In order to transform the chemical energy of vegetable oil or alternative, vegetable oil-alcohol blends, in SI engines, one should properly modify system of combustion. The author worked out a system of pneumatic fuel injection by means of hot exhaust gases drawn from one cylinder during the working stroke and, following the addition of fuel, forced into another cylinder during the compression stage [3]. On the present stage of this combustion system development, it seems the possibility in small SI engines the renewable fuels combined with an emission control of toxic components of the exhaust gasses to implementation. This enables optimisation of whole exhaust system at conservation of high temperature in the monolith TWC. In the paper catalytic conversion of toxic components in exhaust gas as dependence of alternative fuels mixture preparation obtained from experiment is presented. Research works were conducted on a low cost flexible fuel, 250 cc two-stroke two-cylinder spark ignition engine, based on pneumatic fuel injection by means of hot exhaust gases. In the paper results of experiment in comparison to petrol fueled engine were given. The paper includes several figures obtained from experiments. Petrol, rape oil, ethyl alcohol and their mixtures were used to examinations. The engine was started on petrol or alcohol, and after switching to the alternative fuel, the load setting took place. Below in the form of the collective balance sheet, the effect of flexible fuel engine fueling on working parameters were shown.
PL
Zamiana energii chemicznej oleju roślinnego i jego mieszanin z etanolem i/lub benzyną na pracę użyteczną w silniku o zapłonie iskrowym wymaga odpowiedniego zmodyfikowania systemu spalania. Autor opracował system pneumatycznego wtrysku paliwa za pomocą gorących gazów spalinowych [3]. Na obecnym etapie rozwoju tego systemu spalania uzyskano możliwość zasilania małych silników ZI paliwem bazującym na paliwach odnawialnych z jednoczesną kontrolą emisji toksycznych składników gazów spalinowych. Koncepcja ta umożliwiła kontrolę całego systemu spalania w celu utrzymania stabilnej temperatury w monolicie złoża konwertera katalitycznego. W artykule zostały zaprezentowane wyniki eksperymentów z zakresu konwersji toksycznych składników gazów spalinowych w zależności od rodzaju zastosowanego paliwa. Badania zostały przeprowadzone na niskobudżetowym wielopaliwowym dwusuwowym silniku ZI. Wyniki eksperymentów zamieszczone w artykule uzyskano podczas badań silnika zasilanego benzyną, alkoholem etylowym i ich mieszaninami z olejem rzepakowym.
In this article the analysis of working parameters of flexible fuel engine based on pneumatic fuel injection by means of hot exhaust gases in two-stroke engine are presented. This is a low cost in-cylinder fuel injection system for SI engines which is much simpler than alternatives. Author realized a system of pneumatic fuel injection by means of hot exhaust gases (according to conception of Pat PL95190B1) drawn from one cylinder during the working stroke and, following the addition of fuel, forced into another cylinder during the compression stage. Spraying and injection of fuel by means of hot exhaust gases give additional possibilities of complete evaporation of liquid fuels. In practice, a two-stroke internal combustion engine with spark ignition and pneumatic injection based on this strategy successfully uses liquid fuels with very different fractional and group composition (alcohol, alternative fuels with extended fraction and heavy fuels, such as diesel oil, kerosene and vegetable oil), which may be very beneficial from the viewpoint of practical realization of flexible fueling combustion system for special engines. The results of tests shown it is possible to reach a high repeatability of the fuel dose per cycle and maintaining uniform fuel doses for each cylinder. This is most significant factor for cooperation possibility and power control of combustion engine and electric machine in hybrid propulsion system.
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