Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Procedury ocen oddziaływania na środowisko

100%

Barczak A.

Acta Iuris Stetinensis

|

2014

|

nr 5

PL

Procedury ocen oddziaływania na środowisko są jednym z ważniejszych instrumentów ochrony środowiska, których celem jest ekologizacja procesów gospodarczych i inwestycyjnych. Przeprowadzenie ocen na środowisko służy ocenie celowości wybranych kierunków rozwojowych, które w kontekście oceny właściwej jakości środowiska jak również zachowania ekologicznej różnorodności są oceniane. Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest klasyfikacja procedur ocen oddziaływania na środowisko, wykazanie ich cech charakterystycznych, jak również ich przebiegu.

EN

Procedures of environmental impact assessment are one most important instruments for environmental protection whose aim is greening of the ecomonic and investment processes. This paper shows classification of the procedures of environmental impact assessment, indicates their similarities and also their course.

2

Współpraca polskich i czeskich prawników

87%

Danecka D. , Radecki W.

|

nr 4 (212)

155-171

PL

History Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences has published in 2014 the monograph by Roman Baron, Roman Madecki and collective entitled “Czech Polish Studies: Tradition and Present (philology – history – politology – law)”. On the basis of this monograph the authors presented many years’ cooperation between Polish, Czech and Slovak scholars in domain of the environmental law.

3

Environmental law in ukraine: present and prospects

80%

YASHCHUK S.

Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka

|

2013

|

tom 4

|

nr 1

418-422

XX

The state policy in the field of ecology should be based on sustainable system of law, legal acts, norms, but this system, especially during the transition should be flexible, that is able to respond quickly on changes of surrounding components, to be able to adapt to changes of too complex environment. And this is very effective means for overcoming the environmental crisis and ensuring the environmental function of the state.

4

Pozwolenie zintegrowane a decyzja o środowiskowych uwarunkowaniach

80%

Górski M.

Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS

|

2023

|

nr 4(80)

9-24

EN

The subject of the analysis is an attempt to answer the question whether it is required to attach a decision on environmental conditions in order to successfully submit an application for a new integrated permit. The problem stems from the lack of precision of the regulation, non-uniformity of decisions of administrative courts in this respect and divergent practice of administrative bodies competent in these matters. According to the author, the conducted considerations lead to an unequivocal conclusion: the analysed provision cannot be interpreted as resulting in the inclusion of entities applying for such an integrated permit with the requirement to attach a decision on environmental conditions to the application, as well as with other provisions related to such a duty.

5

Recykling w świetle prawa polskiego i prawa Unii Europejskiej

80%

Zawadzka E. , Majewska A.

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

|

2003

|

tom R.8, NR 1-2

9--14

PL

Przedstawiono regulacje prawne dotyczące recyklingu obowiązujące w Polsce oraz w Unii Europejskiej.

EN

Polish and European Union legal regulations concerned with waste recycling have been presented. An attention has been also paid to legal works now in progress on the topic.

6

Analysis of Economic Tools of Environmental Law Which May Influence the Conservation of Insects

80%

Mrkývková N.

Financial Law Review

|

2022

|

tom 25

|

nr 1

17-32

EN

Environmental law offers many tools to take care of the surrounding landscape and life in it. These include economic tools, from which the paper selects those that can have a positive impact on mitigating the current decline of the insect kingdom. Specific attention is then paid to financial means of supporting beekeepers and thus the conservation of bees, given that they are considered to be the most significant among pollinators.

7

Problems of Environmental Law: Possibilities for Legislative Changes

80%

Buribayev Y. , Khamzina Z. , Zhumagulov B. , Zhangutin B. , Daubassov S.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

|

2021

|

tom Tom 23

224--242

EN

Kazakhstan is a country experiencing tangible environmental problems. Currently, it faces numerous environmental problems such as air pollution, water pollution, exploitation of natural resources, negative consequences of mining, etc. In order to cope with environmental problems, a number of legislative acts have been enacted: the Environmental Code, the Water Code, the Forestry Code, a number of laws and government decrees that provide a legal basis for sustainable development. But, unfortunately, these laws and policies were not properly implemented due to issues such as inconsistency, weak enforcement, the presence of internal contradictions, gaps, and discrepancies, etc. As a result, the current legislation in the field of environmental protection does not meet the development objectives of our country, its lack of transparency hinders the development of the economy, and indistinctness reduces the competitiveness of domestic producers in the world market and the volume of investments attracted to the economy. Many aspects of the state's environmental activities remain unregulated from a legal point of view, which, on the one hand, leads to a deterioration in the quality of the environment and the plunder of natural resources, and on the other hand, creates conditions for the development of corruption. This study proposes individual solutions to problems in the environmental sphere by creating new legal norms, as well as eliminating contradictions between existing regulatory legal acts, systematizing legislation and establishing a unified practice of applying norms. It is concluded that the implementation of environmental human rights depends on the quality of regulatory legal acts and their effective application.

8

REGULATIONS CONCERNING DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION ABOUT THE CONDITION AND PROTECTION OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE LIGHT OF LEGAL ACTS IN FORCE

80%

Zębek E. , Biedrzycki R.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

|

2017

|

nr 4

EN

The principles of availability of information about the state and environmental protection were regulated in the Convention in Aarhus and the Directive no. 2003/4/WE of the European Parliament and of the Council on public access to environmental information and repealing Council Directive 90/313/EEC and in the Polish legislation in the Law of 2008 on environmental information, public participation in environment protection and on environmental impact assessments. The authors of the paper showed the legal status in the range of the availability principles of information about the environmental state and protection aspect in related to the public participation in the protection of environment.

9

Spółka akcyjna jako forma prowadzenia gospodarki komunalnej w dziedzinie infrastruktury ochrony środowiska przez jednostki samorządu terytorialnego. Wybrane zagadnienia organizacji i funkcjonowania organów spółki akcyjnej

80%

Rudnicki M.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

|

2003

|

tom 1

|

nr 1

309-328

10

Lasy w kontekście prawnych unormowań ochrony klimatu

80%

Przybojewska I.

Prawne Problemy Górnictwa i Ochrony Środowiska

|

2023

|

nr 1

1-29

EN

Forests play vital roles in the environment and the economy. At the same time, they influence and are influenced by climate changes, in multidimensional manners. The present article constitutes an attempt to describe and assess the actual response of the international and the EU law to the question about the role of forests in the climate policy.

11

The role of ‘green’ courts in shaping environmental justice in India and New Zealand

70%

Kowalska S.

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

|

2023

|

tom 85

|

nr 3

13-26

EN

The depreciation of values, combined with the expansion of agriculture, industry and the economy, results in the erosion of existing protection mechanisms, as well as commodification and dominance of economic factors. The increasing degradation of the natural environment reveals an increasing number of areas requiring urgent and coordinated protection. The aim of the article is to present the innovative concept of green courts, which are creating a new architecture of modern environmental law. In the considerations, it is indicated that ‘green’ courts at a national level open the way to formulate new legal institutions, facilitate more effective the enforcement of environmental law, and solve legal disputes with alternative adjudicative processes. The article discusses environmental justice based on the example of India and New Zealand, which are among the first countries in the world to have developed an innovative judicial structure and environmental case law. The dogmatic method plays an essential role in the analysis of legal norms concerning the protection of environment, as well as in determining their content and scope. The source materials originate from various legal orders, and diverse cultural and geographical regions. Therefore, in order to discuss the indicated issues, it is necessary to use the comparative method, and thus complete the arguments of a dogmatic and legal nature. In order to present the origins and evolution of law in the scope concerning ‘green’ courts, the historical and legal method is used (temporal retrospection). The considerations emphasize the role of specialist ‘green’ courts in maintaining a balance between the economy, the development of society, and protecting the environmental wellbeing by shifting the focus of jurisprudence to the environmental domain. The article highlights the role of the application and interpretation of environmental norms from an ethical and intergenerational perspective.

12

Multilingual Legislation in the European Union. EU and National Legislative-Language Styles and Terminology

70%

Robertson C.

Research in Language

|

2011

|

tom 9

|

nr 1

51-67

EN

EU law is multilingual and multi-cultural. It is initially drafted in one language, now frequently English, often by non-native speakers and then translated into the other EU languages. Amendments may be proposed that are drafted in a different language. The result is a single multilingual text created in 23 language versions that are authentic within the context of the EU legal order. These circumstances have led EU legal language to develop its own terminology and legislative style as a separate genre. One question is to identify different national cultural drafting styles and traditions that lie behind the creation of EU legislative texts and terminology. The Member State traditions vary, yet they merge in the EU legislative texts. In order to assist in the understanding of EU legislative texts, it is useful to reflect on how they are constructed and the features and requirements lying behind their creation, interpretation and transposition. One approach is to consider a specific piece of EU text in a range of languages and consider how the text is reproduced in each language in terms of structure and terminology. Since the original draft is frequently made by non-native speakers and then translated into the other EU languages, which are bound by the structure of the base version, we obtain little information from it about divergent national linguistic and legislative methods. However, if the EU text is a directive which is transposed into national law, we should be able also to look at the national implementing legislation intended to implement the directive. The implementing texts are produced within the national legal context and, one assumes, aim at similar results, as laid down by the directive. Thus it could be expected that they should provide vehicles for study between the national systems and between each national system and the EU legal order. The paper explores these ideas to see where they lead.

13

Multilingual Legislation in the European Union. EU and National Legislative-Language Styles and Terminology

70%

Robertson C.

Research in Language

|

2011

|

tom 9

|

nr 1

51-67

EN

EU law is multilingual and multi-cultural. It is initially drafted in one language, now frequently English, often by non-native speakers and then translated into the other EU languages. Amendments may be proposed that are drafted in a different language. The result is a single multilingual text created in 23 language versions that are authentic within the context of the EU legal order. These circumstances have led EU legal language to develop its own terminology and legislative style as a separate genre.One question is to identify different national cultural drafting styles and traditions that lie behind the creation of EU legislative texts and terminology. The Member State traditions vary, yet they merge in the EU legislative texts. In order to assist in the understanding of EU legislative texts, it is useful to reflect on how they are constructed and the features and requirements lying behind their creation, interpretation and transposition.One approach is to consider a specific piece of EU text in a range of languages and consider how the text is reproduced in each language in terms of structure and terminology. Since the original draft is frequently made by non-native speakers and then translated into the other EU languages, which are bound by the structure of the base version, we obtain little information from it about divergent national linguistic and legislative methods. However, if the EU text is a directive which is transposed into national law, we should be able also to look at the national implementing legislation intended to implement the directive. The implementing texts are produced within the national legal context and, one assumes, aim at similar results, as laid down by the directive. Thus it could be expected that they should provide vehicles for study between the national systems and between each national system and the EU legal order. The paper explores these ideas to see where they lead.

14

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WIND POWER STATIONS IN THE REPORT OF THE POLISH SUPREME AUDIT OFFICE AND IN COMPARISON WITH GERMAN STANDARDS

70%

Iluk Ł.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

|

2016

|

nr 1

89-107

EN

This paper elaborates on the problems of operation of wind power stations in Poland, their environmental impact and the evaluation of current wind power stations legal status concerning protection against emissions. In the final section of the paper the author formulates conclusions regarding the need to adjust the existing Polish regulations.

15

Revision of the Functioning of the EU Emissions Trading System

70%

Sobieraj K.

Roczniki Nauk Prawnych

|

2017

|

tom 27

|

nr 1 English Online Version

93-108

EN

The passage of more than a decade since the system was introduced and 3 years since the beginning of the third trading period (Phase 3) has coincided with a period of aggravating crisis (referred to even as a breakdown) and recurring doubts as to whether the system is capable of achieving the desired goal or perhaps it should be replaced with another instrument. However, no concept of such an instrument has been proposed yet, which would enable harmful emissions to be reduced efficiently and cost-effectively instead of the current EU ETS. Ten years after the launch of the system and three years into Phase 3, intensive work started on a structural reform of the EU ETS. The aim of this article is to give account of the state of research in the reform, present the principal directions and objectives, and to provide an evaluation.

16

Land-Sea Interactions in Realisation of Ecosystem Approach in the Marine Spatial Planning in the Baltic Sea Region – Polish Perspective

70%

Bąkowski T. , Nyka M.

Review of European and Comparative Law

|

2022

|

tom 51

|

nr 4

209-236

EN

Maritime spatial planning has become on of the fundamental instruments of managing human activity at the sea. It is mostly due to the rising competition for marine space, which is a consequence of rising number and variety of uses of the sea. Among the principles of marine spatial planning ecosystem approach as well as the taking into account the interaction between land and sea seem to play the most important role. First one is more general and axiological in it’s nature, while the second functions more as technical guide for planners. Together they can be called guiding principles of marine spatial planning. Ecosystem approach is a concept closely related to ecosystem services. It’s main aim is to sustain the productivity of ecosystems in the field of ecosystem services, what is often connotated with the health of the marine ecosystem. Multiple correlations between land and sea can be easily seen in the managerial goals of the marine ecosystem. Trophic relations seems to be reflected in legal regulations, but the question remains if the marine spatial planning regime really reflects the interactions between land and the sea.

17

Administrative sanctions for environmental crime in selected EU areas

60%

Skoczko I. , Grabowski M.

Economics and Environment

|

2023

|

tom No. 2

90--109

EN

Each country in the European Union (EU) has its own legal system of environmental protection inc. rules of eco-crime fighting. The world copes environmental crime, developing better and better structures, laws and control systems. Establishing effective administrative sanction rules may help decrease environmental damage. The goal of the paper is the comparison of administrative sanctions for environmental crime in five different areas of the EU: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Poland. The mechanisms of sanctions, fines and penalties in studied areas are based on financial fines. Although the states do their best to develop the most effective tools possible to enforce environmental protection and control its quality, it is not always possible in reality. Understanding and weighing the value of environmental destruction is difficult. It takes into account the human, economic and ecological aspects (considering the quality of the environment closest to the natural state).

PL

Każdy kraj w Unii Europejskiej (UE) ma swój własny system prawa ochrony środowiska, w tym zasady walki z eco-przestępczością. Świat walczy z przestępczością środowiskową rozwijając coraz lepsze struktury, zasady i system kontroli. Ustanowienie odpowiednich norm sankcji może pomóc w zmniejszeniu przestępczości środowiskowej. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest porównanie systemów kar za szkody w środowisku we Francji, Niemczech, Włoszech, Polsce i Hiszpanii. Mechanizmy sankcji, kar i grzywien bazują na karze finansowej. Chociaż państwa starają się stworzyć możliwie najbardziej efektywne instrumenty egzekwowania zasad ochrony środowiska i kontroli jego jakości, nie zawsze jest to zakończone sukcesem. Zrozumienie i ocena wartości szkód wyrządzo-nych w środowisku jest trudna. Uwzględnia aspekt ludzki, ekonomiczny i ekologiczny (dążący do przywrócenia środowiska najbliżej stanu naturalnego).

18

Odpowiedzialność cywilna w ochronie środowiska

60%

Baran A.

Ekonomia i Środowisko

|

2006

|

tom nr 1

75--83

PL

Odpowiedzialność cywilna w ochronie środowiska ma mniejsze znaczenie niż odpowiedzialność administracyjna. Poddaje się w wątpliwość skuteczność cywilnoprawnych instrumentów w tym zakresie. Prawo cywilne daje głównie możliwość dochodzenia swoich roszczeń przez podmioty indywidualne, a biorąc pod uwagę znaczenie środowiska jako dobra ogólnoludzkiego te instrumenty mogą być niewystarczające, tym bardziej, że podmioty indywidualne z takimi roszczeniami mogą występować, ale nie muszą. W tej sytuacji zdecydowanie większą rolę odgrywa regulacja odpowiedzialności administracyjnej, zgodnie z którą można podjąć konkretne działania ochronne z urzędu. Istotne dla ochrony środowiska jest więc istnienie zarówno reżimu odpowiedzialności cywilnej i administracyjnej, jak i karnej.

EN

The issue of civil liability in law of environmental protection is problematic due to, among other reasons, the lack of adequate legal regulations. For years, the Euro-pean Commission has been working on standardization of the subject of civil liability for environmental damages. The most important role in environmental law is assigned to administrative liability. In this area we may already discuss the complex EU regulation because the Directive 2004/35/EU on liability for damages to the environment in regard to prevention and remedying of damages to the natural environment was passed in 2003. Of equal importance is the Penal Code or the Misdemeanor Code. Most beneficial is the harmonization of various legal regulations. Only then efficient protection of the natural environment will be achieved.

19

Propozycja systemu odzysku odpadów opakowaniowych w świetle nowego ustawodawstwa

60%

Fornalski Z. , Jagiełło A.

Przegląd Papierniczy

|

2001

|

tom R. 57, nr 8

467--472

20

Konwencja z Aarhus jako przedmiot i wzorzec hierarchicznej kontroli norm

60%

Łyszkowski M.

Prawne Problemy Górnictwa i Ochrony Środowiska

|

2024

|

nr 1

1-14

EN

The Aarhus Convention is an international agreement ratified by Poland, the essence of which is the obligation of the parties to introduce into the national legal order solutions guaranteeing access to information relating to the environment, public participation in decision-making processes affecting the state and level of the environmental protection and access to justice in these matters. The powers under the Aarhus Convention, despite its legal rank higher than that of a law, are not used in practice due to the lack of self-enforcement of the Convention. The author's intention is to indicate potential possibilities of taking its provisions into account in the process of law application by administrative courts and in the process of hierarchical control of norms by the Constitutional Court.