Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Initial evaluation of genetic distance of sugar beet CMS lines and pollinators

100%

Combik M. , Grzebelus D. , Szkutnik T.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2003

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tom 01

2

An estimation of the genetic distance between Polish Red and other Red Cattle breeds on the basis of selected milk protein loci

75%

Zaton-Dobrowolska M. , Citek J. , Filistowicz A. , Rehout V. , Szulc T.

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tom 09

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nr 2

EN

The material for the study were six populations of Red Cattle, including three samples of the Polish Red cattle population (PC’69, n = 203, PC’82, n = 261 and PC’96, n = 313) and one each of the Danish Red (DC, n = 169), German Red (NC, n = 510) and Czech Red (CC, n = 14). DNA was isolated from blood, according to the method by Gemmell and Akiyama (1996). All individuals were genotyping for the following proteins: a S1-casein, b-casein, k-casein and b-lactoglobulin. The frequency of alleles was estimate and was used for the estimation of the genetic distance between populations. Using the PHYLIP ver. 3.5c software the genetic distance was determined according to 1) Nei, 2) Cavali-Sforza and 3) Reynolds. All the populations demonstrated a similar distribution of allele frequencies at individual loci. Only the Czech Red showed different tendencies as regards b- and k-casein and b -lactoglobulin. This may have been the effect of the smaller population size as compared to the remaining breeds. Genetic distances estimated by these three using methods were similar. The smallest genetic distance was observed between populations PC96 and NC (0.0007). In turn, the highest value was obtained between population DC and CC (0.0776). In the case of the genetic distance calculated according to the formulas by Cavalli-Sforza and Reynolds, the values obtained were higher then value of genetic distance estimated by Nei. The comparatively low values for the genetic distance obtained in the present studies may indicate that the breeds analysed originate from a common ancestor or lived on neighbouring geographical regions, what could lead to a frequent exchange of genes. The considerable similarity between those breeds could also be caused by a similarly conducted selection, based on similar assumptions (similar type of production). Those populations demonstrate similar gene pools what may be used for common preserve breeding programmes, which would decrease the danger of inbreeding. An analysis of the data collected over 30 years for the three populations of the Polish Red cattle, renders it possible to conclude that the frequency of individual alleles of the proteins examined are subjected to a small but continuous change.

3

Characteristics of the genetic structure of native sheep breeds

75%

Kawecka A. , Piorkowska K.

Annals of Animal Science

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2011

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tom 11

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nr 3

4

Allozyme evolution and the molecular clock in the Lagomorpha

75%

Grillitsch M. , Hartl G. B. , Suchentrunk F. , Willing R.

Acta Theriologica

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1992

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tom 37

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nr 1-2

EN

In order to provide a scale of genetic distances in the Lagomorpha, biochemical- systematic relationships among Lepus europaeus, Lepus timidus, Oryctolagus cuniculus (Leporidae) and Ochotona rufescens (Ochotonidae) were examined by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis of 38 isozyme systems. Nei's (1978) genetic distances were calculated over 58 presumptive structural loci and used for the construction of numerical dendrograms. The stability of clusters was examined by the jackknife method and by comparison to a Hennigian cladogram. All these procedures revealed a constant picture of lagomorph relationships, which is in accordance with the conclusions drawn from other evidence. Divergence times were estimated using two fundamentally different approaches. They were in good agreement with paleontological data (0.49myr between the Lepus species, 3.65myr between Lepus and Oryctolagus, 37.5myr between Leporidae and Ochotonidae), but only when calculated in different ways at low and at high taxonomic levels. The results suggest a temporal acceleration of the rate of allozyme evolution in the Leporidae due to rapid adaptive radiation of biochemically highly polymorphic taxa.

5

Evaluation of genetic diversity and genetic relationships among female Lithuanian accessions of kolomikta kiwi

75%

Cesoniene L. , Daubaras R. , Gelvonauskis B.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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2007

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tom 15

6

The genetic diversity among cultivars of scorzonera [Scorzonera hispanica L.]

75%

Rafalski A. , Dolota A. , Wisniewska I. , Dabrowska B.

Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin

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2003

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tom 59

7

Allozyme genetic distances and evolutionary relationships in marsupials of North and South America

75%

Barrantes G. E. , Daleffe L.

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tom 44

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nr 3

EN

AUozyme genetic distances and variability were studied by horizontal starch gel electrophoresis in 6 species of marsupials from North and South America representing 4 different genera. Twenty-one presumptive loci were assessed in a total of 151 specimens. Only 1 of 21 loci was found to be monomorphic in the whole sample. Phenetic and cladistic interspecific analysis coincided in rendering two sharply differentiated subgroups: one comprising species of the genus Didelphis Linnaeus, 1758 CD. marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758, D. virginiana Kerr, 1792 and D. albiventris Lund, 1840), and the other comprising Monodelphis dimidiata fWagner, 1847}, Lestodelphys halli (Thomas, 1921) and Lutreolina crassicaudata (Desmarest, 1804). No relationships between the bradytelic condition, the karyotype stability of this group, and genetic variability were found. On the other hand, the existence of species with brief life span such as Lestodelphys halli and Monodelphis dimidiata (Marmosini tribe) and species with long life span (Didelphini tribe) allowed us to test the hypothesis which correlates generation-time with genetic variability. We conclude that a general explanation for genetic variability must involve more than just generation-time,

8

Genetic distance between three sheep population

75%

Steppa R. , Kazmierczak P.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio EE: Zootechnica

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2003

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tom 21

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nr 1

9

New taxon of the genus Calypogeia (Jungermanniales, Hepaticae) in Poland

63%

Buczkowska K. , Baczkiewicz A.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2011

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tom 80

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nr 4

EN

Genetic differentiation of Calypogeia muelleriana s.l. was studied using isozyme analysis. Two forms of this species: typical and atypical were reported from Poland. The 10 putative loci in 7 enzyme systems were analyzed in 58 samples: 34 of the typical and 15 of atypical form. The isozyme studies revealed that the typical and atypical forms of C. muelleriana in Poland are clearly genetically different. Typical plants morphologically correspond to the type specimen of C. muelleriana, but atypical form is a new, genetically distinct but unrecognized so far taxon. Each group is defined by several fixed alleles present in all populations. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distances shows that both taxa (C. muelleriana and the newly detected taxon) clearly differ from C. azurea – the species used as a reference group. Genetic distance among two groups of C. muelleriana (D = 1.093) was almost the same as among C. azurea and the newly detected taxon (D = 1.060). Genetic distance among C. azurea and the typical form of C. muelleriana was the lowest (D = 0.628).

10

Relationship and genetic diversity of mistletoe [Viscum album L.] subspecies

63%

Mejnartowicz L.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2006

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tom 75

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nr 1

39-49

EN

With the help of 21 putative isoenzyme loci, the genetic diversity and variations of Viscum album ssp. album L. from 42 species, subspecies, varieties and hybrids of broadleaf trees, Viscum album ssp. austriacum (Wiesb.) Vollmann, from 4 populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Viscum album ssp. abietis (Wiesb.) Abromeit, from 8 populations of European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) were analyzed. On the dendrogram, the three investigated subspecies form three clusters, each clearly separated from the other, so we suggest a revision of the systematic nomenclature proposed to take into consideration a return to an earlier system of dividing the European mistletoe into three species: Viscum album L., Viscum abietis Beck, and Viscum laxum Boiss. et Reut. From among the 21 tested loci only one locus, SOD-A, was monomorphic. The average number of actual alleles (Na) and effective alleles (Ne) was 2.23 and 1.61 respectively. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) varied from 0.199 in V. album ssp. abietis to 0.345 in the V.a. ssp. album populations. Average FST = 0.277 indicates that about 28% of genetic differentiation is due to an interpopulation diversity of Viscum album populations. There is a small gene flux between Viscum album populations with only one immigrant successfully entering a population per two generations (Nm = 0,653).

11

Daphniola Radoman, 1973 (Caenogastropoda: Truncatelloidea) at East Aegean Islands

63%

Szarowska M. , Hofman S. , Osikowski A. , Falniowski A.

Folia Malacologica

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2014

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tom 22

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nr 4

EN

Shell habitus and COI mitochondrial gene sequences of one freshwater snail from Khios and three from Rhodes islands were analysed. Both methods confirmed assignment of these specimens to the genus Daphniola Radoman, 1973. Genetic distance between individuals from these two islands is surprisingly low, strongly suggesting that they belong to the same species, still undescribed. Comparison of COI sequences with other known species of this genus shows that the closest relative of the Khios and Rhodes populations is D. louisi Falniowski et Szarowska, 2000 from Attica. The results are discussed in the context of geological and climatic history of the Mediterranean.

12

Ocena dystansu genetycznego pomiedzy liniami GMS Janpol za pomoca markerow molekularnych PCR-RAPD

63%

Furguth A. , Bartkowiak-Broda I. , Matuszczak M.

Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops

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2000

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tom 21

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nr 2

369-379

13

Genetic structure of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] provenances tested in IPTNS-IUFRO 1964/68 experiment in Krynica

63%

Sabor J. , Kempf M. , Masternak K.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2013

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tom 55

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nr 1

EN

The results of previous studies have shown high breeding values of Beskidian spruce. The aim of the study was to assess the genetic structure of seventeen Norway spruce provenances from the Beskidy Mts. tested in IPTNSIUFRO 1964/68 experiment in Krynica, which survived after massive wind damage on the plots. Polymorphism of five isozyme systems encoded in five loci was determined. The highest value of genetic diversity parameters: mean number of alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity was noted for progeny of spruce from the Eastern Beskidy Mts. (Na = 1.47, Ho = 0.15), and the lowest – for the provenance from the Western Beskidy Mts., Babia Góra massif and the Beskid Sądecki Mts. (Na = 1.27, Ho = 0.12). Mean genetic distance between analyzed spruce provenances was equal to 0.027.

14

Random variability of map distances based on Kosambi's and Haldane's mapping functions

63%

Huehn M.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2010

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tom 51

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nr 1

27-31

EN

The majority of published genetic maps are based on Kosambi distances or on Haldane distances. For a comparison of both map distance measures, their random variability is of particular interest. For the statistic ‘variance’, this paper presents a relationship between Kosambi distances and Haldane distances. The results suggest that Kosambi distances exhibit a smaller random variability. The theoretical results are applied to an experimental data set for molecular AFLP markers linked to the bolting gene of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.).

15

Variety discrimination in pea [Pisum sativum L.] by molecular, biochemical and morphological markers

63%

Smykal P. , Horacek J. , Dostalova R. , Hybl M.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2008

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tom 49

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nr 2

155-166

EN

The distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) requirements involve expensive, space- and time-consuming measurements of morphological traits. Moreover, for a majority of traits, interactions between genotype and environment complicate the evaluation. Molecular markers have a potential to facilitate this procedure, increase the reliability of decisions, and substantially save the time and space needed for experiments. We chose 25 varieties of pea (Pisum sativum L.) from the list of recommended varieties for cultivation in the Czech Republic, and made both a standard classification by 12 morphological descriptors and a classification by biochemical-molecular markers. Two isozyme systems, 10 microsatellite loci, 2 retrotransposons for multilocus inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP), and 12 retrotransposon-based insertion polymorphism (RBIP) DNA markers were analysed. The main objective of the study was to examine the potential of each method for discrimination between pea varieties. The results demonstrate a high potential and resolving power of DNA-based methods. Superior in terms of high information content and discrimination power were SSR markers, owing to high allelic variation, which was the only biochemical-molecular method allowing clear identification of all varieties. Retrotransposon markers in RBIP format proved to be the most robust and easy to score method, while multilocus IRAP produced informative fingerprint already in a single analysis. Isozyme analysis offered a fast and less expensive alternative. The results showed that molecular identification could be used to assess distinctness and complement morphological assessment, especially in cases where the time frame plays an important role. Currently developed pea marker systems might serve also for germplasm management and genetic diversity studies.

16

Importance of genetic analysis of Abies alba population for forest breeding

63%

Mejnartowicz L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Sesja Naukowa

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2007

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tom 92

17

Genetic analysis of silver-fir populations in the North Carpathian and Sudeten Mountains

63%

Mejnartowicz L.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2004

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tom 73

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nr 4

EN

Seeds collected from individual trees in the 16 Carpathian and 2 Sudeten silver-fir (Abies alba) populations were studied with the starch gel electrophoresis in megagametophytes using 14 enzyme systems with 28 loci. The results show that the geographical distance between populations are in a small part reflected in genetic distances. There are two main groups of populations: Sudeten and Carpathian with a very big genetic distance between them. Other populations consist of a few small groups with low gene flow between them (Nm = 3.286). About 80% of genetic variation is located within populations (FST = 0.223). Average values for genetic multiplicity and diversity for Carpathian populations are as follows: number of alleles per locus: Na = 2.308, with effective number of alleles Ne = 1.552 and proportion of polymorphic loci 71.21%. The mean number of alleles per locus (Na) varied from 2.107 to 2.607 in population. The mean effective number of alleles per locus (Ne) ranged from 1.429 to 1.662. Average Fis for Carpathian populations was -0.021, which means that there is small excess of heterozygotes. The average observed heterozygosity amounted to Ho = 0.275 and expected heterozygosity was He = 0.269. The dendrogram structure and presence of rare alleles found in silver-fir of Czech, and Slovakian populations allow for a hypothesis that in postglaciation the silver-fir moved into the Polish Carpathians not westward from the east but from the south along river valleys from some Balkan refuges, getting North bypassing the High Tatra Range. This way, a highly diversified set of populations originated, differ in the presence of rare alleles. This differentiation is not prevented by a relatively small flow of genes between populations. The calculated gene flow Nm = 3.286 also indicates isolation between the populations. It means 3.3 immigrants per generation into the studied populations.

18

RAPD-based assessment of genetic similarity and distance between Lupinus species in section Albus

63%

Przyborowski J. A. , Weeden N. F.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2001

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tom 42

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nr 4

19

Genetic distance between selected breeds and lines of laying hens

63%

Brodacki A. , Zieba G. , Cywa-Benko K.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Animal Husbandry

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2001

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tom 04

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nr 2

EN

The investigations were aimed at the determination of genetic distance among eight lines of laying hens kept in Poland and belonging to the following breeds: GreenLeg ZKF and Z11, Leghorn H22 and G99, Rhode Island Red RD2, YellowLeg Ż33, Polbar (Pb) and Sussex (Sx). The phenotype frequencies of fastmigrating prealbumin (PaF), eggyolk transferrin and ovalbumin (OvA), ovoglobulins: G3, G4 and G2 and conalbumin were obtained from the electrophoregrams of horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

20

Determination of genetic distance between half-bred horse populations in relation to their coal colour

63%

Pikula R. , Gronet D.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Animal Husbandry

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2002

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tom 05

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nr 1

EN

Polymorphic blood image of the horses was used to determine genetic distances between groups of horses of different colour. The study covered 1247 halfbred horses, for which the polymorphism of albumin (Al), transferrin (Tf), alkaline esterase (EspH 8.5), vitamin D binding protein (Gc) and Xk protein were determined. The analysis of genetic distance demonstrated that the studied groups of horses were considerably genetically separated depending on the colour. This allows concluding that there is an association between genetic polymorphism of some blood proteins and the coat colour of horses.