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A case of a bilateral accessory digastric muscle

100%

Loukas M. , Louis R. G. , Kapos T. , Kwiatkowska M.

Folia Morphologica

2005

tom 64

nr 3

Abnormalities of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle are rare but have received increased attention by radiologists in recent years in an attempt to avoid confusion with submental cysts or enlarged submental lymph nodes on CT or MR images. We present a case of bilateral accessory digastric muscles which fuse (partially) with the midline raphe of the mylohyoid muscle. Fibres from the right accessory anterior digastric muscle proceeded to decussate and join the mylohyoid muscle and the contralateral insertion of the digastric muscle. Embryological development and possible clinical consequences are discussed.

Anomalies of the inferior vena cava: a report of two cases and a short review of the literature

88%

Kapetanakis S. , Papadopoulos C. , Galani P. , Dimitrakopoulou G. , Fiska A.

Folia Morphologica

2010

tom 69

nr 3

The inferior vena cava, also known as the posterior vena cava, is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava result from the persistence of the embryonic venous system. The majority of cases are clinically silent and are diagnosed in routine dissection studies, in retroperitoneal surgeries, or through imaging for other reasons. Although these anomalies are rare, they are of great importance during operations in the abdominal area or in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases. We report two cases of double vena cava and left vena cava, respectively, and a short review of the relevant literature. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 3: 123–127)

The effect of intravaginal application of estradiol and progesterone on porcine embryo development

51%

Chlopek J. , Gilun P. , Tabecka-Lonczynska A. , Koziorowski M. , Stefanczyk-Krzymowska S.

2008

tom 11

nr 4

287-293

This study was designed to check whether intravaginal application of estradiol and progesterone on chosen days of early pregnancy affects the development and survival of porcine embryos. Crossbred gilts were assigned to control (C-land C-2) or experimental (T-l and T-2) groups. Systemic blood samples were collected in groups C-l and T-l on days 3-18 of pregnancy. Gilts of control groups were supplied on days 2-6 and 12-17 of pregnancy with intravaginal cocoa butter suppositories. Gilts of experimental groups were intravaginally supplied on days 2-6 of pregnancy with estradiol (0.2 mg) to improve uterine blood supply and on days 12-17 of pregnancy gilts were supplied with progesterone (0.25 mg) to stimulate the secretory function of the endometrium during the periimplantation period. Systemic concentration of progesterone was elevated on days 3-6 and of estradiol on days 4, 5 and 10 of pregnancy in the experimental groups in comparison with the control gilts. The weight of the ovary and number of corpora lutea were similar in the control and experimental groups, but the number of follicles over 3 mm in diameter was higher in the experimental groups than in control (P < 0.01) on day 30 of pregnancy. The mean ovulation rate, total number of embryos and rate of embryo survival on day 30 of pregnancy were similar in the control and experimental groups. However, the weight, crown-rump length and width of embryos were greater in the experimental groups than in control (P < 0.001). The results demonstrated that the intravaginal application of estradiol and progesterone on precisely chosen days of early pregnancy stimulated embryo development. This study demonstrated that the timing of hormone administration must comply with the physiological effect of estradiol and progesterone on uterine blood supply to ensure embryo development and survival.

Impact of Smicronyx spp. [Coleoptera:Curculionidae] on fruit development of the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica [Scrophulariaceae]: histological study and prospects for biological control

44%

Pronier I. , Pare J. , Vincent C. , Salle G.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

1998

tom 40

Witchweeds, especially Striga spp. (Scrophulariaceae), have become a major pest for cereal crops in Africa. Presently there are no efficient management methods to alleviate the agronomical problem posed by witchweeds. In a multidisciplinary research program addressed to the Striga problem, we conducted histological work to study the effects of a weevil (Smicronyx spp.) on Striga seed production. The embryological development of Striga hermonthica was studied in normal (unattacked) and attacked (by Smicronyx weevils) capsules. The results on the impact of Smicronyx weevils on Striga fruit are described. Our findings should be of interest in implementing a Striga management program based on seed bank control. Seed bank management should be integrated with other control tactics to achieve a practical and agronomical impact on Striga populations.