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Glosa do terminu wyrażenia funkcyjne

100%

Wróbel H.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

2015

nr Numer Specjalny

173-179

The goal of the paper is to verify a set of expressions which should be considered functional. Accepting M. Grochowski’s 1997 general characterization of functional expressions relating to the semanticsyntactic plane, the present author also upholds, from 1995, that the term “functional expression” ought to apply as well to expressions which fulfill auxiliary roles in the creation of the formal syntactic structure of utterances. These are those components of multi-word linguistic units which are bereft of individual meaning, and are synonymous with semantically full lexemes belonging to various parts of speech, primarily adverbs, conjunctions, inflected and uninflected relators, but also verbs in so-called periphrastic (verbal-nominal) expressions.

From Object-Level Meaning to Metatextual Meaning. The Case of Polish Particles

88%

Kleszczowa K.

Studies in Polish Linguistics

2023

tom 18

nr 2

55-67

The article focuses on particles derived from object-level expressions, but operating at a higher, metatextual level. Such particles are sourced chiefly from speaker-oriented parentheticals composed of verba dicendi and verba sentiendi. Following the elision of parentheticals and other expressions, functional homonymy arises: a particle/a different part of speech (most commonly an adverb). This results in an uncertainty regarding the status of particles. The understanding of particles as parts of speech is also problematic due to the linguistic tradition which relies on the Latin name particula, meaning ‘a little part’/‘a particle’. The classification of expressions operating both at the object and the metatextual level creates further concerns. The meaning of particles does not change, as at most they may undergo a phonetic change (cf. bodaj ‘probably’, ponoć ‘they say’/‘apparently’, oczywiście ‘of course’). The discrepancy between the two levels is brought about mainly by changes taking place at the object level (e.g. mówię w prawdzie ‘I am telling the truth’ ˃ wprawdzie ‘admittedly’; wiem za pewne ‘I know for sure’ > zapewne ‘probably’). Thus, a class of particles is being formed that is a separate and formally distinct part of speech.

Tekst staropolski jako odmienny obiekt badań? W poszukiwaniu narzędzi opisu

63%

Mika T.

LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa

2015

nr 20

235-250

The author provides an answer to the question why Old Polish texts, especially mediaeval ones, constitute a separate subject of study. Primarily, he draws attention to the kinds of problems connected with the reading of those texts (e.g. identification of functional expressions), and with the various manifestations of multilayeredness. How to study such texts? The author suggests that the existing palette of methods be complemented with selected tools developed by modern textology, which so far have only sporadically been employed in the research of the oldest Polish texts. Meanwhile, their use makes possible a precise description and analysis, taking into account the multilayeredness and the traces of the work of many scribes, sometimes so large that they modify the arrengement of intentions and functions of the text. The author uses the example of Rozmyślanie przemyskie and other texts to show the complexity of such problems as the address of the text, its cohesion, continuity, and comprehensiveness – qualities that are only revealed when appropriate assumptions are made and adequate descriptive tools used.