The author analyses several selected speeches of Italian politicians: the founder of the Forza Italia party, Silvio Berlusconi; the founder and leader of the Five Stars Movement, Beppe Grillo; and the current Prime Minister of Italy, Matteo Renzi. The study makes it possible to evaluate whether the conditions for the ideale Sprechsituation (the ideal speech situation) of Jürgen Habermas are fulfilled in analysing the public discourse. Particular attention will be given to the relationship between the persuasiveness of the communication and the problem of legitimacy.
This article draws attention to the ailment known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder (BIID). People affected by it are convinced that a particular limb does not correspond to their subjective body image. This discrepancy causing large discomfort is often eliminated through amputations. After selecting predominantly exchanged reasons for amputation of healthy limbs “on demand”, the specificity of the BIID is presented with particular emphasis on current research in broadly understood neuroscience. Research suggests congenital dysfunction of the right superior parietal lobule. The last part of the article lists the examples of the legal, ethical and social problems that may be associated with BIID, while stressing the role of neuroscience in attempts to solve these dilemmas.
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Nowadays, compulsion is a very well-known, common and often used concept. Sometimes, this means that “compulsion” is such a typical and common word that we do not need to make any deep reflection to think and talk about it. But to know the real meaning of this concept we need to look for sources or consequences, so as to see that this is a very complicated concept. Analysis of this word as regards interdisciplinarity consists in checking the meaning of this word in many disciplines. It is useful to see all of the aspects of the concept for better understanding and better interpreting. And compulsion is, certainly, a part of everyone’s life.
PL
Przymus jest współcześnie pojęciem znanym, powszechnym i często wykorzystywanym w odniesieniu do wielu kategorii życiowych. Ta pozorna prostota definicji jest złudna, bowiem jest to zjawisko złożone, które możemy odnieść do szerokiej sfery społeczno-polityczno-ekonomicznej. Wiele czynników ma wpływ na odbiór zjawiska przymusu, wiele też zależy od danego punktu widzenia. Niewątpliwie ujęcie interdyscyplinarne pozwala w odniesieniu do różnych dziedzin nauki wypracować odmienne podejście od reprezentowanych przez dziedziny, na których się opiera. Przymus jest zjawiskiem, z którym niemal każdy musiał się spotkać, stąd dążenie autorki do pogłębienia refleksji o tym zjawisku, jak i próba usystematyzowania pewnych kategorii związanych z tym pojęciem.
The article discusses Biblical Hebrew realizations of classical quantifiers, general and existential ones, both in assertive sentences and in combination with negation. Particular attention is paid to various quantifying expressions concerning the man and time, whose interpretation depends on a given field of interpretation. The problem of formula emphasizing and category illogicality of the expression ‘everything apart from’ has been highlighted and the major differences between the realizations of quantifier formulas in classical Hebrew and contemporary Polish have been outlined.
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