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1

Glutathione reductase activity correlates with concentration of extracellular matrix degradation products in synovial fluid from patients with joint diseases

100%

Średzińska K. , Galicka A. , Porowska H. , Średziński Ł. , Porowski T. , Popko J.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2009

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tom 56

|

nr 4

635-640

EN

The mechanisms underlying cartilage matrix degradation in joint diseases is not fully understood but reactive oxygen species are implicated as main causative factors. Comparative studies of glutathione reductase (GR) activity in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), reactive arthritis (ReA) and osteoarthritis (OA) as well as correlations between GR activity and concentration of the major cartilage components in synovial fluid are presented in this study. We found significantly higher activity of GR in RA (about three-fold) and ReA (about two-fold) than in OA. In RA and ReA patients, GR activity in synovial fluid correlates negatively with the concentrations of collagen and degradation products of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. In OA patients the activity of GR was significantly lower than in RA and ReA, which positively correlated with the concentration of collagen and showed a tendency for positive correlation with the degradation products of sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Our results suggest that in RA and ReA patients increased activity of GR does not prevent the increased degradation of collagen and proteoglycans by ROS.

2

In vitro effects of compounds isolated from Sideritis brevibracteata on bovine kidney cortex glutathione reductase

88%

Tandogan B. , Güvenç A. , Çalış İ. , Ulusu N. N.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2011

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tom 58

|

nr 4

471-475

EN

Glutathione reductase (GR, E.C 1.6.4.2) is a flavoprotein that catalyzes NADPH-dependent reduction of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) to reduced glutathione (GSH). The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro effects of phenolic compounds isolated from Sideritis brevibracteata on bovine kidney GR. The Sideritis species are widely found in nature and commonly used as medicinal plants. 7-O-glycosides of 8-OH-flavones (hypolaetin, isoscutellarein and 3'-hydroxy-4'-O-methylisoscutellarein) were isolated from aerial parts of Sideritis brevibracteata. These compounds inhibited bovine kidney cortex GR in a concentration-dependent manner. Kinetic characterization of the inhibition was also performed.

3

The effect of multiple heavy metals on ascorbate, glutathione and related enzymes in two mangrove plant seedlings (Kandelia candel and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)

88%

Huang G.-Y. , Wang Y.-S. , Sun C.-C. , Dong J.-D. , Sun Z.-X.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2010

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tom Vol. 39, No.1

11-25

EN

In this study, the effect of multiple heavy metal stress on ascorbate (AsA), glutathione (GSH) and related enzymes was investigated in the leaves, stems and roots of Kandelia candel and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. Mangrove seedlings were treated with five different concentrations of a heavy metal mixture (Cd^2+, Pb^2+ and Hg^2+). Antioxidants in both the species were analyzed after one month. AsA, GSH, ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.6.4.2) exhibited a similar trend with initial increase and subsequent decrease in response to heavy metal stress. At the highest metal concentration, a significant decrease of AsA and GR was observed in K. candel and B. gymnorrhiza. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX, EC 1.11.1.9) in the leaves, stems and roots of K. candel reached their respective maximal values at the highest metal concentration, whereas GPX activity in roots and stems of B. gymnorrhiza was similar to the controls at higher metal concentrations. Our results demonstrate that AsA, GSH, APX, GR and GPX in K. candel may play more important roles in defending against reactive oxygen species (ROS) than those in B. gymnorrhiza.

4

Assessment of the effects of zinc on the growth and antioxidant enzymes in Scenedesmus ellipsoideus Chodat

88%

Hediye E. K. , Tunca H. , Ongun Sevindik T. , Doğru A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2019

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tom Vol. 48, No. 3

270--278

EN

This study explores the activity of total superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR), biomass accumulation and chlorophyll a content in Scenedesmus ellipsoideus Chodat grown under conditions of varying zinc (Zn) concentrations. In addition, the activity of different SOD isozymes (MnSOD, FeSOD and CuZnSOD) was measured separately to determine the intracellular extent of oxidative stress resulting from Zn toxicity. We found that the activity of FeSOD and MnSOD was induced by lower Zn concentration (2 μg ml−1 and 4 μg ml−1, respectively), whereas CuZnSOD activity was not affected, which indicates that chloroplasts are the first location in S. ellipsoideus cells where superoxide accumulation is accelerated by Zn toxicity. The activity of total SOD and APX was significantly increased by moderate Zn concentrations, probably due to some oxidative stress caused by Zn toxicity. The higher level of Zn application, however, led not only to the inhibition of total SOD and APX activity, but also to the reduction of biomass accumulation and chlorophyll a content. As a result, it can be concluded that the accumulation of superoxide radicals and H2O2 in S. ellipsoideus cells induced by Zn toxicity may be responsible for the reduced growth rate and the impairment of photosynthetic pigments.

5

Glutathione and GSH-dependent enzymes in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

75%

Czeczot H. , Ścibior D. , Skrzycki M. , Podsiad M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2006

|

tom 53

|

nr 1

237-242

EN

We investigated glutathione level, activities of selenium independent GSH peroxidase, selenium dependent GSH peroxidase, GSH S-transferase, GSH reductase and the rate of lipid peroxidation expressed as the level of malondialdehyde in liver tissues obtained from patients diagnosed with cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. GSH level was found to be lower in malignant tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues and it was higher in cancer than in cirrhotic tissue. Non-Se-GSH-Px activity was lower in cancer tissue compared with adjacent normal liver or cirrhotic tissue, while Se-GSH-Px activity in cancer was found to be similar to its activity in cirrhotic tissue and lower compared to control tissue. An increase in GST activity was observed in cirrhotic tissue compared with cancer tissue, whereas the GST activity in cancer was lower than in adjacent normal tissue. The activity of GSH-R was similar in cirrhotic and cancer tissues, but higher in cancer tissue compared to control liver tissue. An increased level of MDA was found in cancer tissue in comparison with control tissue, besides its level was higher in cancer tissue than in cirrhotic tissue. Our results show that the antioxidant system of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is severely impaired. This is associated with changes of glutathione level and activities of GSH-dependent enzymes in liver tissue. GSH and enzymes cooperating with it are important factors in the process of liver diseases development.

6

Changes in GSH-antioxidant system induced by daunorubicin in human normal and diabetic fibroblasts.

75%

Zatorska A. , Maszewski J. , Jóźwiak Z.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2003

|

tom 50

|

nr 3

825-835

EN

We investigated the effect of daunorubicin on glutathione content and activity of GSH-related enzymes in cultured normal and diabetic human fibroblasts. Cells were incubated with 4 μM daunorubicin (DNR) for 2 h followed by culture in drug-free medium for up to 72 h. Treatment of diabetic cells with the drug caused a time-dependent depletion of intracellular GSH and a decrease of the GSH to total glutathione ratio. GSH depletion was accompanied by apoptotic changes in morphology of the nucleus. Analysis of GSH-related enzymes showed a significant increase of the activities of Se-dependent and Se-independent peroxidases and glutathione S-transferase. In contrast, glutathione reductase activity was reduced by 50%. Significant differences between normal and diabetic cells exposed to DNR were observed in the level of GST and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase activities. These findings indicated that daunorubicin efficiently affects the GSH antioxidant defense system both in normal and diabetic fibroblasts leading to disturbances in glutathione content as well as in the activity of GSH-related enzymes.

7

The activity of red blood cell glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and level of reduced glutathione after physical exercise and training

75%

Spodaryk K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

1998

|

tom 07

|

nr 6

8

Effect of cadmium on glutathione reductase in potato tubers

75%

Stroinski A. , Kubis J. , Zielezinska M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1999

|

tom 21

|

nr 3

9

Activity of Se-independent glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase within cereal aphid tissues

63%

Lukasik I. , Golawska S.

|

nr 1

31-39

10

Effect of temperature on oxidative stress induced by lead in the leaves of Plantago major L.

63%

Balakhnina T. I. , Borkowska A. , Nosalewicz M. , Nosalewicz A. , Wlodarczyk T. M. , Kosobryukhov A. A. , Fomina I. R.

International Agrophysics

|

2016

|

tom 30

|

nr 3

11

Glutathione and GSH-dependent enzymes in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

63%

Czeczot H. , Scibior D. , Skrzycki M. , Podsiad M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2006

|

tom 53

|

nr 1

EN

We investigated glutathione level, activities of selenium independent GSH peroxidase, selenium dependent GSH peroxidase, GSH S-transferase, GSH reductase and the rate of lipid peroxidation expressed as the level of malondialdehyde in liver tissues obtained from patients diagnosed with cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. GSH level was found to be lower in malignant tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues and it was higher in cancer than in cirrhotic tissue. Non-Se-GSH-Px activity was lower in cancer tissue compared with adjacent normal liver or cirrhotic tissue, while Se-GSH-Px activity in cancer was found to be similar to its activity in cirrhotic tissue and lower compared to control tissue. An increase in GST activity was observed in cirrhotic tissue compared with cancer tissue, whereas the GST activity in cancer was lower than in adjacent normal tissue. The activity of GSH-R was similar in cirrhotic and cancer tissues, but higher in cancer tissue compared to control liver tissue. An increased level of MDA was found in cancer tissue in comparison with control tissue, besides its level was higher in cancer tissue than in cirrhotic tissue. Our results show that the antioxidant system of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is severely impaired. This is associated with changes of glutathione level and activities of GSH-dependent enzymes in liver tissue. GSH and enzymes cooperating with it are important factors in the process of liver diseases development.

12

Effect of cyclophosphamide-induced generation reactive oxygen forms on ultrastructure of the liver and lung

63%

Sulkowska M. , Skrzydlewska E. , Sobaniec-Lotowska M. , Famulski W. , Terlikowski S. , Kanczuga-Koda L. , Reszec J. , Daniszewska I.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2002

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tom 46

|

nr 2

13

Melatonin and its metabolites: new findings regarding their production and their radical scavenging actions

63%

Reiter R. J. , Tan D. , Terron M. P. , Flores L. J. , Czarnocki Z.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2007

|

tom 54

|

nr 1

EN

This review summarizes some of the recent findings concerning the long-held tenet that the enzyme, N-acetyltransferase, which is involved in the production of N-acetylserotonin, the immediate precursor of melatonin, may in fact not always control the quantity of melatonin generated. New evidence from several different laboratories indicates that hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase, which O-methylates N-acetylserotonin to melatonin may be rate-limiting in some cases. Also, the review makes the point that melatonin's actions are uncommonly widespread in organs due to the fact that it works via membrane receptors, nuclear receptors/binding sites and receptor-independent mechanisms, i.e., the direct scavenging of free radicals. Finally, the review briefly summarizes the actions of melatonin and its metabolites in the detoxification of oxygen and nitrogen-based free radicals and related non-radical products. Via these multiple processes, melatonin is capable of influencing the metabolism of every cell in the organism.

14

The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in erythrocytes of rats with experimental neoplastic disease

63%

Batko J. , Warchol T. , Karon H.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

1996

|

tom 43

|

nr 2

EN

In erythrocytes of rats bearing Morris hepatoma 5123 the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase as well as the level of reduced glutathione increased on the 10th day after transplantation of the tumor. In the second phase of the tumor growth (20 days after transplantation), the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and the level of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes of the experimental animals were lower than in controls, whereas the activity of superoxide dismutase was at that time higher than in controls. On the other hand, the activity of catalase did not significantly differ from that found in healthy rats.

15

Changes in the pattern of antioxidant enzymes in wheat exposed to water deficit and rewatering

63%

Feng Z. , Jin-Kui G. , Ying-Li Y. , Wen-Liang H. , Li-Xin Z.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2004

|

tom 26

|

nr 3

16

Effect of nicotine administration on glutathione level and glutathione enzyme activity in some organs in mice

63%

Swiderska-Kolacz G. , Kolataj A. , Klusek J. , Parka B.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Zoologia

|

2003

|

tom 45

17

Glutathione-related enzyme activity in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cadmium and ethanol

63%

Jurczuk M. , Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J. , Rogalska J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2006

|

tom 15

|

nr 6

EN

The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) was investigated in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cadmium (Cd) and ethanol (EtOH) alone and in combination. Rats were treated with 50 mg Cd/dm3 in drinking water and/or 5 g of EtOH/kg body wt/24 h intragastrically, for 12 weeks. Exposure to Cd led to an increase in GPx and GST activity with a simultaneous decrease in GR activity in the liver. In the kidney of rats treated with Cd, an increase in the activity of GPx and GR was noted. In the EtOH-exposed rats, GPx activity decreased in the liver, but increased in the kidney. Exposure to EtOH caused a reduction in GR activity only in the liver. The co-exposure to Cd and EtOH led to an increase in the liver and kidney GPx activity compared to control. In the rats simultaneously exposed to Cd and EtOH liver activity of GR decreased compared to control, whereas the kidney GR activity increased compared to control as well as to the groups treated with Cd and EtOH seperately. The co-exposure to Cd and EtOH led to an increase in the liver activity of GST compared to the control and EtOH groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA/MANOVA) revealed that the changes noted in the activity of investigated enzymes in the Cd + EtOH group resulted from the independent action of both Cd or EtOH as well as from their interactive action. Numerous correlations (negative or positive) were noted between the activity of GPx, GR and GST, and the concentration of GSH, Cd and MDA in the liver and kidney. On the basis of our results it can be concluded that changes in the activity of GPx, GR and GST in the liver and kidney may be involved in the mechanism leading to a decrease in GSH concentration in these organs due to exposure to Cd and EtOH alone and in conjunction with each other.

18

Comparative effect of pioglitazone, quercetin and hydroxy citric acid on the status of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

51%

Surapaneni K. M. , Jainu M.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

|

2014

|

tom 65

|

nr 1

19

Antioxidant defence in maize cultivars triggered by the two-spotted spider mite attack and soil drought – a comparative study

51%

Czapla A. , Grudkowska M. , Miazek A. , Zagdanska B. , Kielkiewicz M.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

|

2013

|

tom 94

|

nr 2

20

Effect of priming of seeds of Medicago sativa "Bami" with gibberellic acid on germination, seedlings growth and antioxidant enzymes activity under salinity stress

51%

Younesi O. , Moradi A.

Journal of Horticultural Research

|

2014

|

tom 22

|

nr 2