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XX
The article discusses the genesis and development of historical studies on the cultural identity of gender in Germany in the last four decades. The history of the influence of women’s movement on the development of historical studies on women and cultural gender (historische Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung) is illustrated by studies on the history of science and the process of the mutual intermingling of paradigms of feminist criticism, historical analysis of processes of creating/producing knowledge, academic structures, and the category of gender in the history of science and education. The analysis mainly covers the most important studies and monographs written in the last thirty years.
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2013
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nr 1(4)
119-130
XX
The problem of the representation of women in the social world and historical studies is a crucial theme of the text. It draws attention to the issues of their presence in the public sphere and the search for self-representation. The fundamental problem of historical cognition – building a dialogue between the reality and its narrative presentation or image – creates a context for these considerations.
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nr 2(26)
139-158
EN
From False Universalism to Fetishisation of Difference. The History of the Warsaw Uprising and the Revisionist ‘Herstorical Turn’ This text is an attempt to connect the reflection on historiography and collective memory with the perspective of gender studies regarding historical writings on the Warsaw Uprising. The article tracks the various stages or ‘ideal types’ of professional and popular historiography and memory of the Warsaw Uprising seen from the perspective of the visibility and position of women: false universalism of a large part of professional historiography of the uprising and the resulting invisibility of women and their experience in historical works; compensatory works that fill the ‘white spots’ of classical historiography, treating the history of women as a mere addition to the history of World War II; as well as the recent ‘herstorical turn’, characterised by a growing interest in women and the distinctiveness of their experiences. The article concludes with a reflection on the theoretical and methodological pitfalls of the ‘herstorical turn’ and attempts to put the phenomenon in broader socio-political context of current cultural wars in Poland.
PL
Cultural practices are part of everyday life. This paper analyzes the link between violenceand cultural practice. Via an analytical focus on social practices and interaction theory itargues that cultural patterns of interaction form a set of routines which link micro structuresof daily encounters with macro effects (1). It shows that these habitual patterns areclosely linked to historical ancestors and gender constructions (2). Finally it explains howhabitual patterns and rituals can be linked to the process of historical transformation (3).The paper analyses historical examples of violent behavior in order to offer a freshperspective on certain widespread behaviors. It demonstrates that in order to understandgun violence of the early 20th century, the reconstruction and understanding of historicalantecedents of contemporary interactions is necessary. Through a close reading and comparisonof weaponry practice in the 19th and 20th centuries, it becomes clear that modernrituals incorporated elements of the historical habitus. Thus it becomes evident that ritualforms of interaction have the potential to fuse historical patterns with new elements. Thisis the reason rituals prove essential to modern societies, as they combine elements of continuityand stability with the dynamics of change.
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