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Dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system activity is responsible for gastric myoelectric disturbances in the irritable bowel syndrome patients

100%

Mazur M. , Furgala A. , Jablonski K. , Madroszkiewicz D. , Ciecko-Michalska I. , Bugajski A. , Thor P. J.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2007

tom 58

nr 3

131-139

Effect of platycodin D on gastric motility, gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit

100%

Kim T.-W. , Lim J.-H. , Lee H.-K. , Giorgi M. , Owen H. , Yun H.-I.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

2014

tom 70

nr 01

Diarrhea is a condition which causes malabsorption and dehydration. Recently, the anti-motility effect of several herbal compounds for the treatment of hypermotility-induced diarrhea has been studied. The root of Platycodon grandiflorum has been widely used in oriental medicine for the treatment of various chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of Platycodin D (PD), the major triterpene saponin in the root of P. grandiflorum, on gastrointestinal (GI) motility by assessing both gastric emptying (GE) and intestinal transit (IT) in mice with different treatment protocols. Mice were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n = 15/group) according to their treatment protocols (control, administered with antikinetics: atropine, dopamine, or with pro-kinetics: itoride, bethanechol) for each GE and IT test. Each group was subsequently divided into 3 subgroups (n = 5) pre-treated with different PD doses (0, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg). Pre-treatment with PD in the control treatment group of mice showed reduced GE and IT in a dose-dependent manner. At the maximum PD effect, GE and IT were reduced by 63% and 50%, respectively, compared with those in the normal control group. In the groups given atropine or dopamine, pre-treatment with PD further reduced GE and IT by 35% to 58%, respectively. The PD pre-treatment dramatically reduced the GI motility enhanced by itopride and bethanechol. On the whole, these results suggest that PD treatment might be beneficial in motility-induced diarrhea.

Exogenous melatonin delays gastric emptying rate in rats: role of CCK2 and 5-HT3 receptors

100%

Kasimay O. , Cakir B. , Devseren E. , Yegen B. C.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

2005

tom 56

nr 4

Pineal hormone melatonin is proposed as a potential treatment for severe sleep disturbances, and various gastrointestinal disorders. It was shown that melatonin increases intestinal motility and influences the activity of myoelectric complexes of the gut. The aim of the study was to evaluate the mechanisms of the effect of exogenous melatonin on gastric emptying rate. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted with gastric cannulas under anesthesia. The rate of gastric emptying of saline was determined after instillation into the gastric fistula, from the volume and phenol red concentrations recovered after 5 min. Melatonin injected intraperitoneally (ip; 0.001-100 mg/kg) delayed gastric emptying rate of saline at 3 and 10 mg/kg doses. When administered ip 15 min before melatonin (10 mg/kg) injections, CCK2 (L-365,260, 1 mg/kg) or 5-HT3 receptor (ramosetrone, 50 µg/kg) blockers abolished melatonin-induced delay in gastric emptying rate, while the blockade of sympathetic ganglia (bretylium tosylate, 15 mg/kg) significantly reduced the delay in gastric emptying rate. CCK1 receptor blocker (L-364,718, 1 mg/kg) had no significant effect on the delaying action of melatonin. Our results indicate that pharmacological doses of melatonin delay gastric emptying via mechanisms that involve CCK2 and 5-HT3 receptors. Moreover, it appears that exogenous melatonin inhibits gastric motility in part by activating sympathetic neurons.