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Glosy jako podstawa polskich badań historycznojęzykowych

100%

Leńczuk M.

tom 40

Polish glosses contained in 15th- century manuscripts are one of the basic elements of Polish historicallinguistic research. They are the largest and most diverse group of medieval monuments of the Polish language. Although they reflect almost all areas of life of the 15th-century inhabitants of Poland, they remain separated from the mainstream of historical and linguistic research. The author summarizes the history of research on Polish glosses and refers to the discussion on the term ‘gloss’, tools for describing glosses, and source research.

Polskie glosy zapisane w XV-wiecznych rękopisach są jednym z elementów podstawy badań historycznojęzykowych. Należą do najliczniejszej grupy zachowanych średniowiecznych zabytków języka polskiego i są najbardziej zróżnicowane. Choć odzwierciedlają prawie wszystkie dziedziny życia XV-wiecznych mieszkańców Polski, to jednak pozostają na uboczu głównego nurtu badań historycznojęzykowych. Autor artykułu przypomina historię badań nad polskimi glosami oraz odnosi się do dyskusji dotyczącej terminu glosa, narzędzi opisu glos oraz badań źródłowych.

Problemy z Rozmyślaniem przemyskim. Formułowanie sądów ogólnych a wielowarstwowość średniowiecznego tekstu

85%

Mika T.

nr Numer Specjalny

87-104

The paper analyses the largest Polish mediaeval apocrypha, Rozmyślanie przemyskie. Using this example, the author shows the difficulty of formulating general judgments about mediaeval texts with a multilayered structure. The differences between the subsequent versions of the text prove to be rather large in the case of Rozmyślanie przemyskie. For this reason, even the assignment of the monument’s language to a specific dialectal base may apply to no more than a single layer of the text and, as a result, Red Ruthenian features may be found to co-appear with Lesser Polish ones. The author proposes that Rozmyślanie przemyskie displays both the vestiges of the original structure of the text, and traits of a new structure introduced by the last copyist. It is him who gave a title to the text, divided it in two, and added a considerable part of section titles. Therefore, we need to revise our current view that the last copyist was responsible for no more than the introduction of multiple mistakes into the text, and for incorporating into it the voice that was originally located in the margins and between the lines.

Commenting on Historical Writings in Medieval Latin Europe: A Reconnaissance

85%

Kujawiński J.

2015

tom 112

Modern scholarship seems to undervalue medieval commentaries on historical writings. This article intends to bring this phenomenon to scholars’ attention by providing a preliminary overview of the forms and subjects of such commentaries. It examines various types of evidence including not only a few commentaries proper (Nicolas Trevet’s on Livy and John of Dąbrówka’s on Vincent of Cracow), but also different apparatus consisting of more or less systematic interlinear and marginal glosses and commentary-like additions to vernacular translations, mostly of Italian and French origin. It begins by considering various consultation-related signs and annotations, such as cross-references. Then, it studies the text-like features of sets of glosses (ascertained authorship and manuscript tradition) and briefly discusses some of their patterns of display as found in single manuscripts. Turning to the contents of commentaries, the article first touches upon introductions to the authors (accessus) and comments on the historians’ lives and the history of their writings. The article then discusses comments on different levels of meaning: first, explanations of grammatical forms, figures of speech, semantics of single words and entire fragments, then, different ways of exploring, or imposing, the inner senses of historical narration, mostly of an ethical nature. Finally, the text argues that among the different ways of expounding an historical account, comments on subject matter are especially worthy of attention from the perspective of the history of historical scholarship. Explanations of technical terms and place names often led to erudite digressions and revealed tensions between continuity and change. Expounding historical contents of entire fragments might include some elements of source criticism or tend towards a new historical synthesis. Medieval commentators were also able to read historical information beyond the factual account, often introducing subjects proper to antiquarian writings.

"Nie wszytko to prawda jest". Čtenáři staročeského Nového zákona z polského Tarnova

71%

Voleková K.

nr 1-2

5-31

The article deals with the Old Czech New Testament stored in the Seminary Library in Tarnów, Poland. The manuscript from 1460 contains all the New Testament books, including the apocryphal Epistle to the Laodiceans, and is supplemented by an list of the mass readings. The author of the article complements the existing limited information about the manuscript with a thorough description of its contents in comparison with other sources of Old Czech Bible translation. The article also discusses the owners of the manuscript in the following two centuries, who left numerous traces of their study of the text in the form of Latin, Czech and Polish glosses and marginal notes.