. It means that the engine was conventionally fuelled by regular diesel fuel and simultaneously by CNG dosed into the inlet pipe. The necessary tests were carried out for the mixtures containing 30, 50 and 70% of CNG (by energy content) in the total chemical energy delivered together with diesel fuel (DF) into the combustion chamber. The research was conducted for the stationary conditions of the engine operation at 1200 rpm and constant 1004 Joules of a fuel chemical energy delivered in each cycle into the combustion chamber. Under such conditions, the impact of the EGR rate changed in range of 0–50% on the emissions of selected unburned hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) as well as particulate matter (PM), was evaluated. The obtained results confirmed that the EGR system is effective in the reduction of the NOx formation for all tested fuel mixtures. Nevertheless, it was found that the addition of CNG combusted in the diesel engine generates more harmful pollutants in comparison with diesel fuel. However, in some cases the concentration of NOx as well as PM was comparable or lower. It suggests that the combustion of CNG in diesels allows achieving environmental benefits. In this case, further optimization of the engine fuel supply system is necessary.

3

Transport morski a środowisko naturalne. Eksploatacja statków morskich. Zagrożenia. Szkodliwe emisje

84%

Markowski M. , Łajdych M.

|

tom nr 12

653--670

PL

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wpływ transportu morskiego na środowisko naturalne. Wymieniono i opisano główne emisje wytwarzane przez statki, oddziałowujące zarówno na środowisko jak i na człowieka. Przedstawiono również najważniejsze dokumenty międzynarodowe regulujące przeciwdziałanie wytwarzania zanieczyszczeń przez statki.

EN

The article presents the influence of the sea transport on the environment. It enumerates and describes mainly the vessels’ emission, affecting both the environment and human beings. Furthermore, the most important international documents regulating the counteracting the emission of vessels’ pollution are presented.

4

Analiza energetyczna i ekologiczna zastosowania wybranych systemów ogrzewania domu jednorodzinnego

84%

Marzec E.

|

tom Vol. 2

87--109

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy energetycznej dla domu jednorodzinnego. Zbadano wpływ zmiany lokalizacji na wielkość obciążenia cieplnego poddając analizie wspomniany wcześniej dom, zlokalizowany w różnych rejonach Polski. Łącznie zbadano sześć przypadków, dbając o to, aby wybrane lokalizacje znajdowały się w różnych strefach klimatycznych Polski. Na podstawie wielkości obciążenia cieplnego wybrano dwa skrajne przypadki, dla których dokonano dalszej analizy polegającej na określeniu rocznego zapotrzebowania cieplnego na cele grzewcze i przygotowania ciepłej wody, określeniu rocznego zużycia paliwa w zależności od rozpatrywanej technologii spalania tzn. technologia oparta o węgiel kamienny, olej opałowy lub gaz ziemny oraz kosztów zakupu paliwa. Kolejnym etapem pracy było określenie rocznych udziałów emisji poszczególnych związków szkodliwych m.in. CO2, SO2, NOx i metali ciężkich powstających ze spalenia w instalacji indywidualnej paliwa niezbędnego do zaspokojenia zapotrzebowania cieplnego dla omawianego domu. Zbadano również, jaki wpływ na ludzkie zdrowie oraz roślinność ma zaspokojenie potrzeb energetycznych tego budynku z zakładu elektrociepłowni. W celu oszacowania negatywnych efektów emisji zanieczyszczeń gazowych posłużono się programem EcoSense Web. Wartości wyrządzonych szkód przedstawiono w postaci monetarnej, jako koszty pokrycia lub naprawy zaistniałych szkód. Analizę zewnętrznych kosztów środowiskowych wykonano dla wybranych lokalizacji w Polsce, natomiast wyniki przedstawiono w dwóch wariantach tylko dla Polski oraz łącznie dla grupy krajów europejskich.

EN

In this article, the results of the energy analysis for a detached house are presented. Also, the impact of changing localization on a size of the heat demand was examined. The aforementioned house was analyzed in various parts of the Poland - altogether six cases were examined. All of the localizations were located in five different climate zones which we can meet in Poland. Based on the size of the thermal load, two extreme cases were selected. For this two cases, further analysis was made. The primary task of this analysis was to determine the annual heat demand for heating and domestic hot water needs. Annual fuel consumption has been calculated depending on the technology, such as boilers based on coal, heating gas oil or natural gas. Moreover, the assessment of fuel costs was performed. The next stage of the study consists of the determination of the annual emission of each harmful compounds. The harmful compounds including CO2, SO2, NOx and heavy metals, results from fuel combustion necessary to cover the heat demand for the house in the single installation of combustion. The impact on human health and crops was also examined. Influence on this factors was caused by producing energy requirement to cover analyzed building needs. The required energy is generated by CHP plant. EcoSense Web software were used to estimate the negative effects of the emission of pollutants. The value of damages is expressed by monetary costs as the cost of coverage or repair the damage. The analysis of external environmental costs was made for Poland with the distinction of the losses in Polish vicinity and the damage caused by all other analyzed areas.