Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Emissions of Air Pollution in Industrial and Rural Region in Poland and Health Impacts

100%

Połednik B.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 9

250--258

EN

Air pollution is a global problem. In Europe, ambient air quality remains poor in many areas, particularly in urban ones. Air pollutants have a significantly adverse effect on human health and ecosystems. They are the main cause of many serious illnesses and thus contribute to increased mortality. This paper analyzes the air pollutant emissions in the last four years (2018–2021) in the Upper Silesian Region, which has one of the worst air qualities in Poland and in Europe in general, and the emissions in the Lublin Region in eastern Poland, which is considered as a clean region. In each of the above-mentioned regions, the areas with the highest air pollutant emissions were specified i.e. the Upper Silesian Agglomeration and the Lublin Agglomeration. The emission data for the following pollutants: particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been compared. The obtained results were also compared with the estimated average emissions in Poland. It was indicated that in both agglomerations the exposure to air pollutants was on similar levels, which were several times higher than in the remaining parts of the considered regions and the average values for Poland in general. In the Silesian Agglomeration, the exposure to PM10 was over 5 times higher than the average national exposure. The exposure to PM2.5 was almost 6 times higher, the exposure to BaP was about 5 times higher, while the exposure to SOx and NOx was 16 and 10 times higher than the national average, respectively. This is reflected in the increased number of premature deaths and the number of years of life lost due to the exposure to air pollution. Therefore, the actions aimed at limiting air pollutant emissions are urgent in the above-indicated areas.

2

Some Issues Quantifying Low-carbon of an Achievement Energy and Industry

86%

Ziganshin M. G.

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

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2021

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tom Tom 23

446--457

EN

In this work, for use as a unified tool within the framework of ISO 50001, a methodology for rating assessment of the processing of emissions with global pollutants is proposed, which was developed by the authors and recommended for use by state documents of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. It is distinguished by the absence of not transparences elements. As the initial data, the actual background concentrations (according to WMO data), the annual ceiling of greenhouse gas emissions and the maximum permissible emissions of toxic compounds, information on the characteristics of emission sources are taken for the enterprise, and as operational constants, the global warming potentials of greenhouse gases (GWP100) and officially approved values of maximum permissible concentrations of toxic compounds (MPC). The method is based on the equation (presented here at annotation in a simplified form), which gives a numerical indicator (rating) R of the efficiency of a production facility in terms of hazardous emissions into the atmosphere, taking into account greenhouse gases and energy costs arising from their removal. Currently, the technique is adapted to the energy sector; for wider adaptation to various industries, a low-carbon rating program has been drawn up for boiler houses, thermal power plants and industrial enterprises. It also meets the needs of understanding and predicting possible deviations of emission parameters from the standardized indicators. Therefore, it can serve as a tool within the framework of ISO 50001, providing objective control over the choice of means to ensure compliance with the requirements for harmful components emissions including greenhouse gases in the design and modernization of production facilities. The developed program is embedded for Russian enterprises in the shell of the ‘1C: Enterprise’ platform – a software product for automating accounting and management at enterprises. The program can also be used in the software shell of the automated accounting of the activities of a particular organization in a one or the other country.

3

Environmental assessment of the use of emulsion explosives in underground iron ore mining

86%

Khomenko O. , Kononenko M. , Myronova I. , Kosonenko A. , Cabana E. C.

Mining Machines

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2024

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tom vol. 42, iss. 1

49--58

EN

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of usingTNT-free explosives (E) in the iron ore mining sector in Ukraine. It delves into thedevelopment and application of a specific type of emulsion explosive known as "Ukrainit," which is free from TNT, with the objective of its adoption in underground iron ore mining operations. Pilot blasting activities were carried out at PJSC "ZaporizhzhiaIron Ore Plant" (PJSC "ZIOP"), selected for its state-of-the-art equipment and advanced ore extraction technology.Through examination of ground-level concentrations of environmentally hazardous substances, the study revealed that the highest levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and dioxide were observed in 2008 when underground mining operations exclusively used100% TNT-containing E. However, by the year 2020, a situation changedwith implementation of a blend comprising 78% "Ukrainit" type EE and 22% TNT-containing explosives, resulting in anotable decrease in the maximum concentrations of environmentally hazardous substances compared to 2008. Specifically, carbon monoxide leveldecreased by 5.0–5.5 times, while nitrogen oxide and dioxide levels decreased by 1.2–1.3 times.Furthermore, useof "Ukrainit" type EE at PJSC "ZIOP" led to a 1.5 times decrease in the environmental hazard index on average (reduced to 36%) compared to the usage of TNT-containing E. These findings underscore the significant environmental benefits associated with the adoption of TNT-free explosives in iron ore mining operations, particularly in mitigating the release of harmful substances and reducing environmental risks.

4

Modelowanie emisji biogazu ze składowisk odpadów komunalnych. Część 3. Weryfikacja modelu na podstawie badań polowych i jej ocena statystyczna

86%

Gaj K. , Cybulska H.

Chemia i Inżynieria Ekologiczna

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2002

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tom Vol. 9, nr 7

741-750

PL

Korzystając z wyników pomiarów imisji metanu wokół składowiska odpadów komunalnych i pomiarów składu biogazu określono współczynnik korekcyjny do opracowanego uprzednio modelu emisji biogazu, korzystając z gaussowskiego modelu rozprzestrzeniania się zanieczyszczeń. Uzyskano współczynnik zgodności wyników obliczeń modelowych z wynikami pomiarów w zakresie 0,8-1,4.

EN

The model oC biogas productivity worked out earlier have been verified on the base of methane concentration measurements in the biogas emitted and in the air around selected landfill; using of the Gaussian Dispersion Model. Consistency between the model and the results of measurements was in the range of 0.8-1.4.

5

Sources of Emissions in Refinery – Legal Regulations and Costs

86%

Kamiński A. , Jakóbiec J. , Pusz A.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 11

53--61

EN

Crude oil processing associated with the impact on the environment. Refinery production processes are a source of emissions in virtually all environmental components. The article characterizes the sources of emissions by dividing them taking into account various criteria and escribes the regulatory and legal environment, addressing the problems of industrial emissions, taking into account current and forecast guidance at European and national level. Highlighted the various aspects related to the effects of legislation and its implementation, among which, indicated as the most important implementation costs in relation to the underlying operating costs.

6

Determination of PCBs in selected components of a food chain by means of SPE and GC-MS

72%

Ligor T. , Zebrowski W. , Buszewski B.

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nr 4

571-578

EN

The goal of this work was the isolation of PCBs from different environmental matrices by means of solid-phase (SPE) extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The analyses include the determination of PCBs in fourteen samples of transformer oils and different kinds of fodders (for poultry, pigs, and cattle). The recovery rates for different congeners were on the level of 75-85%. The detection limits of five congeners of PCBs were in the range 85 to 130 ug/kg. The RSD was on the level of 2.7 - 4.4%. The Ishikawa diagram was used for evaluation of uncertainty.

7

Zastosowanie technologii SDF do lokalizowania źródeł emisji BPSK i QPSK

72%

Kelner J. M. , Ziółkowski C.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2015

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tom R. 91, nr 3

61-65

PL

Metoda SDF, zwana także dopplerowską metodą lokalizacji, służy do estymacji współrzędnych położenia źródeł emisji przez ruchomy odbiornik pomiarowy. Niniejszy artykuł został poświęcony zastosowaniu technologii SDF w odniesieniu do źródeł emitujących sygnały z kluczowaniem fazy. W artykule przedstawiono m.in. sposób wyznaczania częstotliwości Dopplera na podstawie analizy widmowej odbieranego sygnału, opis przeprowadzonych badań empirycznych oraz uzyskane wyniki.

EN

SDF method, also known as the Doppler location method, is used to estimate the position coordinates of the emission sources by the mobile measuring receiver. In this paper is presented how to use SDF technology to locate sources that emit the phase shift keying signals. In the paper are presented i.a.: a methodology for determining of the Doppler frequency based on the spectral analysis of the received signal, a description of the empirical studies and the obtained results.

8

Particulate matter in indoor spaces: known facts and the knowledge gaps

72%

Rogula-Kopiec P. , Pastuszka J. S. , Rogula-Kozlowska W. , Majewski G.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

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2015

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tom 47

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nr 1

EN

As people spend most of the time in closed spaces (flats, workplaces, schools etc.), the indoor air has been researched for many years all over the world. Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most often examined pollutants in the indoor and outdoor air. The following study presents the facts about PM in closed spaces and the most often taken actions. The least known aspects related to the indoor air pollution with PM are demonstrated. The indoor space of various service and office buildings/facilities (not related to production, i.e. offices, shops, beauty parlours, restaurant kitchens, restaurants, pubs etc.) seem to be an unrecognized area in the air pollution studies. Importantly, a great number of people work in such spaces all over the world and thus spend there a large part of their lives.

PL

Ponieważ większość życia ludzie spędzają w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych (mieszkania, miejsca pracy, szkoły, itp.), powietrze wewnętrzne jest od wielu lat przedmiotem zainteresowania grup badaczy na całym świecie. Jednym z najczęściej badanych zanieczyszczeń w powietrzu wewnętrznym jest, podobnie jak w powietrzu zewnętrznym, pył zawieszony, PM. W pracy przedstawiono udokumentowane fakty dotyczące PM w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych i najczęściej podejmowane kierunki działań w tym zakresie. Wskazano również obszar najsłabiej rozpoznany pod względem zanieczyszczenia powietrza pyłem zawieszonym. Przestrzeń wewnętrzna różnego rodzaju obiektów usługowo - biurowych (nieprodukcyjnych, tj. biura, sklepy, salony urody, kuchnie restauracyjne, restauracje, puby itp.) wydaje się być zupełnie nierozpoznanym obszarem jeżeli chodzi o zanieczyszczenie powietrza. Tymczasem, właśnie w takich obiektach pracuje i tym samym spędza dużą część swojego życia mnóstwo osób na całym świecie.

9

Assessment of unit and complex effect of the distance from emission sources and the size of deposit of selected contaminations on the crown defoliation of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] in the Zielonka Primeval Forest

72%

Jaszczak R.

Forestry

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2000

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tom 03

10

The use of wetlands for the monitoring of non-point source air pollution

58%

Malawska M. , Ekonomiuk A.

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nr 1

57-70

EN

The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in plant and organic soil from 14 peatland sites in NE Poland and 7 peatland sites in SE Poland have been investigated. The total PAH concentration in the leaves of Ledum palustre collected from peatlands in NE Poland ranged from 232 ng/g to 1523 ng/g and was higher than the total PAH concentration in pine needles (Pinus sylvestris) taken from those same peatlands (the values ranged from 181 to307 ng/g). A similar trend was observed in the case of plants from the peatlands in SE Poland, except that the overall PAH concentration in the majority of the plant samples was found to be higher than those found in NE Poland. Phenanthrene and fluoranthene had the biggest share in the overall PAH concentration in all the peat and plant samples. The lack of 5- and 6-ringed PAHs in the plant and soil material indicates the lack of any direct emission sources of these compounds in regions adjacent to those examined in the study. Total sum of PAH pollution levels in peats and plants as well as vertical distribution of the concentrations in the soil profile of particular study sites integrates long-range pollution sources. To compare natural and antropogenic PAH input in the pealtlands, we have used parent PAH ratios: ANT/(ANT&PHE); FLT/(FLT&PYR). Our data suggest that PAHs with four and more rings do not allow a simple segregation into combustion or petroleum sources.

11

Wpływ temperatury na emisję lotnych związków organicznych z wyrobów budowlanych w pomieszczeniach ogrzewanych

51%

Goljan A. , Kostyrko K. , Piasecki M.

Przegląd Budowlany

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2019

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tom R. 90, nr 10

135--138

PL

Temperatura jest jednym z bardziej znaczących parametrów mających wpływ na emisję lotnych związków organicznych (LZO). Europejska horyzontalna metoda badania emisji lotnych związków organicznych PN-EN 16516:2017 Wyroby budowlane – Ocena uwalniania substancji niebezpiecznych – Oznaczenie emisji do powietrza wnętrz zakłada standardowe warunki badania w temperaturze 23°C (+/- 1°C). Opisano w niej metody badania emisji LZO oparte na europejskim pokoju modelowym w znormalizowanych warunkach środowiskowych. Norma nie przewiduje kontroli wyrobów budowlanych mających kontakt z działaniem podwyższonej temperatury, np. stosowanych do konserwacji grzejników. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono grupy wyrobów budowlanych, które są narażone na wpływ podwyższonej temperatury z grzejników konwekcyjnych i promieniujących, europejskie metody badania emisji LZO oraz modele predykcji emisji lotnych związków organicznych.

12

Właściwości fizykochemiczne i chemiczne gleb

51%

Domzal H. , Bielinska E. J.

Acta Agrophysica. Rozprawy i Monografie

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2007

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nr 2[145]

13

Aktywność enzymatyczna gleb

44%

Bielinska E. J.

Acta Agrophysica. Rozprawy i Monografie

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2007

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nr 2[145]