Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Pierwsza polska wyprawa polarna

100%

Kohler P.

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2013

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tom R. 58, nr 4

43--59

EN

The International Meteorological Organization at a meeting of directors of meteorological institutes in Copenhagen in 1929, determined that the 2nd International Polar Year will be held from 1932 to 1933. The Polish National Committee of the Polar Year developed three alternatives of conducting researches within the program of IP YII. The alternative assuming the building of a permanent sta tion on Bear Island and conducting follow-up researches during the next year was finally chosen as the accepted option. Due to the limited financial resources, 3 persons were selected to partici pate in the expedition: Czesław Centkiewicz, Władysław Łysakowski and Stanisław Siedlecki. In the initial period (until mid-September of 1932), in the expedition there also participated Jean Lugeon and Jan Gurtzman. The media was initially set against the expedition. The expedition departed on 12 July, 1932 from a town of Legionowo, near Warsaw. It reached Bear Island on August 5, 1932 and left on August 18, 1933. The different records, collected with an extensive amount of effort, during the stay on Bear Island were analysed (at least partially) after the explorers returned to Poland. There were four notebooks Résultats des Observations de ľ expédition polonaise de ľ Année Polaire 1932-1933 à ľ Ile des Ours and several other publica tions printed. The first Polish expedition to the Arctic proved to be an extremely successful venture. The scientific and research objectives were almost completely fulfilled. Poland, in a very effective and positive way, became known in the world of science. The experience gained during this expedi tion was bearing fruit for years to come both to its participants and to the entire Polish world of science.

2

Generał Ichi – egipski podróżnik z epoki budowniczych piramid

100%

Kuraszkiewicz K. O.

Afryka

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2016

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nr 43

155-172

EN

Contacts of the pharaonic civilisation with the neighbouring areas were frequent and intense. Much less regular were expeditions to more distant lands, and an important destination of such travels was the land of Punt. The Egyptian expeditions to Punt in the Pyramid Age (Old Kingdom, ca. 2543-2120 BC) are discussed and new evidence from Polish archaeological research in Egypt is presented, concerning a high-ranked official responsible for foreign expeditions. The evidence suggests that a previously unknown expedition to Punt may have been organised during the late Old Kingdom.

3

Extreme sleep fragmentation for 11 consecutive days and nights does not significantly alter total sleep time, and sleep stage distribution, during the continuous alpine downhill skiing world record

67%

Gindulis M. , Netzer N. , Burtscher M. , Gatterer H. , Schmidt C. , Morrison A. , Küpper T.

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tom 17

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nr 4

18-24

EN

Introduction: Extreme levels of sleep deprivation, fragmentation and management, are major problems in many sportive disciplines, ultramarathons, polar or extreme altitude expeditions, and in space operations.Material and methods: Polysomnographic (PSG) data was continuously recorded (total sleep time and sleep stage distribution) in a 34-year-old male whilst performing the new world record in long-term downhill skiing. He napped only during the short ski lift rides for 11 days and nights. Results: After an initial period of complete sleep deprivation for 24 hours, total sleep time and the total times of non-REM and REM achieved during the lift rides returned to standard values on the second day. PSG data revealed an average sleep time per 24 hours of 6 hours and 6 minutes. During daylight sleep was rarely registered. The subject experienced only two minor falls without injury and immediately resumed skiing. Conclusion: In a healthy, trained, elite male athlete, sleep fragmentation over 11 consecutive days did not significantly impair the sleep, motor or cognitive skills required to perform a continuous downhill skiing world record after an initial adaptation phase

4

Jordania - geoturystyczny raj

67%

Pająk J.

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2004

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tom T. 1, nr 1

59-64

PL

Artykuł ten jest relacją z wyprawy studentów WGGiOŚ AGH do Jordanii, monarchii islamskiej na Półwyspie Arabskim. Graniczy ona z Syrią, Irakiem, Arabią Saudyjską, Palestyną oraz Izraelem. Kraj ten bogaty jest w różnorodne atrakcje turystyczne, związane z historią tychże obszarów, kulturą, a także szeroko pojętą geologią. Celem wyprawy było dotarcie do najciekawszych, pod względem geoturystycznym, obiektów geologicznych. Na trasie znalazły się: Morze Martwe, najniżej położone miejsce na Ziemi, Pustynia Wadi Rum oraz Petra, miasto będące dawniej stolicą Nabatejczyków wyrzeźbione w bajecznie kolorowych piaskowcach.

EN

The paper deals the expedition of students of the Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection to Jordan, an Islamic Monarchy on the Arabian Peninsula. It borders upon Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Palestine and Israel. There are various touristic attractions connected with amazing history of the country, its culture and also geology. The main reason of this trip was to visit the most interesting geological sites considering geotourism. The route included the Dead Sea the lowest point on Earth, Wadi Rum Desert and Petra - the old Nabataean Arabs city carved in the marvelous sandstone.

5

Życie codzienne wojska Rzeczpospolitej Obojga Narodów podczas kampanii moskiewskich w latach 1579 – 1582

51%

Małecki M.

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tom 18

179-205

EN

The article presents the daily life of soldiers during lasting three years war with the Grand Duchy of Moscow. For legal and military matters, during each war campaign, legal acts called military articles were issued. The main military command consisted of crown and Lithuanian hetmans. Each expedition was attended by a large number of army in the range of 40 – 50 thousands soldiers, and their combat value was at a satisfactory level. The morale of the army depended on many factors, among which we can mention: financial issues, weather, road quality, diseases or spiritual matters. High costs of the war resulted that in theneed to finance the expeditions, in addition to tax collection, funds from the loans were also needed. Mercenary soldiers were obtained mainly from German states and Hungary. Duringthe march, the army was divided into two groups in order to, among other things, reduce the problem of food. The main disadvantage of the route of the march was a thick forest, whichhas been deliberately planted on the orders of Ivan IV. Soldiers during all three campaigns were badly provisioned, which was particularly evident during the Pskov campaign.

PL

W artykule przedstawione zostało życie codzienne żołnierzy podczas toczącej się przez trzy lata wojny z Wielkim Księstwem Moskiewskim. Dla uregulowania spraw karnych i wojskowych podczas każdej kampanii wojennej wydawano akty prawne nazywane artykułami wojskowymi. Główne dowództwo wojskowe składało się z hetmanów koronnych i litewskich. W każdej wyprawie brała udział duża ilość wojska mieszcząca się w granicach 40–50 tysięcy żołnierzy, a ich wartość bojowa znajdowała się na zadowalającym poziomie. Morale armii zależały od wielu czynników, wśród których możemy wymienić: kwestie finansowe, stan pogody, jakość dróg, choroby czy też sprawy duchowe. Duże koszty wojenne powodowały, że dla sfinansowania wypraw oprócz poboru podatku potrzebne były również środki pochodzące z pożyczek. Żołnierzy zaciężnych pozyskiwano głównie z krajów niemieckich oraz Węgier. Wojsko podczas przemarszu dzielono na dwie grupy, starano się przez to zmniejszyć między innymi problem wyżywienia. Główną niedogodnością na trasie przemarszu był gęsty las, który został celowo zasadzony na rozkaz Iwana IV. Żołnierze podczas wszystkich trzech kampanii byli źle zaprowiantowani co szczególnie uwidoczniło się podczas kampanii Pskowskiej.