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Energy efficient and environmentally friendly hybrid conversion of inland passenger vessel

100%

Litwin W. , Leśniewski W. , Kowalski J.

tom nr 4

77--84

The development and growing availability of modern technologies, along with more and more severe environment protection standards which frequently take a form of legal regulations, are the reason why attempts are made to find a quiet and economical propulsion system not only for newly built watercraft units, but also for modernised ones. Correct selection of the propulsion and supply system for a given vessel affects significantly not only the energy efficiency of the propulsions system but also the environment – as this selection is crucial for the noise and exhaust emission levels. The paper presents results of experimental examination of ship power demand performed on a historic passenger ship of 25 m in length. Two variants, referred to as serial and parallel hybrid propulsion systems, were examined with respect to the maximum length of the single-day route covered by the ship. The recorded power demands and environmental impact were compared with those characteristic for the already installed conventional propulsion system. Taking into account a high safety level expected to be ensured on a passenger ship, the serial hybrid system was based on two electric motors working in parallel and supplied from two separate sets of batteries. This solution ensures higher reliability, along with relatively high energy efficiency. The results of the performed examination have revealed that the serial propulsion system is the least harmful to the environment, but its investment cost is the highest. In this context, the optimum solution for the ship owner seems to be a parallel hybrid system of diesel-electric type.

Solar generation estimation in electric power systems for prospective frequency control studies

72%

Martínez-García A. A. , Torres-Breffe O. E. , Vilaragut-Llanes M. , Delgado-Fernandez O. , Szpytko J. , Salgado-Duarte Y.

tom Vol. 16 No. 2

211--217

Increasing the presence of non-conventional clean energy sources in Electrical Power Systems (EPS) is a global strategic goal. Particularly, photovoltaic systems are attractive due to their versatility, low maintenance cost, easy installation, noiselessness, etc. However, the integration of photovoltaic systems into EPS increases the necessary regulation actions performed by system generators due to stochastic fluctuations of solar radiation, especially on cloudy days. Even using complex models that consider many variables, solar irradiation and its corresponding photovoltaic power generation are difficult variables to forecast with accuracy in cloudy day scenarios. To address this problem, Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have been proposed as a solution to mitigate the variability of photovoltaic generation, which reduce the need to use traditional spinning reserves and provide auxiliary grid services. The BESS selection required to mitigate photovoltaic generation is directly related to the worst-case daily variability of photovoltaic generation in the short term. This paper proposes a practical estimation of daily perspective photo voltage solar generation curve in Electrical Power Systems.