Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Field study of film spreading on a sea surface

100%

Korinenko A. E. , Malinovsky V. V.

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tom No. 56 (3)

461--475

EN

The results of a field study of surface film spreading on the sea surface are presented. The experiments were carried out in the coastal zone of the Black Sea in a wide range of wind speeds and wave conditions. Vegetable oil was used for preparing the surfactants. It was found that at moderate and strong wind speeds the slicks take on a shape similar to an ellipse and are orientated in the direction of the air flow. An increase in the speed of the spreading slick along its major axis with strong wind was discovered.

2

Field and Laboratory Studies of the Earthworm Dendrobaena Alpina

88%

Kostecka J. , Butt K. R.

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tom Vol. 16, nr 5

213--217

EN

Distribution of Dendrobaena alpina covers the mountainous region of central Europe, where it has a high dominance and frequency index. This work describes data from field studies conducted over two annual cycles in the Bieszczady National Park (BNP), Poland, in different types of beech forest. Densities of this species ranged from 47–231 g·m -2 with associated biomasses of 19–90 g·m -2. Most (66%) were recovered from less than 0.1 m soil depth with a further 28% from up to 0.2 m. Further, the animals were collected alive from Lutowiska, close to the BNP to obtain baseline data on the life history of D. alpina. Mature individuals were kept in isolation and cocoon production monitored on a 2 monthly basis. Immature individuals were kept until they reached maturity, when they were paired, with combined output of cocoons regularly monitored. Cocoons were collected, had their masses determined and were incubated. Hatchability was recorded, as was estimated duration of incubation and growth to maturity. Field-collected adults had a mean mass of 1.4 g and at 15 ºC, these produced an average of 1.83 cocoons·worm -1·month -1. Zero cocoons were produced by further specimens, collected as immature, grown to maturity and maintained in isolation. Recently-matured, paired D. alpina produced an average of 1.65 cocoons·worm -1·month -3. Cocoons had a mean mass of 19 mg. At 15 ºC, cocoons produced by recently matured adults hatched after 80 days (82% viable), but after 2 months the majority of cocoons failed to hatch. Hatchling growth from an average of 18 mg to maturity required 7–11 months in the given substrate.

3

The Workload and Performance Relationship in the Real World: A Study of Police Officers in a Field Shooting Exercise

75%

Oron-Gilad T. , Szalma J. L. , Stafford S. C. , Hancock P. A.

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tom Vol. 14, No. 2

119--131

EN

We examined the relationship between perceived workload and performance by evaluating the responses of police officers to 4 different draw-and-shoot tasks in a night field training exercise which was part of their regular training regimen. Sixty-two police officers volunteered to participate. Results demonstrated an associative trend among 3 tasks where shooting performance decreased and workload increased as the tasks became more complex. However, performance on 1 specific shooting task did not correlate with any of the other 3 tasks, and in this 1 exceptional case, insensitivities were observed in which workload increased but performance remained constant.

4

Ocena wpływu otwartej erupcji ropy naftowej na środowisko gruntowo-wodne na przykładzie otworu Daszewo-1

63%

Macuda J. , Dubiel S.

Wiertnictwo, Nafta, Gaz

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2010

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tom T. 27, z. 1--2

251-259

PL

Na przełomie lat 1980-1981, podczas wiercenia otworu poszukiwawczego "Daszewo-1" wystąpiła otwarta erupcja węglowodorów. Intensywny wypływ ropy naftowej na powierzchnię wraz z towarzyszącym jej gazem ziemnym trwał 33 dni i w tym czasie przedostało się do środowiska od kilkunastu do kilkudziesięciu tysięcy ton ropy naftowej. W wyniku zaistniałej erupcji stwierdzono zanieczyszczenie gleb ropą naftową wokół otworu "Daszewo-1" na obszarze 27 ha. Dla ukazania aktualnego stanu środowiska gruntowo-wodnego, po upływie około 30 lat od zaistniałej awarii pobrano do badań laboratoryjnych próbki gleb, gruntów i wód podziemnych w celu oznaczenia w nich koncentracji węglowodorów. Otrzymane wyniki porównano z aktualnie obowiązującymi standardami jakości gleb i gruntów oraz wód podziemnych dla terenów upraw rolniczych i nie stwierdzono przekroczeń dopuszczalnych koncentracji węglowodorów.

EN

At the turn of 1980-1981, when exploration well "Daszewo-1" was drilled, an intense eruption of oil and natural gas occurred. It lasted 33 days and during that time dozen to tens thousands tones of oil were released to the environment. The soils around well "Daszewo-1" were polluted in the area of 27 ha. After 30 years the soil, ground and groundwater samples were taken for laboratory analyses, during which hydrocarbon concentrations were established. The obtained results were compared with the present qualitative standards of soil, ground and groundwater in the agricultural areas. They do not reveal any higher values than the standards for admissible hydrocarbon concentrations.

5

Dylematy etyczne i metodologiczne w etnograficznych badaniach terenowych w Meksyku

63%

Chomczyński P.

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nr 4

143-159

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza metodologicznych i etycznych uwarunkowań prowadzenia badań w trudnym terenie. Zaakcentowany został problem rozumienia badanych przez badacza, zwłaszcza w przypadku prowadzenia badań w odmiennym kulturowo kraju, gdzie nie do końca może on liczyć na sięganie do własnych zasobów mentalnych, w tym dotychczasowych doświadczeń. W artykule został podjęty także wątek budowania relacji z badanymi oraz problem etyki, który często stoi w sprzeczności wobec efektywności pozyskiwania danych.

EN

The aim of the paper is discussion over methodological and ethical conditions of research carried out in hostile environment. The problem of high importance is understanding people in culturally different country where researcher faces huge problems in using his/her mental capacities including past experiences. There is also discussed problem of relations created with interviewees and ethics that in many situations is contradictory toward effectiveness in data collection.

6

Analysis of the wear of L-hoe blades

63%

Owsiak Z.

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tom 02

7

The occurence of badger Meles meles in Silesian Lowland [South-West Poland] and comparison between effectiveness of different research methods

63%

Nadolska M.

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tom 50

8

Gender, age and seasonal dependent self-anointing in the European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus

63%

D'Have H. , Scheirs J. , Verhagen R. , De Coen W.

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tom 50

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nr 2

EN

Various hypotheses have been proposed in order to explain self-anointing in hedgehogs, but until now its function is still poorly understood. In order to obtain a better understanding of self-anointing, we investigated whether this behaviour is gender, age and seasonal dependent in seven European hedgehogErinaceus europaeus Linnaeus, 1758 populations. Signs of self-anointing were observed in more than 11% of all observations. First-year independent young were found to self-anoint more than adults, while male hedgehogs bore more signs of self-anointing than females. Self-anointing in adults displayed a peak in summertime, while no clear pattern was observed for young. We conclude that self-anointing is clearly dependent on gender, age and season.

9

Box Handling in the Loading and Unloading of Vans

51%

Lortie M. , Baril-Gingras G.

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tom Vol. 4, No. 1

3--18

EN

The handling of 2,306 boxes being loaded or unloaded from vans onto or from 4-wheeled trolleys by 31 handlers in a warehouse were characterized. Handling was videotaped and characterized through an analysis grid completed by three trained observers. The following execution parameters were observed: nature of the exertion applied by the upper limbs, plane and direction of the exertion, resulting displacement of the box, grip, use of the lower limbs and the back. Results show that execution parameters used by handlers vary considerably from those usually recommended or studied. For example, symmetric grips were rarely used (4%). The grip was modified during the handling of half the boxes. Significant knee flexion was rarely observed (3% of exertions). Each box was moved by applying an average of . 3.5 different exertions. Exertions were mostly applied in a plane parallel to the shoulders; they were rarely executed in a strict sagittal plane (11%). The implication of these observations are discussed.