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Allelopathic effect of goosefoot on germination and early stage growth of triticale and radish

100%

Lipniak K. , Kliszcz A.

2020

110-128

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extracts from Chenopodium album L. on germination and early stages of triticale grains (×Triticosecale Wittm. ex A.Camus) and radish seeds (Raphanus sativus L.). Germination indexes, fresh and dry mass, water content and electrolyte leakage were measured. Studies revealed the different germination capacity of triticale grains and radish seeds, where increased concentrations of allelopathins in aqueous C. album extracts significantly inhibited seedling growth for both species. The extracts had an inhibitory effect on the growth of seedling fresh mass. An increase in dry mass of radish seedlings was demonstrated for each of the extracts and, for triticale seedlings, only at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.5%. Water content in triticale and radish seedlings varied depending on the concentration of allelopathins in the extract. With increasing concentrations of C. album extract, regardless of seedling type, a statistically significant increase in electrolyte leakage was observed.

Studies on Gypsophila fastigiata parameters verifying its suitability to reclamation of post-flotation Zn-Pb wastes

75%

Muszyńska E. , Hanus-Fajerska E. , Ciarkowska K.

2015

tom Vol. 41, no. 1

17--24

An excessive amount of heavy metals negatively affects the environment, causing degradation of large areas throughout the world. Therefore, the effective and inexpensive techniques focused on either removal of those substances or their long-term stabilization in situ need to be improved. We currently propose to use a calamine ecotype of Gypsophila fastigiata (Caryophyllaceae) for biological reclamation of wastes accumulated after Zn-Pb ores enrichment. Plants were cultivated in (1) untreated waste material (control), (2) wastes enriched with mineral fertilizers, and (3) wastes enriched with sewage sludge. Photosynthetic pigments content and electrolyte leakage outside plasma membrane were tested periodically in representative samples. In untreated waste material growth gradually deteriorated during the season. The content of chlorophyll a in leaves taken from control plants decreased more than threefold from 0.51 mg/g f.m. at the beginning to 0.14 mg/g f.m. at the end of the growing season, whereas in treatment with sewage sludge the reduced seasonal variations in photosynthetic pigments content was ascertained (0.78 mg/g f.m. for chl a and 0.20 mg/g f.m. for chl b , both in the spring and autumn) what positively influenced the plant growth. The results indicate that tested G. fastigiata genotype might be used in an assisted revegetation project.

Allelopathic effects of Stellaria media (L.) Vill. on germination and early stages of growth of Raphanus sativus var. radicula

75%

Zandi P. , Barabasz-Krasny B. , Stachurska-Swakoń A. , Puła J. , Możdżeń K.

2018

Influence of aqueous extracts of aboveground organs of common crop weeds Stellaria media on germination and seedlings growth of radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers.) was studied. Three different cultivars of radish (i.e. ‘Rowa’, ‘Krakowianka’, and ‘Półdługa’) were used to investigate if Stellaria media could produce allelopathins and if the impact of allelopathins differs between cultivars. The influence of allelopathins in various form of extracts was checked, i.e. decoction, infusion, and macerate, as the impact on germination rate, seedling growth (length and mass), and electrolyte leakage. Compared to the control group (distilled water used) the germination rate of radish seeds was lower, independently of the type of S. media extracts used. The growth of seedlings differed between cultivars and form of extract. It was noticed the inhibition of seedling growth for ‘Półdługa’ cultivar independently of extract form. The growth of two other cultivars was stimulated by the infusion, and slightly inhibited by the decoction and macerate. The extracts reduced the outflow of electrolytes through the cell membranes of radish seedlings of all but one the analysed radish cultivars. The exception was the macerate, which in the ‘Rowa’ cultivar caused the increase of the electrolyte leakage.

Ocena przepuszczalności błon komórkowych siewek jęczmienia w warunkach niedoboru wody

51%

nr 3

Badania dotyczące wpływu niedoboru wody na przepuszczalność błon komórkowych liści i korzeni siewek jęczmienia jarego odmian Ella i Kucyk przeprowadzono w kontrolowanych warunkach. Oceny przepuszczalności błon komórkowych dokonano zmodyfikowaną metodą konduktometryczną. Obliczono względny wyciek elektrolitów (EL) na podstawie wartości przewodnictwa elektrycznego. Za pomocą metody spektrofotometrycznej wyznaczono względny współczynnik wycieku (RLR). Stwierdzono, że wartości zarówno EL, jak i RLR wzrastają wraz ze wzrostem niedoboru wody. Może to świadczyć o zmianach w błonach komórkowych i utracie przez nie właściwości półprzepuszczalnych pod wpływem niedoboru wody. Zaobserwowano wyższe wartości współczynnika RLR w porównaniu do wartości wskaźnika EL podczas oceny uszkodzeń błon komórkowych liści i korzeni siewek obu odmian jęczmienia.

The impact of water deficit on cell membrane permeability of leaves and roots of spring barley seedlings cultivars Ella and Kucyk was studied in controlled conditions. The evaluation of membrane permeability was conducted using a modified conductometric method. The relative electrolyte leakage (EL) was calculated on the basis of relative electrical conductivity values. The relative leakage ratio (RLR) was determined by a spectrophotometric method. The values of electrolyte leakage and relative leakage increased with increasing water deficit. This may indicate changes in membrane permeability, stability and integrity due to water deficit. Higher RLR values were observed compared to the EC value when evaluating damage to cell membrane of leaf and roots of both barley cultivars.