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Anthropogenic changes in topographic relief: applications in environmental impact assessment

100%

Savchik S.

tom Vol. 44, Nr 4

363-369

Indicators of topographic relief change are proposed for environmental monitoring, and environmental impact assessment (EIA). Changes in relief pattern reflect human impact on the land surface due to small- and large-scale development projects. Landform diversity, relief resilience and impact-response approaches allowing measurement of changes in relief pattern are described. These approaches are based on a number of integrated environmental indices that may be used together or separately to assess anthropogenic alteration of landscape elements. Several examples their practical use are given in the paper. Other possible applications of geoindicator measures for different EIA techniques are briefly described.

Wybrane czynniki robocze w pompach ciepła

86%

Gużda A.

tom z. 105

73-76

This paper decribed selected refrigerants used in heat pump. Presented the requirements, which are demand and define the environmental indicators selected liquids. The most commonly used refrigerant R 22 was characterized. Basic liquid replecments used today in heat pumps was described.

Geo-environmental indicators in strategic environmental assessment

86%

Kazak J. , Swiader M. , Szewranski S. , Zmuda R.

nr 2

Energy and environmental indicators of municipal solid waste incineration: toward selection of an optimal waste management system

72%

Rimaityte I. , Denafas G. , Martuzevicius D. , Kavaliauskas A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

2010

tom 19

nr 5

This work evaluates municipal solid waste (MSW) management options with respect to energy and environmental indicators. Two alternative scenarios have been analyzed: incineration of waste after mechanical biological treatment (MBT) and mass burning. The city of Kaunas, Lithuania, served as an object of the research. The calculations revealed that in the case of incineration of MBT-processed waste, only 2.4-2.8% of municipal heat energy requirements may be satisfied, while mass burning may provide up to 20% of integrated municipal heat energy requirements. The incineration of MBT-processed waste would result in 36% higher exhaust gas volume, 39% higher HCl emissions and 57% higher SO2 emissions per ton of waste, compared to mass-burned waste. The presented approach may be applied to countries experiencing transitions of MSW management systems.