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1

The structure and yield level of sweet corn depending on the type of winter catch crops and weed control method

100%

Rosa R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2014

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tom Vol. 15, nr 4

118--130

EN

Organic manuring is suggested to be necessary in sweet corn cultivation. It is not always possible to use farmyard manure due to economic, production or technical reasons. Catch crops used as green manures can be an alternative source of organic matter. The experiment was carried out in central-east Poland (52°06’N, 22°55’E), in years 2008–2011. The successive effect of winter catch crops (hairy vetch, white clover, winter rye, Italian ryegrass, winter turnip rape) and the type of weed control on the growth and yielding of sweet corn was examined. The catch crops were sown in early September, incorporated in early May. The effect of the winter catch crops on yield was compared to the effect of FYM at a rate of 30 t•ha-1 and the control without organic manuring. The sweet corn was grown directly after organic fertilization. Three methods of weed control was used: Hw – hand weeding, twice during the growing period, GCM – herbicide Guardian CompleteMix 664 SE, immediately after sowing the seed corn, Z+T – a mixture of herbicides Zeagran 340 SE + Titus 25 WG, in the 3–4 leaf stage sweet corn. The highest yields of biomass were found for winter rye (35.5 t•ha-1 FM and 7.3 t•ha-1 DM), the most of macroelements accumulated winter turnip rape (480.2 kg N+P+K+Ca+Mg•ha-1). Generally, leguminous catch crops had similar to the FYM and better than non-leguminous catch crops yield-forming effect. The highest yield of marketable ears of sweet corn was obtained after FYM (14.4 t•ha-1) and after hairy vetch catch crop (14.0 t•ha-1). A similar yield-forming effect also had white clover and Italian ryegrass. The most of ears from 1 ha was achieved after white clover catch crop (59.3 tausend), similar after FYM and hairy vetch catch crop. The highest kernel yields were found after FYM (10.7 t•ha-1). The yields of kernel after hairy vetch and white clover catch crops were significantly higher than after non leguminous catch crops. Z+T weed control method increase marketable yield of sweet corn (by 25–30%) and a number of ears (by 17–22%), compared to hand weeding and GCM weed control method.

2

Effect of Green Manure on Soil Infiltration Rate, Soil Moisture Retention of Desert Plain Soils and Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yield in the Northern State, Sudan

100%

Ahmed I. A. , Ahmed M. M. , Hamad M. E.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2023

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tom 46

14-29

EN

This the study was conducted for two successive seasons 2014/15 and 2015/16 on a desert soil with the aim to investigate the effect of green manure on infiltration rate and soil moisture retention of desert soil and wheat yield in the Northern State of Sudan as well. Four types of green manure Vigna radiate (Green gram), Vigna sinensis (Cowpea), Dolichos lablab (Lablab bean) and Sesbania canabina (Sesbania pea) were selected as green manure corps with three levels. The first level was a seed rate of 12 kg ha-1, 18 kg ha-1, 24 kg ha-1, 12 kg ha-1 respectively. The second level was two times of the first level and third level was three times of the first level. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the effect of green manure was effective in improving the soil physical properties under investigation. The green manure application decreased soil infiltration rate on the average across the two seasons varied from 3.5 cm hr-1 for the control to 1.7 cm hr-1 (105 %) in the green manure treatments except lablab been treatments, and improved the soil moisture retention as well and also, increased available water on the average across both seasons varied form 17 mm in the control to 27.6mm ( 58 %) in the green manure treatments except lablab bean treatments. The result also showed that the effect of green manure obtained very highly significantly (P≤0.001) increase in the grain yield of wheat on the average across the two seasons varied from 0.71 ton ha-1 in the control treatment to 3.21 ton ha-1 (352 %) in the green manure treatments except lablab bean treatments. It is recommended that Green gram (12 kg ha-1), Cowpea (18 kg ha-1) and Sesbania pea (12 kg ha-1) which are available and cheaper are suitable types of green manure crops for soil reclamation of the desert plain soils of Sudan.

3

The effect of sheltering plants on yield of cucumber and muskmelon

100%

Grudzien K. , Gorecki R.

Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin

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2001

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tom 54

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nr 1

4

Lagged Effects of Winter Catch Crops Followed by Sweet Corn on Onion

86%

Rosa R. , Słonecka D. , Hajko L. , Andrejiová A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2020

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tom Vol. 21, nr 6

137--146

EN

This paper deals with lagged effects of winter catch crops on the growth, yield, and quality of onion. Each autumn for two consecutive years (2009 and 2010), hairy vetch (VV), white clover (TR), winter rye (SC), Italian ryegrass (LM), and winter turnip rape (BRT) were sown as winter catch crops. In the next two springs (2010 and 2011) they were ploughed into the soil, and after them sweet corn was grown. Similarly, in the spring of 2010 and 2011, the farmyard manure (FYM) was applied at a dose of 30 t•ha-1 to plots with no incorporated crops, and afterwards sweet corn was planted. Finally, sweet corn was followed by the ‘Sochaczewska’ and ‘Stuttgarter Riesen’ varieties of onion, grown in 2011 and in 2012. The effect of catch crops on onion was compared with the effect of the farmyard manure and with control plants (without organic fertilizer). The highest onion yield was recorded on the plots with incorporated FYM and hairy vetch catch crop (VV). Moreover, a statistically similar marketable yield was also recorded on the plots with the incorporated catch crops of SC, LM, BRT, and TR. Incorporated catch crops affected nutrient content in onion. The most dry matter was obtained in the onion grown on plots with incorporated LM and FYM and on control. The onion grown the second year after the incorporation of SC, BRT, VV catch crops and farmyard manure was richer in protein than that grown on control. The content of sugars was the highest in the onion grown after BRT and the lowest after VV. Further research on the effectiveness of the catch crops used as green manure to grow vegetables is needed, in order to choose the best one in the following sequence: winter catch crops – sweet corn – onion.

5

Direct and Residual Effects of Green and Farmyard Manures on some Physical Properties of Sandy Soil and Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yield in El Multaga Area of Northern Sudan

86%

Ahmed I. A. , Mohammed A. A. , Hammad A. W. , Hamad M. E. , Mohamed H. A. , Mohammed H. M.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2023

|

tom 48

1-13

EN

Soil characteristics are important indicators of the potential for agricultural production. This study investigates the direct and residual effects of green and farmyard manures on soil dry bulk density, total porosity, soil moisture percentage, infiltration rate and wheat grain yield of a desert plain soil in Northern Sudan during three successive seasons 2007/08 (direct effect), 2008/09 (direct and residual effects) and 2009/10 (residual effect). Treatments consisted of green manure produced from green gram (Vigna radiate) with two seed rates (0 and 12 kg ha-1), and farmyard manure with two levels (0 and 10 ton ha-1) arranged in a split plot design with three replicates. The results revealed that all studied treatments significantly decreased soil bulk density and infiltration rate (P ≤ 0.01), and increased total soil porosity and soil moisture percentage (P≤0.001), as compared to the control in response to the application of the two types of manures. The results also showed that the direct and residual effects of manures caused significant increase in the wheat grain yield of the desert plain soils. It can be concluded that green and farmyard manures had continuing positively effects on the desert plain soil to produce higher grain yield of wheat. Green manure, therefore, may be used in vast desert plain soils areas as it may pose a solution to the problems of the infertility and unavailability of organic manure and farmyard manure may be useful in small areas in the Northern State of Sudan.

6

Soil phosphatase activity and phosphorus content as influenced by catch crops cultivated as green manure

86%

Piotrowska-Dlugosz A. , Wilczewski E.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2014

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tom 23

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nr 1

EN

In a 3-year experiment, the effect of catch crop management [catch crop incorporated in autumn (A) or mulched (B) vs plots without a catch crop (C)] on soil acid (PAC) and alkaline (PAL) phosphatase activities as well as on the available phosphorus content (PAVAIL) were investigated on typical Alfisol. The catch crops were sown at the beginning of August and ploughed in the autumn in 2008, 2009, and 2010, or left as mulch during the winter. Soil samples were taken four times a year from spring barley plots that were grown in 2009, 2010, and 2011. Generally, catch crop treatment significantly influenced the enzymatic activity as compared to the control. The PAC activity was significantly greater with a mulched catch crop than in a ploughed one only in I and II sampling dates, whereas the PAL activity was not influenced by the method and time of field pea management. The time of sampling significantly influenced the PAL activity in 2011 and the PAC activity in 2009 and 2011.

7

The effect of winter catch crops on weed infestation in sweet corn depending on the weed control methods

86%

Rosa R.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2015

|

tom Vol. 16, nr 2

125--135

EN

An experiment was carried out in east-central Poland (52°06’ N, 22°55’ E) over 2008–2011 to study the effect of winter catch crops on the weed infestation, number, and fresh matter of weeds in sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). The following winter catch crops were grown: hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), winter rye (Secale cereale L.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa var. typica Posp.). The catch crops were sown in early September and incorporated in early May. The effect of the catch crops was compared to the effect of FYM (30 t·ha-1) and control without organic manuring (NOM). Three methods of weed control were used: HW – hand weeding, twice during the growing period, GCM – the herbicide Guardian Complete Mix 664 SE, immediately after sowing of corn seeds, Z+T – a mixture of the herbicides Zeagran 340 SE and Titus 25 WG applied at the 3–4-leaf stage of sweet corn growth. Rye and turnip rape catch crops had least weeds in their fresh matter. Sweet corn following winter catch crops was less infested by weeds than corn following farmyard manure and non-manured corn. Least weeds and their lowest weight were found after SC, BRT and VV. LM and BRT reduced weed species numbers compared with FYM and NOM. The greatest weed species diversity, determined at the corn flowering stage, was determined after SC and FYM. The number and weight of weeds were significantly lower when chemically controlled compared with hand weeding. The best results were observed after a post-emergent application of the mixture Z+T. The weed species diversity on Z+T-treated plots was clearly lower compared with GCM and HW.

8

After-effect of sideral fertilizers applied in the form of winter catch crops in the cultivation of onion. Part I. Aftereffect of winter catch crops on yielding of onion

86%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

|

1994

|

tom 41

9

After-effect of sideral fertilizers applied in the form of winter catch crops in the cultivation of onion. Part II. Aftereffect of winter catch crops on the nutritive value of onion

86%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Franczuk J. , Zaniewicz A.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

|

1994

|

tom 41

10

After-effect of sideral fertilizers applied in the form of summer catch crops in the cultivation of onion. Part I. Aftereffect of summer catch crops on the yields of onion

86%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Zaniewicz A.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

|

1994

|

tom 41

11

The effects of green manuring under different fertilisation and tillage regimes on yield components and leaf area index in wheat

86%

Peltonen-Sainio P. , Poutala R. T.

Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1995

|

tom 12

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nr 2

12

Ehksperimental'nye issledovanija agrotekhnicheskikh pokazatelejj raboty pluga s diskovym izmel'chitelem

72%

Dubrovin V. , Skorobogatov D.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

|

2014

|

tom 16

|

nr 3

13

Opredelenie raskhoda topliva pri rabote pluga s diskovim izmel'chitelem

72%

Skorobogatov D. , Bendera I.

Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa

|

2015

|

tom 17

|

nr 5

14

Quality of sweet corn yield depending on winter catch crops and weed control method

72%

Rosa R.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2015

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tom 14

|

nr 2

EN

A special role in improving soil fertility is ascribed to green manures. Organic manuring can also influence on the quantity and quality of vegetable yield. The secondary effect of winter catch crops (VV – hairy vetch, TR – white clover, SC – rye, LM – Italian ryegrass, BRT – turnip rape) and weed control methods on the yielding, biometric parameters of ears and selected components of nutritive value in sweet corn were examined. The effects of an application of green manures were compared to the effect of farmyard manure (FYM ) – 30 t·ha-1 – and control treatment without organic manure (NOM). Two methods of weed control were used: hand weeding and a mixture of herbicides Mustang 306 SE (florasulam + 2.4 D) + Titus 25 WG (rimsulfuron). Cultivation of sweet corn after FYM and VV most beneficially affected the crop’s yield performance, ear weight, kernel weight per ear and sugars content. Ears were the longest when harvested in FYM and VV plots and NOM whereas ear fulfillment was the best in FYM and TR plots. Ear diameter was the greatest for sweet corn cultivated after FYM, LM and BRT. The highest dry matter content was determined in kernels of corn following LM and protein content after LM, VV and TR. Ascorbic acid content increased after all the catch crops compared with FYM and NOM. When weeds had been chemically controlled, corn produced larger ears which, however, had less kernel rows compared with hand weeded plants.

PL

Nawozom zielonym przypisuje się szczególną rolę w podnoszeniu żyzności gleby. Nawożenie organiczne może wpływać także na wielkość i jakość plonu warzyw. Badano wpływ przyoranych międzyplonów ozimych (VV – wyka kosmata, TR – koniczyna biała, SC – żyto, LM – rajgras włoski, BRT – rzepik ozimy) i metody odchwaszczania na plonowanie, parametry biometryczne kolb oraz zawartość w kukurydzy cukrowej suchej masy, cukrów, kwasu askorbinowego i białka. Efekty stosowania międzyplonów porównano z obornikiem (FYM) w dawce 30 t·ha-1 oraz kontrolą bez nawożenia organicznego (NOM). Stosowano dwie metody odchwaszczania: dwukrotne pielenie ręczne lub chemiczne herbicydami Mustang 306 SE (florasulam + 2,4 D) + Titus 25 WG (rimsulfuron). Najkorzystniej na plonowanie, masę kolb i ziaren w kolbie oraz zawartość cukrów wpłynęła uprawa kukurydzy po FYM i międzyplonie VV. Po FYM i VV oraz w NOM zebrano najdłuższe kolby, a po FYM, VV i TR kolby najlepiej zaziarnione. Największą średnicę miały kolby po FYM oraz międzyplonach LM i BRT. Najwięcej suchej masy w ziarniakach stwierdzono po międzyplonie LM, a najwięcej białka po LM, VV i TR. Po wszystkich międzyplonach wzrosła zawartość kwasu askorbinowego. Kukurydza odchwaszczana ręcznie charakteryzowała się większą liczbą rzędów ziaren w kolbie, ale mniejszą długością kolb niż odchwaszczana chemicznie.

15

Microbiological Activity of Soil Under the Influence of Post-Harvest Siderates

72%

Mishchenko Y. , Kovalenko I. , Butenko A. , Danko Y. , Trotsenko V. , Masyk I. , Radchenko M. , Hlupak Z. , Stavytskyi A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2022

|

tom Vol. 23, nr 4

122--127

EN

The results of research on the activation of the microflora by using post-harvest green manure crops were presented. As a result of the conducted studies, the positive effect of sidereal crops of Raphanus sativum and Phacelia tanacetifolia on activity increase of microflora in black soil with little humus was revealed. Application of post-harvest siderates increased the number of non-sporous species of bacteria and actinomycetales, contributed to improvement of soil environment under the influence of siderates, which had a positive effect on creating more comfortable conditions for growing potatoes. The usage of green fertilizers had a positive influence on microbiology activity of soil.

16

Economic effects of summer catch crops application in sweet corn cultivation

72%

Rosa R.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2014

|

nr IV/3

EN

The work presents the results of investigations conducted in 2004- 2007 to evaluate the residual effect of summer catch crops ploughed as green manures on productive-economic effects of sweet corn cultivation. The experiment was carried out in east-central Poland (52°03’N, 22°33’E). The following summer catch crops were grown: phacelia, amaranth, sunflower, serradella and faba bean. The catch crop seeds were sown in 2004-2006 at three dates: on the 21stJuly, 4th and 18th August. The effect of summer catch crops was compared to FYM applied at the rate of 40 t·ha-1. The catch crops biomass (roots + above ground parts) and FYM were incorporated in the third decade of October. Sweet corn seeds (6 kg·ha-1) were sown in mid-May, in the years 2005-2007, at the between – and inter- row spacing of 65 × 20 cm. Sweet corn ears were hand-harvested at the stage of milk maturity of kernels, at the turn of August and September. During the harvest marketable yield of ears (t·ha-1) and number of marketable ears per 1 ha were determined. Economic evaluation of sweet corn cultivation under diversified organic fertilization was conducted according to the standard gross margin method. The calculation was based on the 2014 prices. The highest yield and number of ears were obtained after catch crops with faba bean and phacelia sown on the 21st July and after FYM. Delaying the sowing date of catch crops resulted in a decrease in the successive yielding effect. The highest gross margin (25267.66 PLN·ha-1 and 0.56 PLN per 1 ear) and profitability index (332%) were achieved in the sweet corn cultivation after catch crop with faba bean sown on the 21st July. Compared to the plot with FYM, a higher level of gross margin and profitability index were obtained after all catch crops sown on the 21st July and the 4th August. Irrespective of investigated factors, profitability index was on a very high level amounting to 211-332%.

17

Fertilization value of papilionaceous plants in the cultivation of white cabbage and onion. I. Yield

72%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Rosa R. , Zaniewicz-Bajkowska A.

Folia Horticulturae

|

2003

|

tom 15

|

nr 2

18

After-effect of sideral fertilizers applied in the form of winter catch crops in the cultivation of onion. Part III. Costs and profitability of the cultivation of onion from sowing in the second year after ploughing down winter catch crops and rye straw

72%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Wadas W.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

|

1994

|

tom 41

19

Sideral fertilizers applied in the form of winter catch crops in the cultivation of white cabbage. Part V. Economic effects of the white cabbage cultivation after winter catch crops

72%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Wadas W.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

|

1994

|

tom 41

20

Possibilities of Verticillium albo-atrum control on hop by green manure

72%

Dwornikiewicz J. , Paszkowski W. L. , Solarska E.

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Biological Sciences

|

2001

|

tom 49

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nr 4