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Characteristics of the grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) diet in the Vistula River mouth (Mewia Łacha Nature Reserve, southern Baltic Sea), based on the osteological and molecular studies of scat samples

100%

Keszka S. , Panicz R. , Stepanowska K. , Biernaczyk M. , Wrzecionkowski K. , Zybała M.

Oceanologia

2020

tom No. 62 (3)

387--394

The study analyses for the first time the diet composition of grey seals inhabiting the Polish Baltic Sea coast. Samples of seal scat were collected in the Mewia Łacha Nature Reserve at the mouth of the Vistula River. Using genetic and osteological methods, the remains of organisms included in the grey seals diet were analysed for their taxonomy (families and species). Based on the analysis of 49 scat samples from grey seals, 761 hard parts that could be identified by taxon were isolated. The predominant species in the samples were perch, Perca fluviatilis (almost 78% of samples); pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (67%); lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis (almost 35% of samples); Baltic cod, Gadus morhua callarias (almost 31% of samples) and sea trout, Salmo trutta trutta (26.5%). Genetic analysis confirmed the presence of Atlantic cod DNA in 69% and sea trout in 63% of samples. The genetic material of the Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus has not been identified in the analysed scat samples. Information on grey seals feeding on river lampreys seems to be valuable in the context of lack of knowledge on the occurrence of lampreys in the Vistula River. The methodology used showed that seals fed on species that were the most abundant in the area which is directly associated with the migration cycle of fish. The results of our study allowed the conclusion that the grey seal is an opportunistic predator and its diet reflects and exploits the variations in its habitat.

Characteristics of the grey seal ( Halichoerus grypus ) diet in the Vistula River mouth (Mewia Łacha Nature Reserve, Southern Baltic Sea), based on the osteological and molecular studies of scat samples

84%

Keszka S. , Panicz R. , Stepanowska K. , Biernaczyk M. , Wrzecionowski K. , Zybala M.

Oceanologia

2020

tom 62

nr 3

Nematode parasites in Baltic Sea mammals, grey seal (Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791)) and harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena (L.)), from the German coast

67%

Gabel M. , Theisen S. , Palm H. W. , Dahne M. , Unger P.

Acta Parasitologica

2021

tom 66

nr 1

Anisakids of seals found on the Southern coast of Baltic Sea

67%

Skrzypczak M. , Rokicki J. , Pawliczka I. , Najda K. , Dzido J.

Acta Parasitologica

2014

tom 59

nr 1

n the present study 5 grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), 3 common seals (Phoca vitulina) and 1 ringed seal (Pusa hispida) bycaught or stranded on the Polish Baltic Sea coast in years 2000-2006 were investigated for the infestation of parasitic anisakid nematodes. 749 of anisakids were found. The most common were: Contracaecum osculatum (59.3%) and Pseudoterranova decipiens (31.0%). There were also small numbers of Anisakis simplex (0.8%). After performing RFLP three sibling species were found. C. osculatum was identified as C. osculatum C, P decipiens was identified as P. decipiens sensu stricto and A. simplex — A. simplex sensu stricto. Nematodes found in seals were mostly in L4 and adult life stage — both of them were equal with some minor variations among the specimens. Sex ratio was also equal, but there was slight excess of males in some cases. There was a minority of L3 larvae belonging to A. simplex species (0.8%).