Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Bodily injury by fault in the New Romanian Criminal Code

100%

Zazula B. A.

Journal of Legal Studies

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2016

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tom 17

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nr 31

98-105

EN

In all constitutional systems, there is a reticence in sanctioning criminally any injury caused by fault to a person, without taking into account certain aspects really justifying the penology’s intervention – a severe injury of the victim’s body, a case where there are broken prudence norms enacted precisely for avoiding the bodily injury by fault of a person.

2

Wykrywanie uszkodzeń zwielokrotnionych mechanizmów wykonawczych podczas ich działania

80%

Dołęga B.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Mechanika

|

2004

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tom z. 62 [209]

63--68

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono metodę wykrywania uszkodzeń w mechanicznych systemach redundantnych. Metoda wykorzystuje czynny eksperyment do generowania sygnału diagnostyki uszkodzenia. Wykrywanie odbywa się podczas pracy diagnozowanych układów. Jako przykład zaprezentowano redundantny mechanizm sterujący przesuwaniem masy.

EN

In this paper a method of fault detection in mechanical redundant systems is presented. The method uses the active experiment for residual signal generating. It is on-line working method. The basic features of this method are shown by the redundant actuator moving the mass application.

3

Recognition of Acoustic Signals of Induction Motors with the Use of MSAF10 and Bayes Classfier

80%

Glowacz A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2016

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tom Vol. 61, iss. 1

153--158

EN

Condition monitoring of deterioration in the metallurgical equipment is essential for faultless operation of the metallurgical processes. These processes use various metallurgical equipment, such as induction motors or industrial furnaces. These devices operate continuously. Correct diagnosis and early detection of incipient faults allow to avoid accidents and help reducing financial loss. This paper deals with monitoring of rotor electrical faults of induction motor. A technique of recognition of acoustic signals of induction motors is presented. Three states of induction motor were analyzed. Studies were carried out for methods of data processing: Method of Selection of Amplitudes of Frequencies (MSAF10) and Bayes classifier. Condition monitoring is helpful to protect induction motors and metallurgical equipment. Further researches will allow to analyze other metallurgical equipment.

4

Investigation of reliability of high-pressure fuel pumps

80%

Pikunas A. , Spruogis B. , Jurevicius J.

Eksploatacja i Niezawodność

|

2004

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tom nr 3

29-32

EN

This paper presents the research of faults of high-pressure fuel pumps (HPFP) as the main units of fuel equipment having influence on ifs reliability. Based by example of distributive-type ram HPFP-s, produced in Vilnius (Lithuania), there were examined the main indications of such failures and in accordance with the Waybull 's distribution law thwere were determined distributions of frequency of the random failures. Histogram of distribution of the random value, differential function and diagram of failure distribution of the HPFP-s are also presented.

5

Klasyfikacja rodzaju zwarcia w liniach energetycznych dla potrzeb zabezpieczeniowych i lokalizacji miejsca zwarcia

80%

Iżykowski J. , Rebizant W. , Rosołowski E.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2000

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tom nr 1

6-11

6

Detection of process and sensor faults using model-based approaches in industrial batch processes

80%

Schubert U. , Arellano-Garcia H. , Wozny G.

Chemical and Process Engineering

|

2009

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tom Vol. 30, z. 3

369-388

EN

The pressure to develop new approaches for process control with improved performance leads to the application of model based predictive control methods in a variety of processes. However, the main drawback of implementing these approaches lies in the need for expensive model development. In this work, new prospects for current advanced process control projects in the chemical industry incorporating algorithms for fault detection and identification are presented. The starting point in this contribution stems from a research cooperation work with the Evonik Degussa GmbH at Hanau-Wolfang, Germany. The proposed design approach will show that additional benefit can be made accessible by using process models for fault detection and identification in addition to regulatory control. The considered industrial case studies reveal the improvement and the need for robust symptom generation in potential online applications.

PL

Presja do tworzenia nowych sposobów kontroli procesu o lepszej wydajności prowadzi do zastosowania metod opartych na modelach sterowania predykcyjnego w różnorodnych typach procesów. Jednakże główną wadą tych metod jest kosztowne tworzenie modelu. Przedstawiono nowe propozycje projektów dotyczące złożonych procesów kontroli w inżynierii procesowej zawierające algorytmy wykrywania i identyfikacji uszkodzeń. Punkt wyjścia wywodzi się ze wspólnej pracy badawczej z firmą Evonik Degussa GmbH z Hanau-Wolfgang, Niemcy. Zaproponowana metoda projektowania pokazuje, że można uzyskać dodatkowe korzyści przez użycie wdrożonych modeli procesu do wykrywania i identyfikacji uszkodzeń mimo sterowania kontrolnego. Przedstawiony przypadek przemysłowy ukazuje polepszenie i potrzebę generowania symptomów w potencjalnych aplikacjach online.

7

Czynne delikty orzecznicze w Kodeksie cywilnym – od winy kwalifikowanej po niezgodność z prawem i… winę kwalifikowaną

80%

Wojewoda M. , Szymura-Strumiłło K.

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

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2018

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tom 27

|

nr 2

435-455

EN

Civil liability of public authorities – as regulated in the Polish Civil Code of 1964 – has undergone important changes in the year 2004. The new wording of art. 417 ff. of the Code was meant to align the old statutory solutions with art. 77 of the Polish Constitution of 1997, which proclaims the right of individuals to get compensation for any damage inflicted by an unlawful exercise of public authority. Thus, it is unlawfulness that has become the key prerequisite to establish public authority’s liability. Interestingly, this holds true also in cases where an erroneous judicial ruling or administrative decision is the source of damage, provided that such ruling/decision is final and cannot be challenged in the usual way (art. 4171 §2 of the Civil Code). Still, to start the compensation case the plaintiff needs to have previously established the unlawfulness of the ruling/decision in special proceedings, which – at least with regard to judicial rulings – takes place in front of the Supreme Court. The above scheme imputes the abandonment of the qualified fault of the ‘author’ of the incriminated ruling/decision (i.e. the judge or the administrative organ) as a precondition to apply for civil compensation. It marks an important difference with the original wording of art. 418 of the Civil Code (now repealed), which – in case of juridical delicts – required that such qualified fault was established. According to the provision in question, compensation could be sought only if the giving of the ruling/decision constituted a criminal or disciplinary offence confirmed in separate proceedings (before initiating the case for damages). While presenting the evolution of the Polish regulations concerning juridical delicts, the authors of the article try to demonstrate that the apparent shift from qualified fault (art. 418 of the Civil Code in the original wording) to purely objective unlawfulness (art. 4171 §2) is only superficial if not fictitious. According to prevailing case law, the ‘unlawfulness’ of the ruling/decision concerns exclusively these juridical errors that are obvious, indisputable and which can be spotted without complicated legal analysis. In this light the authors point out that making such errors cannot happen without the clear fault of the judge or the administrative organ. This means that the subjective element, although hidden, is still present in the construction of the liability.

8

Cause and effect factors of refrigeration system faults in fishing vessels

80%

Kostrzewa W. , Behrendt C.

Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie

|

2012

|

tom nr 32 (104) z. 2

94-97

EN

Growing environmental protection requirements also include problems of ozone depletion by coolants. This article presents a possibility of using a cause-and-effect diagram, known as Ishikawa diagram, for an analysis of faults occurring in marine refrigeration systems. The analysis, focused on refrigeration systems installed in Polish fishing vessels, makes use of extensive faults data collected during research.

9

The impact of the low throw fault on the stability of roadways in a hard coal mine

80%

Małkowski P. , Ostrowski Ł. , Bachanek P.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

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2017

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tom Vol. 39, nr 1

63--72

EN

Ensuring roadways stability in hard coal mines is one of the main challenges faced by engineers. A changeable geological structure have caused the roadway’s conditions to vary, thus influencing its stability. One of the causes of those changes is the presence of a previously undiscovered fault zone (small faults crossed the roadway) within which a significant convergence or support deformation may occur. The paper presents the impact of low throw faults on the degree of convergence of roadways. Convergence is determined for two roadways in the hard coal mine. A special measuring stations have been installed in one of the roadways, and they have carried out constant measurements for 15 months. In the other roadway, the degree of convergence has been determined on the basis of an on-site verification and comparison of the measurements obtained and the initial values, based on the roadway’s records. On the basis of the obtained convergence results, the impact of a single fault and the entire fault zone on the roadway stability has been determined. The impact of a single, low throw fault results in a 30% higher vertical convergence than in the case of roadways free of geological disturbance. In the roadway section located in the fault zone, vertical convergence is 4 times higher than in the case of sections free of disturbance impact. The floor heaving constitutes ca. 90% of vertical convergence both for roadway sections situated within the faulted zones and for sections free of the influence of any additional factors.

10

Grounds for Private Enforcement of Albanian Competition Law

70%

Nazifi E. , Petrina B.

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

|

2016

|

tom 9(13)

61-76

EN

Infringements of competition law can cause serious harm to both consumers and undertakings. Aside from the development of public enforcement of competition law, much focus has been placed in recent years in the European Union on private competition law enforcement. Lawsuits raised by undertakings that sustained damages from anti-competitive practice concerning the compensation of such damages have historically not been widespread in Europe. No such cases have been recorded in Albania at all yet, despite the fact that its competition protection legislation has provided this possibility since 1995. The main causes of the lack of private competition law enforcement in Albania include the absence of judicial practice and doctrinal approaches in this area. Relevant here is also the inability of Albanian businesses and consumers to react to competition protection cases as they still lack competition law knowledge and as a result of the absence of an appropriate legal framework for class actions. The scope of this article is to analyze the current situation of private competition law enforcement in Albania. The paper emphasizes the current legal framework including existing obstacles to private competition law enforcement and improvements that should be introduced in the context of its competition law, the law of civil procedures and the law of obligations.

FR

Les violations du droit de la concurrence peuvent causer un préjudice grave aux consommateurs et aux entreprises. À part du développement de l'application publique du droit de la concurrence, beaucoup d’attention a été consacrée les dernières années à l’application privée du droit de la concurrence dans l’Union européenne. Néanmoins, les actions en indemnisation introduites par les entreprises qui ont subi des dommages résultant de la violation du droit de la concurrence n’étaient pas trop répandues en Europe. Malgré le fait que depuis 1995 la loi albanaise sur la protection de la concurrence prévoit la possibilité d’introduire les actions en indemnisation par les entreprises qui ont subi des dommages resultant de la violation du droit de la concurrence, aucune de ces actions n’était pas été introduite en Albanie jusqu’à présent. Les raisons principales du non-développement de l’exécution privée du droit de la concurrence en Albanie sont : l’absence de la pratique judiciaire et l’absence de la doctrine juridique dans ce domaine. il faut aussi mentionner sur ce point l'incapacité des entreprises et des consommateurs albanais de répondre aux actions privées ce qui résulte du manque de connaissances en droit de la concurrence et l'absence d'un cadre juridique approprié pour les actions collectives. Le but de cet article est d’analyser l’état actuel de l’exécution privée du droit de la concurrence en Albanie. L’article met l’accent sur le cadre juridique actuel, y compris les obstacles à l’exécution privée du droit de la concurrence, et propose les améliorations qui devraient être introduites dans le droit de la concurrence, dans la procédure civile et dans le droit des obligations afin de changer cette situation.

11

Design of Observer-Based Fault Detection Structure for Unknown Systems using Input–Output Measurements: Practical Application to BLDC Drive

70%

Eissa M. A. , Darwish R. R. , Bassiuny A. M.

Power Electronics and Drives

|

2019

|

tom Vol. 4 (39)

215--224

EN

Industrial systems serve us in all areas of life. Faults may result in economic loss and wasting energy. Detecting the onset of faults, and determining their location are important engineering tasks. An important class of fault detection (FD) and diagnosis methods utilizes the mathematical model of the monitored system. But, the parameters required for mathematical modelling are limited or unavailable for the most real industrial engineering applications. Observer-based FD is one of the main approaches to FD and identification. At the same time, the traditional observer’s gain calculation required system model parameters. So, this article presents the design of a novel observer for FD purposes using the input–output measurements of the system with unknown parameters. This proposed observer’s design considers observer’s gain tuning, regardless of the mathematical representation of the plant. This the new feature that distinction our observer will facilitate the implementation of FD systems for many unknown parameters industrial systems. The effectiveness of the proposed observer is verified by experimental application to BLDC motor and compared with classical Luenberger observer. The experimental and comparison results prove feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed observer for FD purposes.

12

Application Of An Exhaust Signal For Diagnosing A Ship Boiler

70%

Adamkiewicz A. , Fydrych J.

Journal of Polish CIMAC

|

2008

|

tom Vol. 3, no 2

9-13

EN

This study presents causes of faults and break-downs of ship steam boilers. The so-far used methods of their operation control based on a thermal-flow diagnostic signal have been discussed. The need to apply an exhaust signal for boiler diagnosing has been justified. A method of determining its parameters has been described. Thermal-flow clues indicating the need to start the boiler diagnosing process and an example of operational decision making based on the measured parameters of the exhaust signal (practical algorithm for a chosen boiler) has been presented. Utilitarian role of this signal in ship steam boiler operation, not only due to its pro- ecological value, has been indicated.

13

Causing non-contractual damages according to Albanian law

70%

Levanaj A. , Arshiaj B.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

|

2015

|

nr 11

166-174

EN

This study is mainly focused on handling the causing non-contractual damage, achieving a theoretical analysis of its constituent components as fault, causal connection, unlawful act or omission and damage compensation. Non-contractual liability is provided by our civil code, defining it as at fault or without fault liability. Our country, as a country in transition needs legal investment and its implementation into practice. One of the cases on which liability on damage compensation arises is the combination of the rights of persons, whose dignity has been infringed against the right that is explicitly sanctioned in the Constitution of the Republic of Albania, freedom of speech as well as thought, fundamental principles of law, but always without thereby infringing the dignity of a subject of law and and being faced with moral and material damages. In order to handle legally this issue as well as its civil legal consequences that threaten to influence on the entities that breach the law, but also their sensibilization. Hereafter I am handling the theoretical and legal way – the analysis of such a case, under legal - civil perspective.

14

Rethinking the relationship between the enforceability of penalty clauses and the debtor’s fault in breach of his/her obligation under Swiss law

70%

Aksoy H. C.

The Lawyer Quarterly

|

2021

|

tom 11

|

nr 2

271-288

EN

Despite the lack of an explicit provision within the Swiss Code of Obligations (OR), the considerable majority of the Swiss doctrine as well as the Federal Court accept that contractual penalty shall be paid if and only if the debtor’s breach is based on his/her fault. In this paper, we question such dogma and analyze the wording and purposes of Articles 161/2 and 163/2 of the Swiss Code of Obligations by taking their historical background into account. We argue that unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the debtor’s obligation to pay the penalty shall be deemed independent of his/her fault.

15

Construction and application of a bearing fault diagnosis model based on improved GWO algorithm

70%

Jiang L.

Diagnostyka

|

2024

|

tom Vol. 25, No. 3

art. no. 2024302

EN

In mechanical equipment, if bearing components fail, it can cause serious equipment damage and even threaten human life safety. Therefore, equipment bearings fault diagnosis is of great meaning. In the study of bearing fault diagnosis, an improved gray wolf optimization algorithm is put forward to optimize the support vector machine model. The model improves the convergence factor of the algorithm, and then optimizes the penalty factor and KF parameters of the support vector machine to enhance the accuracy of fault classification. At the same time, in the problem of fault identification, the introduction of adaptive noise set empirical mode decomposition and the combination of permutation entropy are studied to minimize the impact of noise on the identification model. The experimental outcomes indicated that the algorithm proposed in the study had an average fitness value and a standard deviation fitness value of 0 in the benchmark test function and 94.55% accuracy in overall fault identification. The permutation entropy of the vibration signal in the normal state of the bearing was within the range of [0.13, 0.52], which has a more stable state compared to the fault state. The results show that the improved grey Wolf optimization algorithm is applied to the optimization of support vector machine, combined with the adaptive noise set empirical mode decomposition and permutation entropy, and the identification and classification results of bearing faults are successfully improved, making the proposed method feasible in bearing fault diagnosis, and providing a more effective scheme for fault diagnosis.

16

Wykorzystanie wyników badan przedremontowych oraz prób międzyoperacyjnych i odbiorczych do poprawy niezawodności transformatorów

60%

Mańka J. , Pawłowski D. , Szymański Z. , Woś J.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

|

2015

|

tom R. 91, nr 10

99-105

PL

W opracowaniu omówiono negatywne wyniki prób na transformatorach w terenie oraz fabrycznych. Przedstawiono szczegółową dokumentację zdjęciową z miejsca uszkodzenia. Istotnym elementem jest podanie szczegółowego wyjaśnienia przyczyny powstania defektu i opracowanego na tej podstawie sposobu naprawy. Najbardziej istotnym elementem jest wypracowanie zaleceń do zmian w konstrukcji lub technologii których celem jest wyeliminowanie podobnych przypadków na stacji prób oraz poprawa jakości i niezawodności transformatorów w eksploatacji.

EN

The paper discusses the negative results of tests on transformers in the field and factory. A detailed photographic documentation of the fault. An important element is to provide a detailed explanation of the reasons for the defect and developed on the basis of the method of repair. The most important element is to develop recommendations for changes to the design or technology whose purpose is to eliminate similar cases at the trial station and to improve the quality and reliability of transformers in operation.

17

The influence of normal fault on initial state of stress in rock mass

60%

Tajduś A. , Cała M. , Tajduś K.

Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica

|

2016

|

tom Vol. 38, nr 1

109--120

EN

Determination of original state of stress in rock mass is a very difficult task for rock mechanics. Yet, original state of stress in rock mass has fundamental influence on secondary state of stress, which occurs in the vicinity of mining headings. This, in turn, is the cause of the occurrence of a number of mining hazards, i.e., seismic events, rock bursts, gas and rock outbursts, falls of roof. From experience, it is known that original state of stress depends a lot on tectonic disturbances, i.e., faults and folds. In the area of faults, a great number of seismic events occur, often of high energies. These seismic events, in many cases, are the cause of rock bursts and damage to the constructions located inside the rock mass and on the surface of the ground. To estimate the influence of fault existence on the disturbance of original state of stress in rock mass, numerical calculations were done by means of Finite Element Method. In the calculations, it was tried to determine the influence of different factors on state of stress, which occurs in the vicinity of a normal fault, i.e., the influence of normal fault inclination, deformability of rock mass, values of friction coefficient on the fault contact. Critical value of friction coefficient was also determined, when mutual dislocation of rock mass part separated by a fault is impossible. The obtained results enabled formulation of a number of conclusions, which are important in the context of seismic events and rock bursts in the area of faults.

18

Nietypowe zwarcie w stacji Świebodzice

60%

Burdajewicz M.

Automatyka Elektroenergetyczna

|

2007

|

tom Nr 3 (56)

42-46

PL

W oparciu o analizę awarii w stacji 110kV Świebodzice oraz mając na uwadze poprawę selektywności działania zabezpieczeń odległościowych w tejże stacji, w opracowaniu omówiono zastosowanie prawidłowej konfiguracji i nastawień zabezpieczeń odległościowych, jak i praktycznego wykorzystania najnowszych narzędzi pomiarowych w tym zakresie. Wnioski z przeprowadzonej analizy wykazują nieprawidłowe działanie zabezpieczeń odległościowych w powyższej stacji.

EN

The numerical ditance protection is a fast and selective protection device for overhead lines 110kV. After settings are made for specific applications, the device is suitable for direct use in power system. careful selection of the reach settins and tripping times for the various zones of measurement enables correct coordination between distance relays on a power system.

19

Modeling of the disjunctive geological fault influence on the exploitation wells stability during underground coal gasification

60%

Dychkovskyi R. O. , Lozynskyi V. H. , Saik P. B. , Petlovanyi M. V. , Malanchuk Y. Z. , Malanchuk Z. R.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

|

2018

|

tom Vol. 18, no. 4

1183--1197

EN

Results of computer modeling of stress-deformed state of rock massif with the use of software FLAC 5.00 in zones of geological fault influence with amplitude that does not exceed 3 m are presented in the article. According to the results of the modeling, the dependences of vertical stress change in handing wall and foot wall of geological fault with variable fault plane amplitudes and contour well deformation have been obtained. Using the interpolation data method, 3-D grid visualization of vertical stress in space is got. The analysis of modeling results on full movement vectors is also presented. Results of previously conducted analytical calculations are compared with received data. Conclusions regarding the implementation of the offered method are made on the basis of undertaken investigations. The obtained results with sufficient accuracy in practical application can be used to determine the location of underground gas generator wells. Also these investigations will give the opportunity to maintain the necessary exploitation wells crosscut. Besides, it will allow consume coal reserves in the faulting zones in order to obtain power and chemical generator gas, chemicals and heat.

20

Detection of single and multiple IGBTs open-circuit faults in a field-oriented controlled induction motor drive

60%

Sobański P. , Orłowska-Kowalska T.

Archives of Electrical Engineering

|

2017

|

tom Vol. 66, nr 1

89--104

EN

In this paper a transistor open-circuit fault diagnosis method in a rotor field oriented controlled induction motor drive, fed by a two-level voltage inverter has been proposed. The diagnostic procedure ensures detection and localization of single or multiple power switch failures in time shorter than one period of a stator current fundamental harmonic, without regard to a drive operation point. A new simple scheme of the diagnostic system is proposed. In order to validate the proposed transistor fault diagnostic method, a detailed simulation as well as experimental tests of the field-oriented control drive system were carried out and some of them are shown in this paper.