Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Groundwater quality changes due to iron sulphide oxidation in the Odra ice marginal valley – long-term process observations

100%

Górski J.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

|

2010

|

tom nr 441 Hydrogeologia z. 10

19--25

EN

In the year 1966 a well field supplying the city of Zielona Góra with water was opened in the ice-marginal valley of the Odra River, near the village of Zawada. After three years of water pumping from 22 wells tapping the shallow valley aquifer, a significant deterioration of water quality, especially involving the increase of concentrations of iron, sulphates, manganese and water hardness, as a result of the process of sulphide oxidation accumulated within the recent Holocene deposits, was observed. Despite drastic changes in quality (the increase of iron concentration to approximately 30 mg/l and sulphate concentration to above 300 mg/l), the well field was still operated as its water was used for purifying (coagulation) of the polluted surface water supplying the city of Zielona Góra. Based on the analysis of over 30-year-long period of water pumping, it was stated that the effect of the sulphide oxidation process on the quality of water was noticeable for the period of 19 years. The period of persisting very high concentrations of iron of above 15 mg/l amounted to approximately 6 years. It was also stated that the process of reducing the concentrations following the period of their maximum increase proceeded in two stages – the stage of rapid reduction of concentrations which lasted for about 4 years and the stage of slow changes which took about 10 years. The first one was related to the exhaustion of sulphides within the formations marked by good permeability, and the period of semi-decomposition of sulphides, which lasted for about 3 years, was determined based on the changes in iron concentrations. On the other hand, the reduction of concentrations at the stage of slow changes may be linked to the oxidation of sulphides occurring in the formations marked by weak permeability (silts, clays, peats).

2

Evaluation of shallow groundwater quality under impact zones of livestock and poultry farms using self-organizing maps

100%

Chen J. , Gui H.

Acta Geophysica

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 71, no. 5

2465--2479

EN

The shifting of livestock and poultry production systems from traditional small householder farms to semi-intensive and intensive farms has led to a gradual deterioration in the quality of shallow groundwater, which has attracted considerable attention from researchers. In this study, a combination of self-organizing map technology was used to identify the effects of livestock and poultry farms on shallow groundwater hydrochemistry. NO3–N content in the livestock and poultry farm water samples in summer and winter, as well as the NH4–N and NO2–N content in the water samples of livestock and poultry farm, respectively, in winter, were more vulnerable to external influences. Agricultural and industrial activities were important sources of Cl- and SO42- leaching in shallow groundwater in the study area. Silicate weathering is an important source of conventional ions in the shallow groundwater at these two sites. The water quality at livestock farms was mainly affected by farm activities and agricultural pollution in summer and winter, whereas that at poultry farms was mainly affected by industrial sources and natural sources.

3

Występowanie i jakość wód podziemnych w skałach krystalicznych Sudetów na podstawie badań ujęć

88%

Staśko S. , Wojtkowiak A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2004

|

tom Vol. 52, nr 1

69-75

EN

Results of field measurements and study on groundwater occurrence in hard rock are presented based on data from water intake. The main goal of the research (field and lab) was to determine: conditions of occurrence, storage and groundwater flow and intake within crystalline rocks as applicable for water supply methods and choosing best technique of field survey for the preferential zones rich in groundwater within crystalline rocks, best methods of water intake, and monitor changes of water quality during the last 10 years. The final effect of the project was a documentation presenting optimal criteria to choose the water intake types within crystalline rocks, the proposal of a set of obligatory physical–chemical analyses during water intake documentation as well as creation of a relational data base Krystal 1, which includes the basic data of investigated water intakes with the physical–chemical results of 142 samples taken in the field. The best methods for water intake were horizontal drainage intake and intake based on natural spring. Groundwater quality improvement in the last decade was manifested by increase of water pH and recovery toward natural chemical character of the ground waters.

4

Groundwater assessment at east side of Mosul City during 2014–2017

88%

Al-Abedeen Al-Ozeer A. Z. , Ahmed M. F.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

|

2019

|

tom Vol. 28, No. 1

35--48

EN

This study assesses groundwater quality GWQ at the east side of Mosul city for different purposes during 2014–2017. Eighteen shallow wells distributed in residential areas are selected and assessed by analyzing their physical, chemical and biological properties. This study reviews the textures of sub-layers by using groundwater modelling system (GMS) to show the probability of infiltration of nearby wastewater and gray water. This study analyzes epidemiological data about diarrhea cases that were increased during that period and calculating the relative, attributed and odd risk. There are three types of assessment are conducted including ranking assessment, weighted assessment and geographical information systems (GIS) assessment. A final map is created to show the most suitable area for live stock and irrigation purposes. The results show that the studied groundwater samples are unsuitable for drinking. High damage can happen for crops with sensitivity for salinity. Most wells are acceptable for live stock purpose.

5

Spatial distribution prediction for the ground water quality in Mosul City (Iraq) using variogram equations

88%

Al-Tamir M. a. A. , Ibrahim A.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 32, No. 2

186--197

EN

The GIS-aided spatial interpolation was applied on collected groundwater data to predict selected parameters (i.e., pH, electrical conductivity, and temperature) for the selected water wells distributed over Mosul City in Iraq. A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on collected samples to explore the statistical indices. The skewness test was also employed to test the distribution of data sets around their mean values. The natural logarithms function achieved least skewness values and thus was applied to transfer data sets in order to adjust normality of the data sets distribution. Among all applied semivariogram models, the J-Bessel semivariogram model was optimal in terms of root mean square error (RMSE) values. The average standard errors were 0.2217, 740.5, and 1.209 for pH, EC, and temperature, respectively.

6

Effect of the quality of shallow groundwaters on the occurrence of selected relic plant species of peatlands in the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland

88%

Serafin A. , Pogorzelec M. , Bronowicka-Mielniczuk U.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2020

|

tom no. 45

133--142

EN

The aim of the study was to compare the physical-chemical quality parameters of shallow groundwater quality in peat bogs of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lake District in the context of the occurrence of selected boreal species of plant relics: dwarf birch (Betula humilis Schrank), downy willow (Salix lapponum L.) and swamp willow (Salix myrtylloides L.). Analyzes of shallow groundwater quality parameters included physical-chemical parameters: reaction (pH), electrolytic conductivity (EC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4), nitrite nitrogen (NO2), nitrate nitrogen (NO3), total phosphorus (TP), phosphate (PO4), sulfate (SO2), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) by certified laboratory tests. It was found that the natural hydrochemical specification of peat bogs is characterized by fluctuations associated with the dynamics of internal metabolism of peat ecosystems without the visible impact of anthropopressure. This is confirmed by the concentration of nutrients: TN at the study sites were within a broad range of mean values: 16.92–45.31 mg·dm–3; NH4 (0.55–0.76 mg·dm–3); NO2 (0.06–4.33 mg·dm–3); and NO3 did not exceed 0.2 mg·dm–3, and concentration of TP adopted mean values in a range of 0.22–0.42 mg·dm–3. The studied physical-chemical factors of shallow groundwater were within the habitat preferences of the studied species, but in differentiated qualitative and quantitative ways determined optimal conditions for building the population of the studied species. Particularly values of TP lower than other obtained values in a range of: 0.08–0.32 mg·dm–3; PO4 = 0.1 mg·dm–3; TN = 2.2–21.2 mg·dm–3; NH4 = 0.1–0.46 mg·dm–3; DOC = 24.6–55.9 mg·dm–3, as well as higher than average pH values in a range of: 5.34–5.95 and concentration of Ca = 5.67–28.1 mg·dm–3 and Mg = 0.56–2.41 mg·dm–3, as well as EC = 72.1–142.3 μS·cm–1 can be treated as a condition favouring proper development of the population of dwarf birch. For Salix lapponum: a reduced level of values of nitrogen fractions (TN = 3.01–18.84 mg·dm–3; NH4 = 0.1–0.41 mg·dm–3), a reduced level of values of phosphorus fractions (TP = 0.09–0.44 mg·dm–3; PO4 = 0.1–0.44 mg·dm–3), part of ions (Ca = 4.39–19.63 mg·dm–3; Mg = 0.77–3.37 mg·dm–3), pH = 5.9–6.4, EC = 124–266 μS·cm–1 and DOC = 24.1–57.5 mg·dm–3. For the equally studied Salix myrtylloides, such conditions were met by: TP = 0.1–0.41 mg·dm–3; PO4 = 0.1–0.18 mg·dm–3, DOC = 27.5–50.9 mg·dm–3, pH = 5.3–5.94 and EC = 62.2–139.3 μS·cm–1.

7

Assessment of groundwater quality and their vulnerability to pollution using GQI and DRASTIC indices

88%

Mardiana S. , Anzum R. , Dwijendra N. K. A. , Al Sarraf A. A. M. , Timoshin A. , Sergushina E. , Muda I. , Zhilnikova N. , Mustafa Y. F. , Tikhomirov E.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom no. 53

138--142

EN

Surface and groundwater resources are two important sources in meeting agricultural, urban, and industrial needs. Random supply of surface water resources has prevented these resources from being a reliable source of water supply at all times. Therefore, groundwater acts as insurance in case of water shortage, and maintaining the quality of these resources is very important. On the other hand, studying vulnerability and identifying areas prone to aquifer pollution seems necessary for the development and optimal management of these valuable resources. Identifying the vulnerabilities of the aquifer areas to pollution will lead to a greater focus on preserving those areas. Therefore, groundwater quality assessment was performed in this study using the groundwater quality index (GQI), and groundwater vulnerability to pollution was assessed using the DRASTIC index. GQI is developed based on the values of six quality parameters (Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42-, Cl-, and TDS). The DRASTIC index is developed based on the values of seven parameters (depth to the water table, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, impact of vadose zone, hydraulic conductivity). The zoning of both indexes has been done using geographic information system (GIS) software. The results show that the GQI of the region was about 93, and its DRASTIC index was about 86. Therefore, the quality of aquifer groundwater is excellent, and its vulnerability to pollution is low.

8

Assessment of Water Quality Using Water Quality Index (WQI): Case Study of Bakoya Aquifer, Al Hoceima, Northern Morocco

88%

Benaissa C. , Bouhmadi B. , Rossi A. , El Hammoudani Y. , Dimane F.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, iss. 4

31--44

EN

This work developed a groundwater quality index for the BAKOYA aquifer of the Al Hoceima city, Morocco, as well as the monitoring of physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of major chemical elements in the water used as drinking water for a large population of the region. The samples were taken in the coastal aquifer Bakoya Al Hoceima. The waters of the Rif region are highly mineralized and marked by sodium chloride or sodium-sulfate facies related mainly to a process of marine intrusion and dissolution of evaporite minerals included in the site rocks. The results obtained with the WQI index showed that 12 samples are eligible for excellent quality, while 18 samples are not good enough for consumption as drinking water. The results show that the groundwater samples studied are characterized by medium to high salinity, exceeding 4000 μS/cm. This mineralization of marine beginning is somewhat because of the severe abuse of groundwater and avalanches, known in the region because of the earthquake, which accelerates the phenomenon of saltwater intrusion in the coastal karstic aquifer. The salinity of this water reaches salinization levels C3 and C4, as classified by the Wilcox diagram, and the waters of the Bakoya massif have been qualified as very hard. Examination of the hydrochemical results with the drinking water quality norms set by the World Health Organization shows that most of the water inspected is not suitable for utilization, mainly because of the high levels of EC, TDS, and linked to marine intrusion, as well as the urban pollution factor that increases the content in the water.

9

Statistical analysis of groundwater quality at Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate

88%

Dinka M. O.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom no. 53

45--50

EN

Quality assessment of shallow groundwater table is very important because it is the water that recharges deeper aquifers and constantly feeds the water levels of our surface streams and wetlands. Continuous monitoring of large number of quality parameters is essential for effective maintenance of water quality through appropriate control measures. However, it is very difficult and laborious task for regular monitoring of all the parameters even if adequate manpower and laboratory facilities are available. Therefore, this study presents the statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO3, Cl, CO3, SO4, TH, B, F) using correlation and Principal Component Analysis. The statistical analysis of the groundwater quality variables indicated that most of the variables are highly correlated. The strong correlation is an opportunity to develop a regression equation and monitor using few parameters. This provides an easy and rapid method of continuous groundwater quality monitoring. Moreover, groundwater of the area showed significant compositional variation. The compositional variability has implications for the source and origin of groundwater quality in the study area.

10

Assessment of groundwater contamination around reclaimed municipal landfill – Otwock area, Poland

88%

Porowska D.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2014

|

tom Vol. 15, nr 4

69--81

EN

The research was conducted around reclaimed landfill, located on the suburb of Otwock, around 25 km south-west of Warsaw. The objective of this study was to identify the chemical composition of groundwater and to determine the landfill impact on the chemical composition of groundwater downgrading from the landfill. Otwock landfill is located in very permeable area, where leachate quickly seeps into ground-water and plays a key role in controlling redox condition (and chemical composition of groundwater) of the downgradient area. High concentrations of HCO3-,Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Fetot. as well as DOC in groundwater downgradient from the landfill (in comparison to background water) likely indicate that groundwater quality is being significantly affected by leachate percolation. Currently, the load of contamination is released from landfill periodically and slowly moves (70 m/y) in the aquifer along the flow direction. The effect of distance of the piezometer from the pollution source was also investigated. As expected, water from the nearest piezometer to the land-fill showed the highest values of contaminant (water temperature, specific electrical conductivity, sodium, iron, chlorides (except for summer and autumn analysis) and calcium (except for winter analysis)). Chemical status of groundwater downgradient from the landfill is poor.

11

Groundwater Quality Assessment of the Northern Region of the Middle Sébaou in Algeria, Using Water Quality Index and Multivariate Analysis

88%

Rezig A. , Mansour D. , Saggai S.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, iss. 7

148--153

EN

In Algeria, groundwater frequently serves as a main source of drinking water supply. Given the country’s geographical characteristics and water resource availability, many municipalities rely on groundwater to meet their drinking water needs.In this study, the quality of groundwater for drinking purposes in the northern region of the Middle Sébaou was assessed by obtaining hydrochemical data from ten groundwater samples in 2019. The study aimed to analyze and evaluate the hydrochemical composition of the groundwater using multivariate analysis and the water quality index (WQI) to determine its suitability for human consumption. Statistics showed that most of the groundwater analysis parameters are within acceptable limits except calcium (Ca2+) and bicarbonates (HCO3−) which exceed the potability standards set by the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water. Piper diagram demonstrates the existence of two hydrochemical facies: bicarbonate calcium and magnesium, and chloride as well as sulfate calcium and magnesium. According to the WQI values obtained in this study, ranging from 53.32 to 71.18, all of the groundwater samples exhibit good water quality based on the classification of the WQI method. On the basis of these results, the groundwater of the northern region of the Middle Sébaou is suitable for drinking purposes.

12

Hydrochemical characterisation of groundwater using multifactorial approach in Foum el Gueiss basin, Northeastern Algeria

88%

Lakhdari S. , Kachi S. , Valles V. , Barbiero L. , Houha B. , Yameogo S. , Jabrane M. , Dali N.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom no. 52

60--65

EN

Knowledge of the quantity and quality of groundwater is a prerequisite to encourage investment in the development of a region and to consider the sedentarisation of populations. This work synthesises and analyses data concerning the chemical quality of the available water acquired in the Foum el Gueiss catchment area in the Aures massif. Two families of waters are observed, on the one hand, calcium and magnesian chlorated-sulphate waters and on the other hand, calcium and magnesium bicarbonate waters. Multivariate statistical treatments (Principal Component Analysis – PCA and Discriminant Analysis – DA) highlight a gradient of minerality of the waters from upstream to downstream, mainly attributed to the impact of climate, and pollution of agricultural origin rather localised in the lower zones. These differences in chemical composition make it possible to differentiate spring, well and borehole waters. The main confusion is between wells and boreholes, which is understandable because they are adjacent groundwater, rather in the lower part of the catchment area. The confusion matrix on the dataset shows a complete discrimination with a 100% success rate. There is a real difference between spring water and other samples, while the difference between wells and boreholes is smaller. The confusion matrix for the cross-validation (50%).

13

Groundwater Quality in the Vicinity of an Abandoned Mining Site – The M'fis Mine, Southeast of Morocco

88%

Abdellaoui M. , Abdaoui A. , Boukhoubza F. , Ait Boughrous A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, iss. 6

292--299

EN

The diagnosis of the current state of the environment (groundwater quality and tailings composition) was carried out in the vicinity of the M’fis mine (Southeast of Morocco) in order to evaluate the impact of mine tailings on groundwater. Water samples from the well in the center of the mine site and from other nearby wells were collected and analyzed. In addition, the characterization of the tailings shows the presence of sulfides and other chemical elements, constituting the main source of pollution. In turn, the results of geochemical analyses show that groundwater is characterized by low levels of metals, despite the presence of these pollutants in the tailings and in the waste rock piles. The concentrations of metallic trace elements in well groundwater, slightly exceeding the standards of potability (the WHO standard), remain acceptable for irrigation and for livestock. These results can be explained by the carbonate geological formation, constituting the transfer medium of the pollutants towards the aquifer and also by the weak circulation of the metal ions under the desert climate which prevent dissolution and infiltration.

14

Identification of Groundwater Quality by Statistical Methods and a Mathematical Method in the Khemisset–Tiflet Region

88%

Zahra E. , Ihsane O. , Jihan F. , Abdeslam A. , Amal S. , Fouzia N. , Mohmed F. , Abdelaziz C.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, iss. 4

115--124

EN

Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources that is overexploited and extensively polluted by human activity. Furthermore, drinking this dirty water might have major consequences for human health. Before using groundwater, it is consequently required to conduct a precise and regular assessment of its quality. Furthermore, for five monitoring stations in the Khemisset-Tiflet region, cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and a fuzzy logic technique were utilized to analyze water quality. The CA classified the sample sites into three categories. The PCA identified temporal characteristics of water quality status. Group I include stations characterized by high temperature and low DO, COD, and BOD5 values. Group II includes stations characterized by high values of pH and low concentrations of NO3-, Cl-, SO42- and turbidity. Group III includes stations characterized by high concentrations of NO3-, Cl-, SO42- and turbidity and low concentrations of pH. In addition, fuzzy logic to reveal more information about groundwater quality. In effect, water quality in spring and winter was the best; the parameters responsible for the deterioration of water quality are NO3-, Cl-, SO42- and turbidity.

15

Zmiany składu chemicznego wód podziemnych na obszarach sandrowych na przykładzie rejonu Borów Tucholskich

75%

Jaworska-Szulc B. , Pruszkowska-Caceres M. , Przewłócka M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2017

|

tom Vol. 65, nr 11/2

1276--1281

EN

The article presents the results of investigations conducted within NCN grant no. 2015/17/B/ST10/03233. The aim of the research is to access changes in the chemical composition of groundwater occurring in a glacial-outwash aquifer, on the basis of the natural hydrogeochemical background. The research includes the area of the Brda and Wda outwash plains belonging to the Tucholskie Forest mesoregion. The study compares the natural hydrogeochemical background identified 30 years ago with the current chemical composition of groundwater from the glacial outwash aquifer. Local changes were observed, expressed as an increase of the concentration of nitrate compounds, TDS and to a certain extent also chlorides and sulphates. In the remaining area, the chemical composition of the groundwater similar to the natural composition.

16

Assessment of characteristics, water quality and groundwater vulnerability in Pakis District, East Java Province, Indonesia

75%

Rubiantoro P. , Bisri M. , Afandhi A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom no. 52

124--132

EN

Groundwater is a very important natural resource to support the activities of the residents of Pakis District, Malang Regency. On the other hand, increased activity puts pressure on groundwater quality. Agricultural intensification, urbanisation, and industrialisation can be sources of pollutants. Hydrological factors, topography, lithology, and surrounding rainfall are triggers for contamination of groundwater. The main objective of this research is to determine the characteristics, quality of groundwater, and its susceptibility to pollution. To complete this research, geoelectric measurements were carried out at 43 points spread throughout the study area and sampling of 18 shallow wells in agricultural, residential, and industrial areas for chemical analysis. All data obtained were analysed to create a map of the spatial distribution of groundwater vulnerability. The results show that the groundwater in the study location is in the transition zone and flows through the volcanic rock layers. The level of groundwater pollution is in the uncontaminated status to heavily polluted with pollutants in the form of heavy metal manganese and Escherichia coli bacteria. The spatial distribution of groundwater intrinsic vulnerability shows low, moderate, and high levels of vulnerability, respectively 32.99%, 60.87%, and 6.14% of the research area. Groundwater specific vulnerability associated with land use factors shows that 26.25% are negligible, 42.46% are low, and 31.29% are moderate. From this it can be concluded that the study area has been polluted both geogenically and anthropogenically, therefore, special actions must be taken to restore the quality of groundwater.

17

Geostatystyczna analiza zmienności przestrzennej wybranych wskaźników jakości wód przypowierzchniowych w dolinie rzeki Ciemięgi

75%

Obroślak P.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

|

2013

|

tom Nr 2

72--75

PL

Celem podjętych badań była ocena możliwości wykorzystania metod geostatystycznych do estymacji zmienności przestrzennej wybranych wskaźników jakości wód przypowierzchniowych na terenach użytkowanych rolniczo. Badania przeprowadzono na obszarze o powierzchni ok. 10 ha, na którym wykonano 27 odwiertów i pobrano próby wody. Punkty wytyczono wzdłuż dziewięciu tras. Na każdej trasie dwa punkty znajdowały się w obszarze użytku zielonego a jeden na gruncie ornym. Przeprowadzona próba oceny zmienności wybranych wskaźników jakości wód przypowierzchniowych na styku gruntów ornych z użytkiem zielonym z wykorzystaniem narzędzi geostatystycznych wykazała zróżnicowanie składu chemicznego wód w obrębie analizowanej powierzchni oraz przestrzenną jej zależność. Na badanym obszarze najwyższe wartości analizowanych wskaźników stwierdzono na gruntach ornych, natomiast najmniejsze na użytku zielonym. Odwrotną tendencję zaobserwowano jedynie w przypadku żelaza.

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using geostatistical methods to estimate the spatial variability of selected indicators of subsurface water quality in areas used for agriculture. The study was conducted in an area of арргохіmаtely 10 hectares, which made 27 wells and water samples were collected. Points marked out along nine routes. On each route, two points were in the area of grassland and one on arable lands. Made an attempt to evaluate the variability of selected indicators of subsurface water quality arable land at the junction of grassland using geostatistical tools showed a variation in the chemical composition of water within the analyzed surface and its spatial relationship. In the study area the highest values were analyzed indicators on arable land, while the smallest grassland. The opposite trend was observed only in the case of iron.

18

Study of Hydrochemical Characteristics in the Middle Moulouya Basin of Morocco

75%

Saadi O. , Dimane F. , Nouayti N. , Nouayti A. , Bourjila A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2024

|

tom Vol. 25, iss. 3

220--232

EN

This study analyzes the effects of dry land salinity, climate severity, and pollution on groundwater quality in the Middle Moulouya basin. Our research provides insights into certain pollutants and their sources and discusses the impact of saline soil and dry weather. A comprehensive understanding of these factors is essential for managing water resources and promoting sustainable resource use in the area. In fact, the use of a database relating to the major elements, viz. potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na2+), magnesium (Mg2+), bicarbonates (HCO3-), sulfates (SO42-, nitrates (NO3-), chlorides (Cl-) has proved to be effective to assess the hydrochemical features of groundwaters and their suitability for both aims (i.e., irrigation and drinking). The Middle Moulouya basin’s subterranean water is slightly acidic to basic, with a pH range of 6.8 to 7.66 and mild to brackish water at specific sites. Furthermore, in line with the hydrochemistry diagrams, groundwater can be classified into three main types: Ca-Cl, Ca-HCO3, and Ca-Mg-Cl type. Moreover, the results pertaining to the overall quality of groundwater regarding Moroccan control standards guidelines indicate that: (i) 32.43% of the groundwater samples are of excellent quality, (ii) 24.32% of the collected water points are of good quality, (iii) 32.43% have medium quality, (iiii) and only 10.82% are of poor and very poor quality (i.e., 5.41% for each class). Finally, based on the Wilcox method, a significant percentage of groundwater sites are suitable for farming.

19

Warunki hydrogeochemiczne i podatność na zanieczyszczenie wód podziemnych w zlewni górnej Raduni

75%

Pruszkowska-Caceres M. , Potrykus D.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2017

|

tom Vol. 65, nr 11/2

1350--1355

EN

The paper presents results of long-term studies in the Kashubian Lake district that have been completed with data gathered over the lastfive years. The purpose of this research was to assess a temporal variability of groundwater chemical composition and to analyze risk of pollutant migration to subsurface water. Investigation indicates local, however, significant anthropogenic influence on a shallow aquifers.The assessment of shallow groundwater vulnerability to pollution has been performed with the use of DRASTIC method. The results revealed that about 60% of the catchment area is moderately high susceptible to pollution and 28% is potentially at high risk. The use of DRASTIC method has helped to explain the causes of a local contaminants in shallow aquifers.

20

Chemizm wód neogeńskiego piętra wodonośnego w rejonie Wrocławia

75%

Korwin-Piotrowska A.

Przegląd Geologiczny

|

2018

|

tom Vol. 66, nr 1

28--37

EN

The article presents the chemistry of the Neogene multi-aquifer formation in the Wroclaw region. The principal scope of this study was to present the quality of Neogene groundwater samples collected at the same time from 23 boreholes. Chemical analyses were made at the Central Chemical Laboratory of the Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute in Warsaw. The Neogene aquifer occurs at significant depths (approximately 80 m b.s.l.), which has a great impact on the groundwater quality. The mineralization of the Neogene multi-aquifer formation was measured and shown as the electrical conductivity (EC). The pH varies from poorly alkaline to alkaline. The research results show the major ions and the hydrochemical type of the groundwater, and they can be a valuable source of information for such domains of human activity as geology, and town and municipal planning.