Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Zastosowanie wskaźników zdrowia środowiskowego do oceny jakości wody i systemów sanitarnych w województwie śląskim

100%

Zaciera M. , Mniszek W. , Kurek J.

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2004

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tom Vol. 30, no. 1

91--100

PL

Zdrowie ludzi jest uzależnione od stanu środowiska, w którym żyjemy. Brak jest jednolitych metod służących ocenie wpływu środowiska na zdrowie oraz ryzyka zdrowotnego wynikającego z tego narażenia. Brak jest równocześnie parametrów opisujących stan środowiska w powiązaniu z czynnikami powodującymi określone skutki zdrowotne. W artykule omówiono (opracowane przez ekspertów WHO) wskaźniki zdrowia środowiskowego, które informują o wpływie środowiska na zdrowie ludzi, a więc wykazują i interpretują związek pomiędzy zdrowiem, a środowiskiem. Przedstawiono praktyczne zastosowanie wskaźników zdrowia środowiskowego do oceny jakości wody i systemów sanitarnych w województwie śląskim. Podano zasadę obliczania wskaźników i interpretowania uzyskanych wyników. Dostosowano wskaźniki, procedury zbierania danych i obliczania wskaźników do systemu i procedur zbierania danych dotyczących parametrów środowiskowych i zdrowotnych obowiązujących w Polsce.

EN

The human health depends on environmental conditions in which we live. There arc no uniform methods which can estimate the influence of the environment on the human health and the health hazard resulting from this exposure. There arc no parameters, which can describe condition of environment in relation to health effects cither. The paper discusses the Environmental Health Indicators (elaborated by WHO experts) which arc indicative of influence of the environment on the human health, so they point to and describe the relationship between health and environment. There have been shown practical use of Environmental Health Indicators to estimate water and sanitation quality in the Silesia region. There have been presented methods of results calculating and interpreting. Indicators were adapted to methods and procedures of data collection used in Poland.

2

The association between air pollutions and emergency hospitalizations due to COPD and asthma across 16 Polish cities: population-based study

86%

Ścibor M. , Leoszkiewicz K. , Micek A. , Chomoncik K. , Dubas-Jakóbczyk K. , Kocot E. , Bąk A. , Kucińska J. , Dziurda D. , Topór-Mądry R.

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nr 1

110-127

EN

Objectives In recent years numerous initiatives aimed at reducing air pollution have been undertaken in Poland. The general objective was to examine the correlation between air pollution measured by the level of particulate matter ≤10 μm in diameter (PM₁₀) and emergency hospitalizations due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma in 16 Polish cities (capitals of the regions). Material and Methods The authors aimed to diagnose the situation across 16 cities over a 5‑year period (2014–2019). Data on the number of hospitalizations was retrieved from the national public insurance system, the National Health Fund. A total number of 22 600 emergency hospitalizations was analyzed (12 000 and 10 600 in 2014 and 2019, respectively). The data on air pollution was accessed via the public register of the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection air quality database. The authors of this article have used the data on PM₁₀ daily exposure in each of the 16 cities in 2014 and 2019. Statistical methods included: non-parametric tests, a 2-stage modelling approach for time-series data, and multivariate meta-analysis of the results. Results The results indicated that there was a statistically significant decrease in PM₁₀ concentration in 2019 in comparison to 2014 in all cities, mainly in the autumn and winter season. However, the correlation between the improvement in the air quality and a decrease in emergency hospitalizations due to asthma and COPD turned out to not be as strong as expected. The authors observed a strong correlation between PM₁₀ concentrations and hospitalizations due to asthma and COPD, but only when air quality norms were significantly above acceptable levels. Conclusions Air pollution measured by PM₁₀ concentration might be used as one of the predictors of the asthma and COPD emergency hospitalization risk, yet other factors like respiratory tract infection, health care organizational aspect, patient self-control, compliance and comorbidities should also be taken into consideration.

3

Scientific publications in public, environmental and occupational health journals by authors from China, Japan and Korea in East Asia: A 10-year literature survey from 2003 to 2012

86%

Li M. , Liu X. , Zhang L.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2015

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tom 28

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nr 4

663-673

EN

Objectives To compare the number and quality of public, environmental and occupational health articles published in international journals from the 3 major non-English speaking countries of East Asia: China, Japan and Korea. Material and Methods Public, environmental and occupational health articles from China, Japan and Korea that were published in 161 journals from 2003 to 2012 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) database. We recorded the numbers of total articles, impact factors (IF), citations, number of articles in top 10 journals, references as well as the article distribution from various regions in China. Results From 2003 to 2012, China, Japan and Korea published 5713, 3802 and 1967 papers respectively, with accumulated impact factor of 14 934.55, 8758.36 and 6189.25, the average impact factor of 2.61, 2.30 and 3.15 and the average citation numbers per document of 5.08, 6.49 and 5.25. In the top 10 high-impact public, environmental and occupational health journals, China, Japan and Korea accounted for 50.19%, 20.34% and 29.47% of all the papers published in those journals, respectively. Total impact factors of the most popular 10 papers for China, Japan and Korea were: 26.23, 27.08 and 26.91. Distribution of scientific papers among regions was unbalanced in China, for Hong Kong and Taiwan it accounted for 47.31% of the papers from China. Conclusions From 2003 to 2012, both the quality and number of papers from China published in public, environmental and occupational health journals have greatly improved. China exceeded Japan and Korea in the number, accumulated impact factor, total citation times and the average number of references, while Korea had the highest average impact factor. Japan had the highest journal impact factor among the most popular journals, and the highest average citation number per document.

4

Chemical incidents resulted in hazardous substances releases in the context of human health hazards

86%

Pałaszewska-Tkacz A. , Czerczak S. , Konieczko K.

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tom 30

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nr 1

95-110

EN

Objectives The research purpose was to analyze data concerning chemical incidents in Poland collected in 1999–2009 in terms of health hazards. Material and Methods The data was obtained, using multimodal information technology (IT) system, from chemical incidents reports prepared by rescuers at the scene. The final analysis covered sudden events associated with uncontrolled release of hazardous chemical substances or mixtures, which may potentially lead to human exposure. Releases of unidentified substances where emergency services took action to protect human health or environment were also included. Results The number of analyzed chemical incidents in 1999–2009 was 2930 with more than 200 different substances released. The substances were classified into 13 groups of substances and mixtures posing analogous risks. Most common releases were connected with non-flammable corrosive liquids, including: hydrochloric acid (199 cases), sulfuric(VI) acid (131 cases), sodium and potassium hydroxides (69 cases), ammonia solution (52 cases) and butyric acid (32 cases). The next group were gases hazardous only due to physico-chemical properties, including: extremely flammable propane-butane (249 cases) and methane (79 cases). There was no statistically significant trend associated with the total number of incidents. Only with the number of incidents with flammable corrosive, toxic and/or harmful liquids, the regression analysis revealed a statistically significant downward trend. The number of victims reported was 1997, including 1092 children and 18 fatalities. Conclusions The number of people injured, number of incidents and the high 9th place of Poland in terms of the number of Seveso establishments, and 4 times higher number of hazardous industrial establishments not covered by the Seveso Directive justify the need for systematic analysis of hazards and their proper identification. It is advisable enhance health risk assessment, both qualitative and quantitative, by slight modification of the data collection system so as to enable the determination of released chemical concentration and exposed populations. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(1):95–110

5

The association of exposure to $PM_10$ with the quality of life in adult asthma patients

86%

Ścibor M. , Malinowska-Cieślik M.

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nr 3

311-324

EN

ObjectivesAir pollution has become a critical environmental issue, which severely threatens the well-being of asthma patients. The quality of life of these patients, when exposed to air pollutants such as particulate matter 10 (PM10), has been poorly studied. The current research examined the association between the concentration of PM10 in the air and the quality of life of patients with asthma.Material and MethodsThe study group consisted of 300 adult asthma patients treated in 2 allergy outpatient clinics in Kraków, who declared they would not leave the city in the 14-day study period. Daily concentrations of PM10 from air monitoring stations were recorded over a period of 2 weeks, following which the patients filled out the standardized Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) regarding the monitored period to assess the total quality of life and its 4 domains (symptoms, limitation of activity, emotional functioning and environmental stimuli).ResultsThe average PM10 exposure was 65.2 μg/m3 and only 30% of the patients were exposed to values of ≤50 μg/m3, i.e., the highest 24-h threshold value considered acceptable by the World Health Organization. The observed effect of an increased level of exposure to airborne PM10 was associated with reduced scores in AQLQ from 0.40 at the medium level to 0.46 at the high level, in comparison to the low level. The total score of the asthma-related quality of life and its domains showed poorer outcomes as the concentration of PM10 was increasing (every 0.08 pt per a 10 μg/m3 increase).ConclusionsThe increase in the concentration of PM10 in the air impacts on the overall quality of life and its particular domains in people with exceptional predispositions, such as patients with bronchial asthma. Physicians taking care of asthma patients should pay special attention to the quality of patient’s life in response to the course and control of that illness, in relation to air pollution.

6

Letter to the Editor (July 28, 2017) concerning the paper “Mortality for chronic-degenerative diseases in Tuscany: Ecological study comparing neighboring areas with substantial difference in environmental pollution”

86%

Chellini E. , Martini A. , Giovannetti L. , Barchielli A.

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nr 4

543-546

7

Climate challenges for health and the environment – on the need for changes to Polish spa law

72%

Bojar-Fijałkowski T.

GIS Odyssey Journal

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2023

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tom Vol. 3, no. 1

19--29

EN

The text present environmental and health challenges of climate changes. It refers to Polish medical spas and law regulating them. It begins with environmental aspects of climate changes and is followed with its health aspects. The scale of health problems caused by the quality of the environmental elements is increasing. This condition has not been improved by the covid-19 pandemic or the ageing population. All this poses challenges for the health system. The next part of the text places medical spa treatments and characterizes Polish spa law. The last part presents areas of spa law which seek for urgent change. The whole is finished with conclusions and list of resources.

8

Zieleń na osiedlach deweloperskich

72%

Osiak A. , Kasińska-Andruszkiewicz A.

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2023

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tom Z. 15

261--280

PL

Występująca tendencja do zagęszczonej zabudowy na terenach miejskich, zwiększająca się liczba mieszkańców miasta, jak również wzrastająca świadomość mieszkańców o konieczności ochrony zdrowia środowiskowego wskazują na potrzebę poszukiwania rozwiązań alternatywnych i innowacyjnych dotyczących zieleni miejskiej. Inwestycje zaliczane do tej grupy to zielone dachy, zielone ściany, parki kieszonkowe, parklety, których realizacja pozwoli na zwiększenie biologicznie czynnej powierzchni w mieście i może stanowić niezbędny element infrastruktury miejskiej przyczyniający się do podniesienia komfortu życia społeczności zamieszkujących miasto. W pracy omówione zostaną: zagadnienie zieleni miejskiej w przestrzeni publicznej na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych na istniejących osiedlach deweloperskich oraz jej wpływ, na jakość życia w mieście. Tereny zielone w przestrzeni miejskiej pełnią istotną funkcję, gdyż poprawiają standard życia mieszkańców miasta, przy stałym rozwoju aglomeracji miejskiej. Powstają ogrody dachowe, elewacje zielone, skwery, bulwary, pareczki, zieleńce przy budynkach mieszkalnych, jak również w okolicach obiektów o innych funkcjach. Tereny zieleni miejskiej w przestrzeni publicznej są obecnie istotnym składnikiem jej struktury. Tworzą szczególną przestrzeń społeczną, o funkcji rekreacyjnej, wypoczynkowej. Poprawiają komfort klimatyczny, przeciwdziałając miejskiej wyspie ciepła, stają się schronieniem dla owadów, ptaków i innych zwierząt.

EN

Increased development in urban areas and the increasing number of city residents, as well as the growing awareness of residents about the need to protect environmental health, indicate the need to look for alternative and innovative solutions regarding urban greenery. The implementation of green roofs and green walls will allow to increase the biologically active area in the city. It can be an essential element of urban infrastructure contributing to the improvement of the living comfort of communities living in the city. In the article, I will discuss urban greenery in public space on the basis of existing development estates, and their impact on the quality of urban life. Green areas in the urban space play an important role, as they improve the standard of living of the city's inhabitants, with the continuous growth of the urban agglomeration. Roof gardens, green elevations, squares, boulevards, small parks, green areas next to residential buildings, as well as in the vicinity of other facilities, improve the quality of human life. Urban green areas in public space are now an important component of its structure and create a special social space.

9

Dr Alexandr Alexandrovich Kuchuk [1952-2002]

72%

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nr 2

10

Measuring of Environmental Performance Index in Europe

58%

Bucher S.

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tom Tom 18, cz. 1

46--64

EN

Sustainable development of agriculture differs according to space, time, values and available resources. The development process of the rural communities from the sustainability perspective first implies the awareness of the development planning need, of the correct assessment of strengths and weaknesses of the rural communities, of existing or potential opportunities and risks, which will determine the priority actions on short and long term. In this paper authors singled out area in northeastern Montenegro on the basis of benefits of natural conditions for sustainable agricultural development. As well as so many times before in history, and in these times, studied the space is looking for a new paradigm of economic development, and should not be forgotten, nor marginalize agriculture. Agricultural Development Strategy points to possibility of increasing production and expanding markets since this part of northeastern Montenegro have significant agricultural resources, which are now used in unacceptable the low extent.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono jak indeksy wskaźnika efektywności środowiskowej (EPI) są skonstruowane, poprzez zebranie i obliczenie w dziewięciu kategoriach odzwierciedlających dane środowiskowe na poziomie krajów. W badaniu tym wykorzystano najnowsze trendy i działania w celu rozważenia oceny wpływu wskaźników na konkurencyjność efektywności środowiskowej w Europie. W badaniach wykorzystano wybrane metody wieloczynnikowej hierarchii obiektów i klasyfikacji. Przedstawiono również szeroki zakres najważniejszych i najczęściej używanych wskaźników oceny efektywności środowiskowej w oparciu o podstawową klasyfikację systemową potencjału środowiska. Wysoka korelacja pomiędzy wskaźnikiem efektywności środowiskowej i wskaźnikiem rozwoju społecznego sugeruje, że analizowane kraje powinny poprawić stan zdrowia środowiskowego i witalności ekosystemów w celu poprawy długoterminowego zrównoważonego rozwoju. Innymi słowy, poprawa w części konkurencyjności danego kraju daje wzrost jego długoterminowej konkurencyjności środowiska. Niniejszy artykuł to próba uszczegółowienia metodologii konstruowania EPI (wskaźnika efektywnoiści środowiskowej) dla danego kraju oraz, w oparciu o wyniki EPI, oceny krajów i pokazania osiągnięć dotyczących najważniejszych wskaźników zrównoważonego środowiska i rozwoju.

11

Incrase reproductive health risks after Chernobyl across Europe

44%

Scherb H. , Voigt K.

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tom Vol. 4, No. 1

9--14

EN

To investigate possible reproductive health risks after Chernobyl in Europe, we carried out time trend analyses and spatial-temporal analyses of pertinent reproductive health indicators based on logistic regression. Long-term dose dependent impacts of radioactive fallout after Chernobyl on stillbirths, birth defects, and the human sex odds at birth have been found. For example, from nearly all published data concerning Down’s syndrome, long term increases after Chernobyl may be seen. Significant ecological relative risks for stillbirths and birth defects are in the range of 1.005 to 1.020 per kBq/m2 137Cs. A relative risk coefficient of 1.010 per kBq/m2 137Cs translates to a preliminary relative risk coefficient of 1.60 per mSv/a. Furthermore, there are striking jumps or broken sticks in the secular human birth sex odds trends in 1987 in practically all central and eastern European countries. No jumps or less pronounced jumps in the sex odds trends are visible in less exposed western European countries and in the USA. German district by district data imply a sex odds ratio of 1.015 per mSv/a.

PL

W celu zbadania wpływu katastrofy w Czarnobylu na zdrowie noworodków w Europie przeprowadzono analizę trendów w czasie i analizę przestrzenno-czasową podstawowych wskaźników zdrowia nowonarodzonych dzieci, wykorzystując regresję logistyczną. Stwierdzono, że długoterminowe działanie dawki radioaktywnego opadu po katastrofie w Czarnobylu ma wpływ na zwiększoną liczbę martwych urodzeń, wady wrodzone i płeć człowieka. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury dotyczącego zespołu Downa, można wnioskować, że po katastrofie w Czarnobylu nastąpi wzrost liczy osób z tym zespołem. Znaczne ekologiczne względne ryzyko wystąpienia martwych porodów i wad wrodzonych jest w zakresie od 1,005 do 1,020 kBq/m2 137Cs. Względny współczynnik ryzyka 1,010 kBq/m2 dla 137Cs odpowiada przybliżonemu względnemu współczynnikowi ryzyka równemu 1,60 mSv/a. Ponadto stwierdzono dysproporcje w płci u dzieci urodzonych w 1987 roku w niemal wszystkich krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Nie zaobserwowano takich tendencji w krajach Europy Zachodniej oraz w USA. Na podstawie danych z Niemiec podano, że współczynnik nierówności płci wynosi 1,015 na 1 mSv/a.