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1

Co powinniśmy wiedzieć o GMO w aspekcie dobrowolnego znakowania produktów mlecznych

100%

Kaliszewska-Suchodoła A.

Przemysł Spożywczy

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2017

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tom T. 71, nr 10

22--26

PL

Odpowiedzią na wykorzystywanie GMO w żywieniu zwierząt są coraz większe obawy konsumentów związane z przeniesieniem GM-DNA do mleka czy mięsa. Aby sprostać obecnym regulacjom UE dotyczącym zarówno obowiązku znakowania GMO, jak i coraz powszechniejszego, dobrowolnego znakowania GMO, wymagane jest stosowanie wiarygodnych metod ilościowego oznaczania organizmów genetycznie modyfikowanych w żywności i paszach. Analiza GMO obejmuje techniki oparte na detekcji białek oraz detekcji DNA. Nie ma dowodów naukowych wskazujących, że mięso lub mleko pochodzące od zwierząt skarmianych paszami GM jest mniej bezpieczne aniżeli pochodzące od zwierząt skarmianych konwencjonalnymi paszami. Pomimo tych doniesień konsumenci powinni mieć prawo wolnego wyboru: czy kupować produkty GM lub pochodzące od zwierząt skarmianych paszami GM, a producenci powinni wdrażać wiarygodne systemy dobrowolnego znakowania żywności „bez GMO”.

EN

In response to the growing prevalence of GMO employed in animal nutrition, the consumers are worried about GM-DNA transition to milk or meat products from animals fed GM-feed. Reliable quantitative methods are needed to comply with the current EU regulations on the mandatory as well as voluntary labeling of genetically modified organisms in food and feed products. Protein and DNA-based detection techniques have been developed and utilized for GMOs analysis. There is no scientific evidence to suggest that meat or milk derived from the animals receiving GM crops are less safe from those derived from the animals fed the conventional crops. Nevertheless, the consumers should have a free choice whether to purchase GM food or food derived from the animals fed GM-feed and manufacturers should create reliable NON-GMO labelling systems.

2

Incidence of genetically modified soyabean and maize as animal feed in Egypt

100%

Tony M. A. , Butschke A. , Zagon J. , Broll H. , Schauzu M. , Awadalla S. A. , Hafez H. M. , Flachowsky G.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2003

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tom 12

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nr 2

3

Effect of genetically modified feeds on physico-chemical properties of pork

84%

Stadnik J. , Karwowska M. , Dolatowski Z. J. , Swiatkiewicz M. , Kwiatek K.

Annals of Animal Science

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2011

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tom 11

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nr 4

4

Safety assessment of biotechnology used in animal production, including genetically modified (GM) feed and GM animals - a review

67%

Kleter G. A. , Kok E. J.

Animal Science Papers and Reports

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2010

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tom 28

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nr 2

EN

Since the beginning of the large-scale commercial cultivation of genetically modified (GM) crops In the mid-nineties, it has continuously increased. This has occurred in particular in non-European countries from which these crops may be exported as commodities to Europe and other markets. Before genetically modified organisms (GMO) are allowed onto the market as animal feed and/or food, they have to undergo a regulatory safety assessment as required by the law in many nations, including that of European Union (EU) nations under EU regulations. This safety assessment is based on an internationally harmonized approach of comparative safety assessment, in chich the differences identified during the extensive comparison between a GMO and a conventional counterpart serve as basis for a further safety assessment. The GMOs that have been notified for regulatory approval and assessed for their safety as feed and food in the EU have so far been derived from crops and microorganisms. It is expected that in the near future, also several genetically modified (GM) animals may initially reach the market outside the EU. International activities to harmonize the safety assessment of GM animals have already started and have resulted in the issuance of specific guidelines by Codex alimentarius. Moreover, PEGASUS, an EU-funded project, will consider the perceptions, advantages and disadvantages of GM animals, including perspectives from the social- and life-sciences.

PL

Od momentu wprowadzenia na szeroką skalę upraw genetycznie modyfikowanych roślin w połowie lat dziewięćdziesiątych, obserwuje się ciągły wzrost ich zasięgu. Zjawisko to ma miejsce zwłaszcza w krajach pozaeuropejskich, z których produkty GM eksportowane są do Europy i na inne rynki. Zanim genetycznie modyfikowane organizmy uzyskają certyfikat na dany rynek jako pasza dla zwierząt lub produkt spożywczy, muszą zostać poddane ocenie bezpieczeństwa stosownie do wymogów prawnych danego kraju, w tym stosownie do regulacji Unii Europejskiej, obejmującej wiele krajów. Ocena bezpieczeństwa opiera się o międzynarodowo synchronizowaną metodykę, podstawę której stanowi porównanie produktów GM z konwencjonalnymi, wyznaczającej kolejne etapy oceny. Genetycznie modyfikowane organizmy, jakie do tej pory były obiektem oceny prawnej i oceny bezpieczeństwa, zarówno jako pasza jak i produkt spożywczy, obejmują rośliny i mikroorganizmy. Oczekuje się, że w niedalekiej przyszłości również genetycznie modyfikowane zwierzęta pojawią się na różnych rynkach,początkowo nieeuropejskich. Podjęto już międzynarodowe wysiłki zmierzające do ujednolicenia metodyki oceny bezpieczeństwa takiego produktu, które zaowocowały już wydaniem stosownych rekomendacji w Codex alimentarius. Ponadto projekt PEGASUS, finansowany przez Unię Europejską, będzie rozpatrywał postrzeganie zwierząt genetycznie modyfikowanych, korzyści i niekorzyści związane z ich wykorzystaniem oraz perspektywy rozwoju z punktu widzenia nauk socjologicznych i przyrodniczych

5

Nutritional efficiency of genetically-modified insect resistant corn [MON 810] and glyphosate-tolerant soybean meal [Roundup Ready] for broilers

67%

Swiatkiewicz S. , Swiatkiewicz M. , Koreleski J. , Kwiatek K.

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2010

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tom 54

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nr 1

43-48

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of genetically-modified (GM) insect-resistant corn (MON 810) and glyphosate-tolerant GM soybean meal (Roundup Ready, MON 40-30-2), used as the main dietary components for broilers, on the performance parameters, results of slaughter analysis, and the chemical composition of the breast muscles. In a 42-d floor pen experiment, Ross 308 broilers were fed corn-soybean meal diets. In the experiment, a randomised complete block design was used with 4 dietary treatments. Each treatment was divided into 4 replicates (pens) of 40 birds. All the experimental diets met the requirements of broilers; they were all isonitrogenous and isoenergetic, and contained non-modified corn and soybean meal (group I), non-modified corn and GM soybean (group II), GM corn and non-modified soybean meal (group III), or GM corn and GM soybean meal (group IV), respectively. The nutrient composition of Bt corn and its non-modified isogenic counterpart (parental line) revealed no major differences. The final live weight, average daily weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion (feed:gain ratio), and mortality rate did not differ statistically across the dietary treatments. No statistical differences (P>0.05) were also found in the results of slaughter analysis (carcass yield, meat yield, abdominal fat pad, and relative weight of the liver, gizzard, and spleen) and chemical composition of the breast muscles. It was concluded that insect-resistant GM corn (MON 810) and soybean meal produced from glyphosate-tolerant GM soybean (Roundup Ready) are nutritionally equivalent to conventional feeds and can be used as components of broiler diets with no adverse effect on performance indices.

6

Effect of genetically modified feeds on fattening results and transfer of transgenic DNA to swine tissues

67%

Swiatkiewicz M. , Hanczakowska E. , Twardowska M. , Mazur M. , Kwiatek K. , Kozaczynski W. , Swiatkiewicz S. , Sieradzki Z.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2011

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tom 55

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nr 1

EN

The research was conducted to estimate the cffect of feeding pigs with genetically modified soybean meal and maize on fattening results and fate of transgenic DNA in pig tissues. Forty-eight fatteners weighing about 30-110 kg were used. All fatteners received isonitrogenous and isoenergetic feed mixtures containing, or not the genetically modified (GM) soybean meal and maize. The animals were divided into four groups: I - control (soybean meal traditional and maize traditional), II - soybean meal GM and maize traditional, III - soybean meal traditional and maize GM, IV - soybean meal GM and maize GM. The experimental diets met the nutritional requirements of growing and finishing pigs. The results showed the similar nutritive value of both feeds: GM and conventional, as well as no effect of GM components on body weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and carcass and meat quality. The transgenic DNA was detectable in the content of the stomach and duodenum but not in the intestinal digesta, blood and other examined organs. Histopathological analysis of internal organs and muscles did not show any differences between experimental groups.

7

Fate of transgenic DNA from Bt corn and roundup ready soybean meal in broilers fed GMO feed

67%

Swiatkiewicz S. , Twardowska M. , Markowski J. , Mazur M. , Sieradzki Z. , Kwiatek K.

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2010

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tom 54

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nr 2

237-242

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the fate in the digestive tract of recombinant CrylA (b) and epsps genes, from genetically modified (GM) insect resistant Bt corn and from glyphosate tolerant GM soybean meal (Roundup Ready). The possibility of the transfer of transgenic DNA from feed to chicken tissues was also evaluated. In a 42-d floor pen experiment, Ross 308 broilers were fed corn-soybean meal diets (55%-60% of corn and 32%-37% of soybean meal). All the experimental diets were isonitrogenous and isoenergetic and contained non-modified corn and soybean meal (group I - control), non-modified corn and GM soybean (group II), GM corn and non-modified soybean meal (group III) or GM corn and GM soybean meal (group IV). At the 43 d of age, the broilers were slaughtered and DNA was extracted from gut content and tissues and was analysed for the presence of transgenic fragments using PCR method. The used methods allowed detecting 0.1% GM DNA in total DNA isolated from samples. The transgenic sequences from single-copy genes of soybean (172 bp) and corn (170 bp) were detected only in content of crop and gizzard of broilers fed GM plants. There were no traces of transgenic DNA in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and caecum digesta, excreta, and in blood, liver, spleen, and breast muscle. Similarly, no small fragments from other single-copy genes of soybean and corn (recombinant 35s promoter and NOS terminator, and endogenous lectin and invertase genes) were detected in broiler tissues. The obtained data indicated that transgenic DNA sequences from Bt corn and Roundup Ready soybean are well digested in the gastrointestinal tract and are not transferred to broiler tissues.