Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Editorial Introduction: Migration Dynamics, Trajectories and Policies in the Context of Russian Full-Scale Aggression against Ukraine

100%

Mikheieva O. , Jaroszewicz M.

|

tom 12

|

nr 1

115-126

EN

This short introduction presents the context and background information to the CEEMR special section analysing the migration dynamics, trajectories, everyday reality and policies in the context of Russian full-scale aggression against Ukraine. The special section contains the first group of articles dealing with the unprecedented migration consequences of military aggression against Ukraine, including air strikes on many Ukrainian cities, the use of indiscriminate weapons, killing and deportations as well as the economic consequences of protracted armed conflict. The intensity of the migration movement should also be explained by the quick opening by neighbouring countries of their borders to the incoming refugees. The exceptionality of the situation and high uncertainty about further developments led us to conclude that this special section should not follow any prior conceptual background but should be open to different perspectives and approaches in studying migration from/in/to Ukraine.

2

Recovered Territories in Source Materials of the Polish Ethnographic Atlas: Selected Examples of Socio-Cultural Change in Post-Migration Areas

100%

Drożdż A.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

|

2021

|

tom 31

|

nr 3

213 - 224

EN

After the Second World War, significant territorial changes took place in Poland. As a result of the decisions at Yalta and Potsdam, Silesia, the Lubusz lands, Western and Eastern Pomerania, Warmia, and Masuria were granted to Poland, while the so-called Eastern Borderlands were taken away from Poland. This resulted in the forced migration of several million citizens. The displaced German population was replaced by Polish settlers from the regions which ended up outside the country’s eastern border after the war, as well as from other parts of the country. It was a voluntary migration resulting from a desire to improve own material situation, and a forced migration based on political decisions adopted by the then government. The new settlers faced different natural and cultural conditions in the new place. Despite war damage, western villages and towns made a great impression on the new arrivals. The civilisation development was most surprising. Contact with a different social environment often caused a culture shock. This situation forced those displaced and those newly resettled to test their own standards and values. Materials collected within the “Polish Ethnographic Atlas” project can contribute to the research on strategies for building a new identity in post-migration areas, as well as strategies related to the memory of the place of origin. These materials represent an interesting and still little recognised source of knowledge. The interviewers’ personal data and records, concerning mainly the processes of spreading selected cultural elements, are most notable.

3

Refugee and forced migrants are not welcome in Europe’s diminished welfare states

88%

Fotaki M.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

|

2020

|

tom 48

53-72

EN

The recent arrivals of refugees from the Middle East fleeing war and persecution, and forced migrants escaping poverty, mostly from Asia and Africa, have fundamentally challenged European states’ commitment to solidarity with these vulnerable populations seeking protection. Researchers have identified a range of social and individual factors that may facilitate or impede societies’ willingness to receive refugees and migrants. However, less attention has been devoted to how their reception may be linked with diminished provision of public services for citizens and declining welfare states in many countries in Europe. This article considers how the ascendance of the neoliberal ideology and its’ key shifts in public policy contributed to a growing sense of insecurity and precarity in industrialized countries over recent decades and has affected people’s willingness to assist and accept them. It brings together insights from a variety of disciplines to better understand social policy developments and its relation to refugee and forced migration. It concludes that a feminist psychosocial conception of relationality provides a basis for rethinking our approaches to these important issues by politicizing the ethical obligation to protect the lives of unknown others.

4

Forced emigration and desired return: the social and psychological consequences of the wartime evacuation of Greeks

88%

Nowicka E.

|

tom 24

83-100

EN

The subject of this article is the fate of the Greek political refugees – specifically personsforcibly resettled in Poland and other countries of the Soviet Bloc, evacuated from territoriesengrossed in the Civil War of 1946-1949. After a long period in exile, some returned to theirhome country and began a new life, struggling with economic, familial, social, linguistic and cultural problems. The history of the Greek refugees and their re-immigration illustrates the irreversibility and irreparability of the social and psychological damage done by forcedmigration. Returns to the homeland did not reinstate balance, and did not ease the dilemmasinitiated by the first resettlement. History is stuck in the memories as well as the everyday lives of the return migrants and their social milieus; this creates divides, mutual strangeness, and social tensions. Compulsory movement of populations – leading to the severance of connections with one’s fatherland, hometown, mother tongue, and home culture – causes subsequent conflicts and identity problems which continue to haunt those who returned to their birthplace.

5

Detention of Minors in EU Return Procedures: Assessing the Extent to Which Polish Law Is Reflective of the EU Migration Regime and International Human Rights Standards

88%

Biel A. M.

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

|

2017

|

tom 6

|

nr 2

69-102

EN

The Return Directive allows for the detention of minors during removal proceedings, but only as a ‘last resort’, for ‘the shortest appropriate period of time’ and with the primary consideration of the ‘best interests of the child’. While the Directive attempted to provide some safeguards to minors, these are undermined throughout, as the enforcement of such provisions depends significantly on their incorporation into domestic law. I provide an overview of the EU detention policy, map the existing domestic law framework in light of the benchmarks set out by the Directive and human rights instruments, and argue that there is a lack of consistency in the case study of Poland. In doing so, I analyse the limitations to detaining minors in light of the human rights treaties, of the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights, and of the role of the monitoring body – the Committee on the Rights of the Child. In discussing the different types of jurisprudence, I illustrate how different bodies speak with the same voice on the detention of minors. Based on these findings I attempt to contribute to the policy debate on how to reconcile and balance the implications of two policy objectives affecting irregular migrant children - the protection of minors and immigration enforcement. I identify detention policy aspects, for which the legislation should be further harmonised, and I develop models of good practices based on other Member States’ practices, thus providing a set of policy recommendations to the Polish legislator as to what fair and effective irregular migration governance might entail.

6

Transnational Motherhood and Forced Migration. Causes and Consequences of the Migration of Polish Working-Class Women 1989–2010

88%

Urbańska S.

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

|

2016

|

tom 5

|

nr 1

109-128

EN

This article discusses and expands on two related issues. The first is the unexplored reasons for the departure of Polish migrant women: the forced migration phenomenon. The author describes the system behind forced migration as created at the intersections not only of care, gender and migration regimes but also of legal regimes. Second, the author points out that the close relation between forced migration and the process of ‘unbecoming a wife in the transnational context’ creates a distinctive type of transnational motherhood experience. In order to explain the specificity of these types of experiences better the author introduces a new typology of transnational motherhood biographies. The case study of Aldona is representative of the experiences of some Polish women in the period under study, 1989–2010.

7

Changes in the Involvement of Polish Local Governments in Public Policies Addressing Involuntary Migration Following the 2022 Inflow of Ukrainian Forced Migrants

88%

Magdziarz W.

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

|

2024

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

47-68

EN

This paper analyses the changes in the involvement of Polish local governments in the system of public policies addressing the needs of forced migrants in Poland. The driver of such changes was the humanitarian emergency connected to the influx of Ukrainian forced migrants in 2022, which followed the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In a multi-level governance context, the article unpacks the policy-change process, discussing the interplay between the Polish public-policy system, the political context, the state polity, and local governments’ activity. During the humanitarian emergency, the external circumstances for local governments’ operations altered. Many local authorities attempted to expand their involvement, while sometimes questioning the inter-institutional power balance. The functional role – the scope of their responsibility and the activities that they undertake – of local governments in the discussed policy system was temporarily extended. Moreover, in the context of power relations between the actors of the policy system, their structural position vis-à-vis other stakeholders was redefined, as their agency and political impact increased. This article concludes that the above, mostly temporary, changes will have implications for the broader development of the Polish migration-policy system, resulting in Polish local governments inflicting greater political impact on such a system in the future, while also maintaining increased activity around policies addressing forced migrants.

8

War-driven wave of Ukrainian emigration to Europe: an attempt to evaluate the scale and consequences (the view of Ukrainian researchers)

75%

Libanova E. , Pozniak O.

|

tom 24

|

nr 1

259-276

EN

The article aims to evaluate the scale and consequences of the emigration of Ukrainians triggered by the military aggression of the Russian Federation. The paper also attempts to determine the composition of the refugees. The first weeks of the military aggression saw the most active departure of the population from Ukraine, after that the number of those seeking refuge decreased. According to the estimation of the Ptukha Institute for Demography and Social Studies of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine based on the data from the State Border Guard Service, the number of ‘refugees from the war in Ukraine’ reached 3 million as of the end of June 2022. The emigrants are mainly residents of Kyiv and Kharkiv, which results in a much higher specific weight of people with higher education than the national average. This fact combined with an orientation towards employment rather than social assistance (a mentality that is relatively close to Europeans), suggests a high probability (especially compared to the same emigrants from other countries, including Syria and Afghanistan) for most Ukrainian women to successfully adapt to life across the border. This is especially true for those who came to Poland, due to the minimal linguistic and cultural differences between the countries. The potential amount of irreversible migration losses, depending on the military and economic factors, ranges from 600–700 thousand to 5–5.5 million people. Considering the fact that approximately 3 million Ukrainians had already been staying (working) abroad before 2022, the war is likely to result in a demographic catastrophe for Ukraine, whose demographic potential has been utterly exhausted.

9

Consequences of the War for the Labour Market of the Carpathian Region of Ukraine: Priorities of Stabilisation Policy

75%

Vasyltsiv T. , Levytska O. , Rudkovsky O.

|

nr 90

29-38

EN

The article addresses the structural–temporal changes in the characteristics of the labour market in the oblasts of the Carpathian region of Ukraine (Lvivska, Zakarpatska, Ivano-Frankivska and Chernivetska) due to the large-scale Russian military invasion of Ukraine. Regional, sectoral and market condition–related changes in the labour market and employment in the region during the war are identified. The article defines the threats to the functioning of the regional labour market, which are related to growing unemployment, increasing pressure on social infrastructure and the domestic labour market, reduction in human resources and the growing trend of relocation of business and skilled workers from the western oblasts of Ukraine to other countries. The policy for social-labour stabilisation of the oblasts in the Carpathian region of Ukraine in conditions of war and post-war recovery is substantiated.

10

Polska edukacja wobec wojny w Ukrainie. Znaczenie szkolnych relacji w procesach integracyjnych i we wzmacnianiu spójności społecznej

75%

Federowicz M. , Terepyshchyi S.

Studia BAS

|

2024

|

nr 3(79)

63-89

EN

The article examines how Polish schools include Ukrainian refugee children and youth to regular education. It combines various sources of quantitative and qualitative data with the authors’ original field research to place the issue of education in the broader context of migration and the labour market. It reconstructs the diverse family contexts of Ukrainian children to demonstrate the need for diversified approaches to migrant students in education. Major results of the study point to unsatisfactory efforts by schools to strengthen relationships between Polish and migrant students. On the other hand, according to Ukrainian mothers and other sources, teacher-student relationships are usually very supportive to migrant students. However, poo relationships between students themselves hinder the learning process. Closer relations between Polish and migrant students can improve education and are important for further integration of migrants into society.

11

Nechtěné „tě pic!“ Politika paměti představitelů nuceně vysídlených brněnských Němců na počátku padesátých let 20. století

75%

Nosková J.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

|

2016

|

tom 26

|

nr 4

296 - 305

EN

The case study deals with the politics of memory and the constructing of cultural memory within a group of forcibly displaced German inhabitants of Brno in Germany at the outset of the1950s. The study works with basic empiric material, which is a hit (song) Ich bin aus Brünn [I am from Brno] published in Brünner Heimatbote, a magazine of this group of inhabitants, in 1953, and four letters sent to the club Bruna, and to editors of Brünner Heimatbote. Authors of those letters, important representatives of the group of forcibly displaced Brno inhabitants and representatives of official organizations of the “Sudeten Germans”, responded negatively to the song text, whereby their major reproaches related to the use of Czech words in the song text (e.g. the slang word ´tě pic‘´ = yo) and the depiction of certain life conditions that were evaluated as being unsuitable and unrepresentative for the group of Brno Germans. The author of the study puts the analysis of empiric material (interpretations contained in it) into the context of the policy the organizations of “Sudeten Germans” applied in Germany after the Second World War. The study can be understood as a contribution to the research into the formation of identities of that group of inhabitants after 1945 and the role of their official organizations and journalism in this process.

12

Adaptacja i integracja osób wewnętrznie przesiedlonych ze społecznościami przyjmującymi na Ukrainie - wyzwania w obszarze społecznym

63%

Synowiec A.

|

2018

|

tom z. 126

187--195

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie problematyki adaptacji i integracji osób wewnętrznie przesiedlonych ze społecznościami przyjmującymi w odniesieniu do przykładu Ukrainy. Wśród poszkodowanych przez działania wojenne na wschodzie kraju najliczniejszą grupę stanowią uchodźcy wewnętrzni (internally displaced persons): według oficjalnych statystyk liczba zarejestrowanych przesiedleńców wynosi blisko 1 mln 600 tys. osób. W sytuacji uzyskania przez przymusowych przesiedleńców względnej stabilizacji warunków bytowych, najistotniejszym wyzwaniem jest opracowanie i wdrożenie programów służących społecznej integracji IDPs ze wspólnotami lokalnymi.

EN

The aim of the article is to discuss the issues of adaptation and integration of internally displaced persons with host communities in relation to the example of Ukraine. Among the victims of war in the east of the country, the largest group are internally displaced persons: according to official statistics, the number of registered displaced persons is close to 1 million 600 thousand people. Within a relative stabilization of living conditions of forced displaced persons, the most important challenge is to develop and implement programs for the social integration of IDPs with local communities.

13

Projekty edukacyjne na rzecz integracji społecznej oraz kształtowania postaw tolerancji i zrozumienia

63%

Kluszczyńska M. , Main I.

Łódzkie Studia Etnograficzne

|

2020

|

tom 59

EN

In response to the „refugee crisis” of 2015 – resulting in the arrival in Europe of many thousands of people fleeing the armed conflict in Syria – the Polish Law and Justice party and the Polish government adopted negative attitudes towards refugees. The Polish mass media promoted anti-refugee narratives focused on terrorism and „threats of Islamisation”of Europe. However, these anti-refugee narratives have been countered by local antihate campaigns, including activities undertaken by local ethnologists and anthropologists. This article offers an analysis of educational activities undertaken in 2017 by the Centre for Migration Studies at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland. These activities took a form of two initiatives: „Adopt a vest” and „Let’s talk about refugees”. Both projects aimed at shaping attitudes of openness towards refugees and increasing awareness of refugees among the residents of Poznan, including school children. Additionally, these activities aimed to increase and support the people willing to disseminate knowledge about refugees and impart openness and respect for forced migrants. Such activism isguided by the idea that it is essential not only to get to know the world better, but also to imagine it differently and create an alternative vision of the world where solidarity with refugees and migrants prevails (cf. Fischman, McLaren 2005).

PL

Od 2015 roku w reakcji na „kryzys uchodźczy” – przybycie wielu tysięcy osób uciekających przed skutkami konfliktu w Syrii do Europy – przedstawiciele partii Prawo i Sprawiedliwość oraz polskiego rządu przyjęli negatywny stosunek do uchodźców, a w wielu polskich mass mediach pojawił się antyuchodźczy przekaz łączący zjawiska terroryzmu, „zagrożenia islamizacją” i uchodźstwa. Nie jest to jednak jedyna narracja i postawa obecna w Polsce. W artykule przedstawione są lokalne inicjatywy, które miały na celu przeciwdziałanie antyuchodźczej kampanii nienawiści, a także zwiększenie kompetencji i zaangażowania środowiska etnologicznego. Analizie poddano działania edukacyjne podejmowane i inspirowane przez Centrum Badań Migracyjnych na Uniwersytecie im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu od 2017 roku – projekty „Zaadoptuj kamizelkę” i „Porozmawiajmy o uchodźcach”. Oba projekty miały na celu kształtowanie postaw otwartości wobec uchodźców oraz zwiększenie wiedzy odbiorców – szeroko rozumianej społeczności mieszkańców i mieszkanek Poznania oraz dzieci i młodzieży szkolnej. Inicjatywy zespołu realizującego te projekty służyły poszerzeniu i wzmocnieniu grupy osób chcących zaangażować się w upowszechnienie wiedzy oraz postaw otwartości i szacunku dla drugiego człowieka. Działania te podyktowane były przeświadczeniem o znaczeniu nie tylko lepszego poznania świata, ale też wyobrażenia go sobie inaczej i stworzenia alternatywy w duchu solidarności z innymi (por. Fischman, McLaren 2005).

14

The problem of loneliness and stress coping styles among war refugees in the context of their life experience (based on a study conducted in Drohobych)

51%

Podoliak N. , Stets V.

Zeszyty Naukowe Collegium Witelona

|

2024

|

tom 1

|

nr 50

97-116

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań empirycznych dotyczących poczucia samotności i stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem wśród uchodźców wojennych mieszkających w mieście Drohobycz. Dokonano analizy teoretycznej problemu samotności i stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem. W wyniku analizy stwierdzono, że problem samotności jest szeroko prezentowany w literaturze psychologicznej, jest złożony, interpretowany w bardzo różnych aspektach i nie ma jednoznacznego rozwiązania. Zjawisko to jest badane z punktu widzenia dużej liczby podejść konceptualnych. W kontekście doświadczenia samotności i jej związku ze stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem uchodźców wojennych w Ukrainie istnieje stosunkowo niewiele badań. Celem badania było poznanie specyfiki przejawów samotności, w szczególności jej trzech aspektów: samotności społecznej, emocjonalnej i egzystencjalnej oraz jej powiązania ze stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem u migrantów przymusowych zamieszkujących terytorium drohobyckiej społeczności. Do badania tych zjawisk wykorzystano następujący zestaw narzędzi psychodiagnostycznych: skróconą skalę samotności (SBS-AD) – autor Z. Dołęga; kwestionariusz radzenia sobie w sytuacjach stresowych (CISS N. S. Endlera, J. D. A. Parkera) w polskiej adaptacji P. Szczepanika, J. Strelaua, K. Wrześniewskiego; autorską ankietę, opracowaną specjalnie na potrzeby niniejszego badania. W wyniku przestudiowania teoretycznych i metodologicznych aspektów problemu oraz przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych potwierdzono hipotezę, że samotność uchodźców wojennych ma oblicze egzystencjalne i jest powiązana ze stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem. Stwierdzono, że wśród uchodźców wojennych dominuje styl zorientowany na zadanie. Generalnie problematyka samotności i stylów radzenia sobie ze stresem wymaga dalszych badań i wykorzystania wyników badań w praktyce, udzielania pomocy psychologicznej uchodźcom wojennym.

UK

У статті подано результати емпіричного дослідження відчуття самотності та стилів подолання стресу в біженців війни, що проживають у місті Дрогобичі. Здійснено теоретичний аналіз проблеми самотності та стилів подолання стресу. У результаті аналізу виявлено, що проблема самотності широко представлена у психологічній літературі, є складною, трактується з дуже різних аспектів і не має однозначного вирішення. Цей феномен вивчається з позиції великої кількості концептуальних підходів. У контексті переживання самотності та її зв’язку зі стилями подолання стресу біженцями війни в Україні є досить невеликий обсяг досліджень. Метою дослідження було виявлення специфіки проявів самотності, зокрема трьох її аспектів: соціальної, емоційної та екзистенційної самотності, та її зв’язок зі стилями подолання стресу у вимушених переселенців, що проживають на території Дрогобицької громади. Для вивчення означених явищ було використано такий психодіагностичний інструментарій: скорочена шкала самотності (SBS-AD) – автор Z. Dołęga; анкета подолання стресових ситуацій (CISS, розроблена психологами N.S. Endler та J.D.A. Parker) у польській адаптації П. Щепаніка, Я. Стреляу, К. Вжешневського (P. Szczepanik, J. Strelau, K. Wrześniewski); оригінальна анкета, що була спеціально розроблена для потреб даного дослідження. У результаті вивчення теоретико-методологічних аспектів проблеми та здійсненого емпіричного дослідження було підтверджено гіпотезу про те, що самотність біженців війни має екзистенційне обличчя та пов’язана зі стилями подолання стресу. Було виявлено, що серед біженців війни домінує стиль, що орієнтований на завдання. Загалом, проблема самотності та стилів подолання стресу потребує подальшого вивчення та використання результатів досліджень у практиці психологічної допомоги біженцям війни.

EN

This article presents the findings of an empirical study of the feeling of loneliness experienced by war refugees relocated to Drohobych, and the stress coping styles they use. The study included a theoretical analysis of available materials on the issue of loneliness and stress coping styles. The conducted analysis has shown that the problem of loneliness is widely described and interpreted from different aspects in literature on psychology. According to the sources, the problem is complex and there is no unambiguous solution to it. The phenomenon of loneliness is examined from the standpoint of numerous conceptual approaches. However, there is rather little research into the subject of loneliness experienced by war refugees in Ukraine and its connection with the stress coping styles they use. The aim of the study was to identify the specific manifestations of loneliness, in particular its three aspects: the social, emotional, and existential ones, and also its relationship with the stress coping styles used by forced migrants living in the territory of Drohobych and the Drohobych district. The above phenomena were analysed using the following psychodiagnostic tools: a short scale for measuring loneliness (SBS-AD), developed by Z. Dołęga; the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), developed by N. S. Endler and J. D. A. Parker, in the Polish adaptation of P. Shchepanik, Ya. Strelau, and K. Wrzeshnevsky (P. Szczepanik, J. Strelau, K. Wrześniewski); an original questionnaire, specifically developed for the needs of the research. The findings of the study of the theoretical and methodological aspects of the issue and the conducted empirical research have confirmed the hypothesis that loneliness experienced by war refugees has an existential face and is related to their stress coping styles. It has been found that the task-oriented style dominates among war refugees. The research has shown that the problem of loneliness and the related stress coping styles requires further study, while the research findings should be implemented in the provision of psychological help to war refugees.

15

A TRÁGICA EXPERIÊNCIA POR TRÁS DOS PROCESSOS DE MIGRAÇÕES FORÇADAS NA COLÔMBIA: A HISTÓRIA DO MASSACRE DE CAÑO JABÓN

51%

SARMIENTO DA SILVA E. , DA SILVA FALCÃO A. T.

Revista del CESLA. International Latin American Studies Review

|

2018

|

nr 22

403-328

PT

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as migrações forçadas a partir das dinâmicas de organiza-ção e práticas de violência do paramilitarismo na Colômbia exemplificando um estudo de caso: o massacre no povoado de Caño Jabón – Meta (1998) e o testemunho de uma sobrevivente, uma migrante que fugiu da situação de violência. Através de quem vivenciou e sobreviveu a um mas-sacre e de suas memórias, descreveremos o conflito armado colombiano. Em termos teórico-metodológicos, baseamo-nos na corrente da micro-história italiana, realizando um esforço por utilizar os objetos microhistóricos mais além da questão local, como um espaço de demonstração e lugar de experimentação para a reelaboração e reformulação de hipóteses de ordem claramente macrohistórico e global. Para tanto, partimos de um acontecimento particular, de um testemu-nho, para compreender a violência e os massacres que envolvem a história de um país e as mi-grações forçadas decorrentes dessa situação de calamidade. Em diálogo com a narrativa em pri-meira pessoa, encontram-se outras fontes que utilizamos para contar essa história: notícias de jornais sobre o massacre de Caño Jabón e os paramilitares responsáveis pelo crime, sentenças da Fiscalía General de la Nación, sentenças da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e os tes-temunhos dos próprios paramilitares frente à justiça colombiana. Entendemos, portanto, que as dinâmicas de acumulação capitalista na Colômbia atuam de maneira particular como produtoras de uma ordem de controle social baseada no uso irrestrito da violência, provocando o desloca-mento de milhares de pessoas.

EN

The objective of this work is to present forced migrations due to the dynamics of paramilitary organization and violent practices in Colombia, exemplifying a case study: the massacre in Ca-ñoJabón - Meta village (1998) and the testimony of a survivor, a migrant who fled the violent situation. We will describe the Colombian armed conflict from the perspective of those who sur-vived the massacre and through their memories. In theoretical-methodological terms, we base ourselves in the current of Italian micro-history, making an effort to use micro-historical objects beyond the local question, as a space of demonstration and place of experimentation for the re-elaboration and reformulation of hypotheses of a clearly macro-historical and global order. To do so, we start with a particular event, a testimony, to understand the violence and the massacres that surround the history of a country and the forced migrations resulting from this situation of calamity. In dialogue with first-person narrative, we find other sources that we use to tell this story: newspaper reports on the Caño Jabón massacre and the paramilitaries responsible for the crime, judgments of the Attorney General's Office, judgments of the Inter- Human Rights and the testimony of the paramilitaries themselves before the Colombian justice system. We under-stand, therefore, that the dynamics of capitalist accumulation in Colombia act in a particular way as producers of an order of social control based on the unrestricted use of violence, causing the displacement of thousands of people.

16

Development of the Agency of Ukrainian Children – Forced Migrants: Tasks of School and Family

51%

Halian O.

Roczniki Teologiczne

|

2020

|

tom 67

|

nr 10

129-145

EN

The article reveals potential influence of educational environment and conditions of family education on manifestation of pupils’ own agency in the context of contemporary Ukrainian realities, in particular, forced migration. Agency support is recognized as an important task of ensuring a vital stability of individuals and updating their personal resources, which are aimed not only at adapting to empirical, social, cultural and existential reality in which they live now, but also at their self-development. To achieve this aim the peculiarities of organization of educational environment and system of family education in changed conditions of life realization have been designed. Importance of providing psychological and pedagogical support for development of the agency of schoolchildren is substantiated. That can be reached by encouraging teachers to use a humanitarian approach in education and creation of children picture the world, where value-meaningful attitude to multicultural space contributes to personal growth, and to development of individual educational trajectory for them, which makes possible realization of personal potential and needs by pupils in self-development. Parental influence is presented as an important factor for children to gain new experience of self-awareness through indirect approach in education, transfer of positive experience in overcoming difficult life situations, creating a situation of success in socialization of a child. Particular emphasis is made on cooperation of family and educational institution in identification of markers of agency, their manifestation in patterns of behaviour and values of children. The need to formulate a whole value adult attitude to a child’s desire to be an agent of change and self-change is emphasized.

PL

Rozwój podmiotowości dzieci ukraińskich – przymusowych migrantów: zadania szkoły i rodziny Artykuł ujawnia potencjał wpływu środowiska edukacyjnego i warunków wychowania rodzinnego na przejawianie własnej podmiotowości dzieci w kontekście współczesnych realiów ukraińskich, w szczególności migracji przymusowej. Wspieranie podmiotowości jest uznawane za ważne zadanie zapewnienia stabilności życia osoby i aktualizacji jej zasobów osobistych, których celem jest nie tylko dostosowanie się do rzeczywistości empirycznej, społeczno-kulturowej i egzystencjalnej, w której obecnie żyje, ale także jej samorozwoju. W tym celu zaprojektowano specjalną organizację środowiska edukacyjnego i systemu edukacji rodzinnej w zmienionych warunkach funkcjonowania życia. Uzasadnione jest znaczenie zapewnienia wsparcia psychologicznego i pedagogicznego dla rozwoju podmiotowości uczniów. W tym celu zachęca się nauczycieli do stosowania humanitarnego podejścia do poznania i tworzenia obrazu świata u dziecka, ponieważ ukształtowane wartościowo-semantyczne nastawienie do przestrzeni wielokulturowej przyczynia się do jego osobistego rozwoju. Ponadto ważne jest opracowanie osobistej trajektorii edukacyjnej dla uczniów. Umożliwia to realizację ich osobistego potencjału i potrzeby samorozwoju. Wpływ rodziców jest przedstawiany jako ważny czynnik umożliwiający dzieciom zdobycie nowego doświadczenia samoświadomości. Wynika to z tego, że rodzice stosują metody pośredniego rodzicielstwa, wykazują pozytywne doświadczenia w przezwyciężaniu trudnych sytuacji życiowych, stwarzają sytuację sukcesu w socjalizacji dziecka. Szczególny nacisk kładzie się na współpracę rodziny i instytucji edukacyjnej w identyfikowaniu markerów podmiotowości, ich przejawów we wzorach zachowań i wartościach dzieci. Podkreśla się potrzebę sformułowania holistycznego i wartościowego stosunku dorosłych do pragnienia dziecka, aby być podmiotem zmiany i samorealizacji.

17

The Crisis at the Polish-Belarusian Border: Sites and Things

51%

Judzińska N. , Sendyka R.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

|

2022

|

nr 54

PL

Trwający kryzys humanitarny na granicy polsko-białoruskiej nie przyciągnął masowej uwagi społeczeństwa w Polsce ani w świecie, także zainteresowanie mediów jest ograniczone. Rzadkie wizualizacje osób poszukujących azylu i warunków migracji dostarczane są raczej przez portale aktywistyczne i osoby zaangażowane w udzielanie pomocy humanitarnej, pozostają zatem w obiegach środowisk pracujących na rzecz rozwiązania kryzysu. W związku z powyższym dostęp do wiedzy o warunkach migracji przez polską granicę jest ograniczony. Obserwacja materialnego tła, śladów po migracji, zarówno w rozumieniu topografii, jaki narzędziowego wyposażenia, pozwala zbliżyć się do niedostępnych informacji. Autorki proponują wstępną typologię miejsc migracji, jak i przedmiotów używanych w jej trakcie. Argumentują, że taka strategia badawcza nie tylko analizuje procesy migracyjne poprzez ich wtórne symptomy. Może być również zrozumiana jako gest sojuszniczy wobec osób poszukujących azylu. Analiza materialna pozwala bowiem na odsłanianie doświadczenia migracji w taki sposób, by nie naruszyć kruchego bezpieczeństwa osób w drodze.

EN

The ongoing humanitarian crisis at the Polish-Belarusian border has not attracted mass public attention in Poland or in the world. Rare visuals of asylum seekers and migration conditions are rather provided by activist portals, and thus they circulate among those working to solve the crisis. Consequently, access to knowledge about the experience of undocumented migration across the Polish border and its conditions is limited. Observing the material background and the traces of the route, both in terms of its topography and instrumental equipment, allows us to get closer to the inaccessible information. The authors propose a preliminary typology of migration sites and objects used by people on the move. Such a research strategy not only examines migration processes through secondary symptoms, but it can also be understood as a supportive gesture towards asylum seekers. Material analysis makes it possible to reveal the experience of migration in a way that does not infringe on the precarious security of people on the move.