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Content available remote Reliability design of embedded systems
100%
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tom nr 2
4-7
EN
In the current era, the role of smart devices is expanding every day. These devices depend on both software and hardware functions to produce the desired results. The success of such devices depends on a new design paradigm that considers reliability in virtually every aspect of the devices' software and hardware content. Design of a hardware system involves selection from numerous discrete choices among available component types based on cost, reliability, performance, weight, etc. Design of software systems involves the selection of the best choice from a stack of available choices with variable reliabilities and costs. We try to design an embedded system which optimizes the reliability in the perspective of cost or vice versa. An Integer Programming approach for simplified assumptions and an Evolutionary approach for the non-simplified case is proposed.
EN
Evolutionary economic geography became popular in the late 1990s. The study has developed on the basis of evolutionary economics, which has achieved greater success in explaining phenomena in the microeconomic than in the macroeconomic sphere and it has had non-spatial character. Evolutionary economic geography is an alternative in economic geography and regional planning for static or pseudo-dynamic research. Supporters of evolutionary economic geography, by criticizing among others New Economic Geography by P. Krugman, conduct research with the use of generalized Darwinism, path dependence and complexity theory. In this paper the author discusses the basic approach and assumptions of evolutionary economic geography and its application in regional economy, especially as an answer to the search for ways out of the economic crisis of regions and cities.
EN
The paper focuses on the problem of the defi nition of regional and urban resilience, how to measure them, and how to evaluate the signifi cance of these categories in the regional studies. The analysis was carried out taking into account the structural and functional conditions of the regions and cities. In this article the author discusses the conditions and factors facilitating the strengthening of the adaptability of the regional economy and urban, with regard to the principles of evolutionary economic geography. The aim of the paper is to present the possibilities of application of the concept of regional and urban resilience to recent analyzes of regional development, with particular emphasis on evolutionary approach. The author applied the descriptive method and the comparative method. The analyzes are based on literature studies. Individualized study of social, economic and spatial structures of various spatial units, taking into account their resilience, can provide valuable information on the processes of adaptation of regions and cities and thus favorable conditions for their resistance, recovery, re-orientation and renewal.
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2016
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nr 4(66)
5-29
PL
Badania odporności gospodarczej stanowią relatywnie nowy przedmiot debaty w ramach studiów regionalnych. W części wstępnej artykułu zaprezentowano dwie główne koncepcje odporności, tj. podejście ewolucyjne oraz podejście instytucjonalno-funkcjonalne, zakładające kluczową rolę polityków szczebla regionalnego, instytucji gospodarczych, społecznych i przedsiębiorców. Na przykładzie ośmiu regionów europejskich przedstawiono podjęte działania zmierzające do złagodzenia negatywnych skutków kryzysu gospodarczego oraz strategie sprzyjające budowaniu odporności gospodarczej. W części końcowej wskazano na najważniejsze i skuteczne instrumenty zastosowane w większości badanych regionów.
EN
The concept of economic resilience is a relatively new subject of debate within the framework of regional studies. In the first part of the paper, the authors present two main concepts of resilience, i.e. an evolutionary approach and an agency perspective. On the example of Wight European regions, they describe the actions taken to mitigate the adverse effects of the economic crisis and the strategies that build economic resilience. The final section identifies the key effective tools used in most analyzed regions.
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