Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

The relationship between productivity and some drought tolerance indicators for several cultivars of bread wheat

100%

Barhom L. , Touchan H.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2022

|

tom Special Issue

171--175

EN

The research was conducted in Tartous Governorate during the two agricultural seasons (2018-2019 and 2019-2020) under control conditions, the aim of the research is to study the relationship between the productivity of five promising strains of bread wheat (‘ACSAD 1256’, ‘Douma 58847’, ‘Douma 58585’, ‘Douma 64453’, ‘ACSAD 1149’) and two cultivars (‘Douma 2’ and ‘Douma 4’) and some quantitative indicators of drought: stress tolerance index (STI), mean of productivity (MP), modified stress tolerance index (MSTI), and relative yield (RY). Cultivation was carried out in pots filled with light sandy silty soil, and three treatments of 70, 50, and 30% of the field capacity were applied in addition to the control and with three replications for each treatment. The strains ‘Douma 58585’ and ‘Douma 58847’ gave high yield values for grain in the two agricultural seasons. It was also found that there were significant differences between the two seasons in yield between the control and drought stress factors and drought tolerance indicators, such as stress tolerance index, modified stress tolerance index (MSTI), mean of productivity (MP), and relative yield (RY). On the other hand, a positive and strong relationship was found between STI, MSTI, and MP in both treatments and both seasons. The research concluded that the best indicators, which were related to the productivity, whether in the control or transactions and in the two growing seasons together, are STI and MP, which are promising indicators in the classification of stress-tolerant cultivars or strains.

2

Laser land levelling increases rice productivity and saves water

100%

Abd El-Razek U. A. , Elsheery N. I. , Abo-Yousef M. I. , Khalifa M.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2024

|

tom no. 61

115--121

EN

Rice is a major food crop globally, but yields are threatened by inefficient production practices. Laser land levelling is a technology that can enhance rice cultivars through optimised field conditions and water use efficiency. This study evaluated the effects of laser versus traditional land levelling on productivity and water savings of three rice cultivars in Egypt using a two-year split-plot field experiment with three replications. The land levelling methods (laser levelling, normal levelling, no levelling) were assigned to the main plots, and three Egyptian rice cultivars (‘Sakha 108’, ‘Giza 177’, ‘Giza 178’) were grown in the sub-plots. Data was collected on crop yield parameters, grain production, water use, and water use efficiency. Results showed that laser levelling increased plant height, flag leaf area, panicles per plant, filled grains per panicle, seed setting percentage, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield compared to traditional practices. The highest yields were obtained with laser levelling of ‘Sakha 108’ (12.22-12.31 Mg∙ha-1) and ‘Giza 178’ (12.20-12.29 Mg∙ha-1), while recorded 9.12-10.30 Mg∙ha-1 in control fields. Laser levelling reduced total water use by 1793 m3 ∙ha-1 without reducing yields. Among cultivars, ‘Sakha 108’ had the highest water use efficiency under laser levelling. Overall, laser land levelling increased rice productivity by enhancing yield components and water productivity. Adoption of laser levelling could increase rice yields sustainably with less water usage in Egypt and similar regions. These findings demonstrate the benefits of laser levelling for enhancing rice cultivation through improved agronomic performance and water savings.

3

Soil properties and crop yields as influenced by the frequency of straw incorporation in a rape-wheat-triticale rotation

100%

Smagacz J. , Martyniuk S.

Journal of Water and Land Development

|

2023

|

tom no. 56

1--6

EN

Straw, particularly cereal straw, is a valuable by-product of crop production, which can be used for various purposes, e.g. as livestock feed and bedding or for making fuels, however it should primarily be retained on farmland in order to prevent soil organic matter (SOM) losses and thus to maintain or improve soil quality. The aim of this study was to analyze effects of the frequency of crop residues (straw) incorporation into the soil on the content of soil organic matter and on crop yields. There were the following experimental treatments: SR - straw of all crop in the rotation removed, S1 - straw of one crop per rotation incorporated, S2 - straw of two crops in the rotation incorporated, and S3 - straw of three crops incorporated into the soil (loamy sand). After 21 years of crop rotation with straw removal (SR) the SOM level in the soil slightly decreased to 14.4 g∙kg-1 soil DM, compared to that in 1997 (14.6 g∙kg-1). However, when straw of one crop (rape) per rotation was incorporated (S1) the content of SOM increased to 15.0 g∙kg-1 soil DM, and to 15.6 and 16.0 g∙kg-1 in S2 and S3 treatments, respectively. Straw retention had also a beneficial effect on the content of labile fractions of SOM (hot water extractable C and N). Grain yields and yield components of wheat and triticale, and seed yields of rape in the SR treatment were not significantly different from those obtained in S1, S2 and S3 treatments.

4

Usefulness and efficiency of new herbicides in winter wheat with different levels of weed infestation

100%

Pawlowska J. , Krasowicz S.

Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1995

|

tom 12

|

nr 2

5

The influence of pathogenic fungi and weather conditions on winter wheat yield

88%

Jaczewska-Kalicka A.

|

6

The influence of foliar "feeding" of urea on yield and its components of Iranian hybrid rice Oryza sativa L. ‘Bahar 1’

88%

Dorosti H. , Możdżeń K. , Zandi P. , Siavoshi M.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Naturae

|

2017

EN

Because of waterlogged conditions in rice cultivation, much of the surface-broadcasted urea dissolves in paddy water and is unreachable to the rice crop for this reason. A field experiment was conducted to estimate the influence of urea fertilisation on yield and yield components of hybrid rice ‘Bahar 1’. Three doses (N0, N10, N20 kg N ha-1) of nitrogen from urea sources were foliar-sprayed once at active tillering and booting stages. Grain yield, the number of panicles per unit area, and the number of grains per panicle in the tillering stage of rice were significantly (p < 0.01) increased in a linear fashion when N rates increased from 0 to 20 kg ha-1. The rate of panicle fertility was negatively/positively influenced with increasing N rates in the tillering and booting stages, respectively, indicating the creation of more number of non/partial productive tillers per hill in the vegetative stage than in the reproductive stage. In line with panicle fertility (%), the grain yield was also significantly affected by N treatments with urea fertilisation in the booting stage. Maximum grain yield was obtained with the application of 20 kg N ha-1 at both the tillering and booting stages. Foliar spraying of urea at tillering (20 kg N ha-1) and booting (10 kg N ha-1) stages had a pronounced effect on achieving higher yields as compared to other combinations. The study suggests that foliar application of urea for hybrid rice cultivation might have a potential role in improving nitrogen use efficiency.

7

Danger of copper and zinc contamination of spring wheat grain after the application of sewage sludge and elemental sulphur

88%

Ryant P.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

|

2007

|

tom Vol. 14, nr 5-6

515-522

EN

The Cu and Zn contents in spring wheat gram after the application of sewage sludge and elemental sulphur were studied in a one-year pot experiment, which included six variants: 1) control (not fertilised), 2) farmyard manure, 3) sewage sludge, 4) elemental sulphur, 5) farmyard manure + elemental sulphur, 6) sewage sludge + elemental sulphur. Farmyard manure and sewage sludge were applied late in summer (24m August 2004), in doses of 32 g dry matter and elemental sulphur in a dose of 0.42 g per pot containing 6 kg of soil. The application of farmyard manure and sewage sludge raised significantly the yield of wheat gram in comparison with the control; sewage sludge significantly more than farmyard manure. Elemental sulphur did not affect the grain yield. The Cu content in wheat gram rose significantly after the application of sewage sludge while farmyard manure had no effect. The application of elemental sulphur significantly reduced the Cu content in wheat gain. The Zn content in wheat grain rose significantly after the application of sewage sludge, too. Farmyard manure and elemental sulphur did not affect the Zn content in wheat gram. The highest copper and zinc content (after sewage sludge application) in wheat gram amounted to only 3% and about 50%, respectively, of fheir maximum tolerated levels in cereals used for food production. Although the application of elemental sulphur increased significantly the value of exchangeable soil acidity, the content of available Cu and Zn in the soil was not affected. Even if lowered, the values of soil pH remained still in the alkali area. The exchangeable soil acidity decreased significantly after the application of farmyard manure and sewage sludge. The Cu and Zn contents were significantly higher after the application of sewage sludge. The absolute values of Cu and Zn contents in soil in all variants did not exceed the limit values and were ten times and four times lower than the tolerable value.

PL

W jednorocznym doświadczeniu wazonowym badano zawartość Cu i Zn w ziarnie pszenicy jarej po zastosowaniu osadu ściekowego i siarki elementarnej. Doświadczenie obejmowało sześć wariantów: 1) kontrola (bez nawożenia), 2) obornik, 3) osad ściekowy, 4) siarka elementarna, 5) obornik + siarka elementarna, 6) osad ściekowy + siarka elementarna. Obornik i osad ściekowy zastosowano późnym latem (24 sierpnia 2004 r.), w ilości 32 g suchej masy, a siarkę elementarną stosowano w dawce 0,42 g na wazon mieszczący 6 kg gleby. Stosowanie obornika i osadu ściekowego zwiększyło znacznie plon ziarna pszenicy w porównaniu z obiektem kontrolnym, przy czym osad ściekowy istotnie bardziej niż obornik. Siarka elementarna nie miała wpływu na plon ziarna. Zawartość Cu w ziarnie pszenicy istotnie wzrosła po zastosowaniu osadu ściekowego, podczas gdy obornik nie miał wpływu na jej poziom. Stosowanie siarki elementarnej znacznie zmniejszyło zawartość Cu w ziarnie pszenicy. Zawartość Zn w ziarnie pszenicy także istotnie zwiększyła się po zastosowaniu osadu ściekowego. Obornik i siarka elementarna nie miały wpływu na zawartość Zn w ziarnie pszenicy. Po zastosowaniu osadu ściekowego, największe zawartości miedzi i cynku w ziarnie pszenicy wynosiły odpowiednio tylko do 3% i około 50% ich maksymalnych dopuszczalnych ilości w zbożach wykorzystywanych do produkcji pasz. Chociaż stosowanie siarki elementarnej istotnie zwiększało wartość kwasowości wymiennej, nie wpłynęło to na zawartość przyswajalnych form Cu i Zn w glebie. Nawet jeśli wartość pH obniżała się, odczyn gleby nadal utrzymywał się w zakresie alkalicznego. Kwasowość wymienna gleby istotnie zmniejszała się po zastosowanie obornika i osadu ściekowego. Zawartości Cu i Zn były znacznie większe po zastosowanie osadu ściekowego. Całkowite zawartości Cu i Zn w glebie wszystkich wariantów nie przekraczały wartości granicznych i były odpowiednio 10 razy i 4 razy mniejsze niż wartości dopuszczalne.

8

Our experiences in barley [Hordeum vulgare L.] breeding on plant height reduction and increasing grain yield

88%

Kovacevic J. , Lalic A. , Drezner G.

Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1995

|

tom 12

|

nr 2

9

Prospects for spring barley breeding in Lithuania

88%

Leistrumaite A. , Svediene S.

Fragmenta Agronomica

|

1995

|

tom 12

|

nr 2

10

Economic evaluation of spring wheat production technology with different intensity levels

75%

Sulek A. , Holubowcz-Kliza G. , Nierobca P. , Jaskiewicz B.

Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agrobusiness Economists

|

2021

|

tom 23

|

nr 3

11

Enhancement of Quinoa Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality by Potassium Fertilization Combined with Foliar Spraying of Seaweed Extract

75%

Ali E.-S. E.-S. E.-S. , El-Samad E. E.-D. H. A. , Abdelaal H. A. , AbouSekken M. S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, nr 3

341--356

EN

The current work was carried out during the two growing seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 at the Experimental Station of the Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menofia Governorate, Egypt. It aimed to investigate the effect of applying potassium fertilizer at 90, 140 and 190 kg K2O/ha combined with spraying applications of seaweed extract for four times in a 15-day interval starting at 40 days after sowing at rates of 0.0, 1.5 and 3.0 ml/L on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA. A split-plot design was used in three replicates. Results reported that by increasing the application of potassium from 90 to 190 kg K2O/ha, gradual increases in all studied parameters of quinoa grains occurred in the seasons of 2016–2017 and 2017–2018, except for class B grain, Mg and fiber contents. Potassium application at 190 kg K2O/ha gave the highest significant values of all determined parameters in comparison with treatment of 90 kg K2O/ha. In most cases, insignificant differences were detected between potassium fertilizer levels of 140 and 190 kg K2O/ha. Spraying seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L resulted in superiority of all studied characters except class B grain, Mg and fiber contents, followed by 1.5 ml/L treatment with insignificant differences between them in most cases. There were significant differences among spraying seaweed treatments on Ca, Fe, Mn, protein and fiber contents in both seasons, N, P and K during the first season, and grain yield/plant, total grain yield/ha and Zn content during the second season. The interaction between potassium fertilization levels and spraying applications of seaweed extract had significantly different effects on all studied characters during both seasons, except for Mg percentage. It is evident that the application of potassium fertilization at 140 or 190 kg K2O/ha combined with the spraying of seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L caused an apparent enhancement of the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains during the two experimental seasons.

12

Evaluation of grain yield and composition in wheat cultivars under natural drought conditions - impact of zearalenone

75%

Biesaga-Koscielniak J. , Janeczko A. , Dziurka M. , Filek M. , Adamska A. , Koscielniak J. , Szarek-Lukaszewska G.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2007

|

tom 29

|

nr 1 Suppl.

13

Relationships between selected traits in maize (Zea mays L.). Part 2. Multiple linear regression

75%

Bocianowski J. , Cyplik A. , Szulc P. , Kobus-Cisowska J.

Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering

|

2019

|

tom Vol. 64, nr 3

15--19

EN

The study comprised of 13 maize cultivars, evaluated at two years in a randomized complete block design, with four replicates. To assess the quantitative impact of individual traits on the grain yield the multiple regression analysis was used. We observed grain yield and seven quantitative traits: SPAD, length of ears, number of kernels in row, damage of maize caused by P. nubilalis, infection of maize by Fusarium spp., number of ears and content of chlorophyll a.

PL

Badanie obejmowało 13 odmian kukurydzy, analizowanych w dwóch latach w doświadczeniach polowych, w układzie bloków losowanych kompletnych, w czterech powtórzeniach. Do oceny wpływu poszczególnych cech ilościowych na plon ziarna zastosowano analizę funkcji regresji wielokrotnej. Obserwowano plon ziarna i siedem cech ilościowych: SPAD, długość kolby, liczba ziaren w rzędzie, procent roślin uszkodzonych przez P. nubilalis, porażenie przez Fusarium, liczba kolb oraz zawartość chlorofilu a.

14

Spring barley response to tillage systems and crop residues

75%

Wozniak A. , Rachon L.

Agronomy Science

|

2022

|

tom 77

|

nr 1

15

Principal component analysis for functional data on grain yield of winter wheat cultivars

75%

Krzyśko M. , Derejko A. , Górecki T. , Gacek E.

Biometrical Letters

|

2013

|

tom 50

|

nr 2

81-94

EN

The aim of this paper is to present a statistical methodology to assess patterns of cultivars' adaptive response to agricultural environments (agroecosystems) on the basis of complete Genotype x Crop Management x Location x Year (GxMxLxY) data obtained from 3-year multi-location twofactor trials conducted within the framework of the Polish post-registration trials (PDOiR), with an illustration of the application and usefulness of this methodology in analyzing winter wheat grain yield. Producing specific varieties for each subregion of a target region, from widely adapted varieties, may exploit positive genotype x location (GL) interactions to increase crop yields. Experiments designed to examine combinations of environment (E), management practices (M) and cultivars (G) also provide evidence of the relative importance of each of these factors for yield improvement. The evidence shows that variation due to E far outweighs the variation of grain yield that can be attributed to M or G, or the interactions between these factors, and between these factors and E (Anderson, 2010). This statistical method involves the use of functional PCA and cluster analysis. A total of 24 cultivars were evaluated over 3 years in 20 environments using randomized incomplete split-block designs with two replications per trial. The methodology proved an efficient tool for the reliable classification of 24 winter wheat cultivars, distinguishing cultivar groups that exhibited homogeneous adaptive response to environments. It enables the identification of cultivars displaying wide or specific adaptation. The remaining cultivars were locally adapted to some testing environments, or some of them were not relatively adapted to the environments because they always yielded substantially below the environmental means. Performing earlier specific selection, or adopting distinct genetic bases for each agro-ecosystem, may further increase the advantage of specific breeding.

16

The effect of foliar application of different fertilizers on technological and economical parameters of corn

75%

Jakab P. , Komarek L.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

|

2017

|

tom nr III/1

923--934

EN

Many agro-technical factors are of great importance concerning the amount of crop in corn production. One of these factors is nutrient supply. Plants are supplied with macro-, meso - and microelements. Nowadays cultivated plants cannot always obtain enough microelements from the soil, therefore the importance of foliar fertilization increased. Applied at the right time, foliar fertilization might increase the resistance of corn against biotic and abiotic factors as well. In the experiment the authors examined the effect of three foliar fertilizer products and their combinations on the important elements of the crop development of corn, and their application from economic point of view. The experiment was set in three repeats in random blocks on meadow soil in 2015. The nitrogen supply of the soil is good, the phosphorus and potassium supply is very good, however the zinc content of the soil is low. The corn yield without foliar fertilisation was 6.39 t/ha. The highest yields were achieved after the following treatments: Amalgerol + Fitohorm Turbo Zn (7.50 t/ha), Fitohorm Turbo Zn (7.35 t/ha), and Algafix + Fitohorm Turbo Zn (6.94 t/ha). Treatments with products containing Zn resulted in the best amounts of yields indicating that the low Zn levels of the soil in this area might hinder a higher corn yield. The Zn uptake might be hindered by the too much phosphorus in the soil because of the antagonism between the two elements. As for the generative factors, the results of the treatments with Algafix and Fitohorm Turbo Zn were the best. Based on the economic evaluation, it was the experiment with Fitohorm Turbo Zn treatment that provided the highest profit (24,455 HUF/ha). In addition, applying Algafix treatment turned out to be also profitable (470 HUF/ha). The results of the test concern the conditions of the experimental area. As for other areas, soil tests and, where possible, plant tests should be made to select the best available foliar fertilizer products.

17

Productivity of Winter Wheat (T. aestivum, T. durum, T. spelta) Depending on Varietal Characteristics in the Context of Climate Change

75%

Korkhova M. , Panfilova A. , Domaratskiy Y. , Smirnova I.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

|

2023

|

tom Vol. 24, iss. 4

236--244

EN

This article presents the results of studies of winter wheat species and varieties depending on the meteorological conditions of the research years. The purpose of the research is to determine the density of the productive stem, the mass of 1000 grains, the yield and quality of winter wheat grain, depending on the species and varietal composition. Methods. Experimental studies were conducted during 2015/2016–2020/2021 yrs in the experimental field of Mykolaiv National Agrarian University (Ukraine). Agricultural techniques for growing winter wheat of various species were generally accepted for the southern steppe zone of Ukraine. Its predecessor was sown peas. Results. It was determined that a larger number of productive stems per unit area (467–853 pcs./m2) formed plants of the studied varieties of soft winter wheat, while the smallest (443–694 pcs./ m2) were plants of winter durum wheat varieties. The largest mass of grain from one ear (1.06–1.20 g) on average over the years of research was formed by plants of spelt wheat varieties, and the smallest was formed 0.96–1.01 g of soft wheat plants. It was found that a higher yield of soft winter wheat (6.03 t/ha) on average over the years of research was formed in the Vidrada variety, hard wheat (5.58 t/ha) was formed in the Bosphorus variety, spelt was formed 5.36 t/ha in the Europa variety. The highest grain yield (7.13 t/ha) among the species and varieties put for study was provided by the Vidrada variety (T. aestivum) in 2016 yr, which was 5.3% more than in the variety Shestopalivka (T. aestivum), 5.9% more than the Linkor variety (T. durum), by 7.0% than the Bosphorus variety (T. durum), by 12.5% than that of the Europa variety (T. spelta) and 43.5% more than the Zorya Ukrainy variety (T. spelta). It was determined that the largest mass fraction of protein in grain was provided by the spelt Zorya Ukrainy wheat variety as 19.2–25.6% depending on the year of research, while the smallest was provided as 11.0–14.2% by the Shestopalivka soft wheat variety. In the conditions of the Southern steppe of Ukraine, to ensure a high grain yield (5.24–6.03 t/ha) with a high protein content (14.1–15.1%), it was recommended to sow the variety of soft winter wheat Vidrada, hard winter wheat as Linkor and spelt as Europe.

18

Spatial variation of winter wheat cultivars yields in the Lower Silesian area, South-West Poland

75%

Weber R. , Bujak H. , Zalewski D.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Agronomy

|

2016

|

tom 19

|

nr 3

19

The influence of agricultural practices on yield and weed infestation of winter triticale

75%

Wozniak A.

Agronomy Science

|

2022

|

tom 77

|

nr 3

20

Yielding of maize hybrids from different maturity groups depending on sowing density

75%

Sulewska H. , Koziara W. , Smiatacz K. , Szymanska G. , Panasiewicz K.

Fragmenta Agronomica

|

2013

|

tom 30

|

nr 4